--- title: Judges 18:2 — And the children of Dan sent of their family five men from their who… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the children of Dan sent of their family five men from their whole number, men of valour, from Zorah, and from Eshtaol, to spy out the land, and to search it; and they said unto them: 'Go, search the land'; and they came to the hill-country of Ephraim, unto the house of Micah, and lodged there. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/18/) / 18:2 # Judges 18:2 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** children · **What happens:** send, spy out, search, say, go, come · **To what, where:** five men, Zorah, land, hill country · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 18:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — children — and what happens in the verse to five men, Zorah, land, hill country, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשְׁלְח֣וּ בְנֵי־דָ֣ן ׀ מִֽמִּשְׁפַּחְתָּ֡ם חֲמִשָּׁ֣ה אֲנָשִׁ֣ים מִקְצוֹתָם֩ אֲנָשִׁ֨ים בְּנֵי־חַ֜יִל מִצָּרְעָ֣ה וּמֵֽאֶשְׁתָּאֹ֗ל לְרַגֵּ֤ל אֶת־הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ וּלְחָקְרָ֔הּ וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם לְכ֖וּ חִקְר֣וּ אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ הַר־אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ עַד־בֵּ֣ית מִיכָ֔ה וַיָּלִ֖ינוּ שָֽׁם׃ [And the children of Dan sent of their family five men from their whole number, men of valour, from Zorah, and from Eshtaol, to spy out the land, and to search it; and they said unto them: 'Go, search the land'; and they came to the hill-country of Ephraim, unto the house of Micah, and lodged there.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.518/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:485 # text = וַיִּשְׁלְח֣וּ בְנֵי־דָ֣ן ׀ מִֽמִּשְׁפַּחְתָּ֡ם חֲמִשָּׁ֣ה אֲנָשִׁ֣ים מִקְצוֹתָם֩ אֲנָשִׁ֨ים בְּנֵי־חַ֜יִל מִצָּרְעָ֣ה וּמֵֽאֶשְׁתָּאֹ֗ל לְרַגֵּ֤ל אֶת־הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ וּלְחָקְרָ֔הּ וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם לְכ֖וּ חִקְר֣וּ אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ הַר־אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ עַד־בֵּ֣ית מִיכָ֔ה וַיָּלִ֖ינוּ שָֽׁם׃ # verse = JDG.18.2 1-2 וַיִּשְׁלְח֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_18:2!1|MId=o070180020011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁלְח֣וּ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.sent|Ref=JDG_18:2!1|MId=o070180020012|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:070180020021;A1:070180020061;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 בְנֵי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.descendants|Ref=JDG_18:2!2|MId=o070180020021|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 4 דָ֣ן דָּן PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Dan|Ref=JDG_18:2!3|MId=o070180020031|Strong=1835 5 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 4 punct _ Ref=JDG_18:2!3 6-8 מִֽמִּשְׁפַּחְתָּ֡ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 מִֽ מִן ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JDG_18:2!4|MId=o070180020041|Strong=4480 7 מִּשְׁפַּחְתּ מִשְׁפַּחַת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=tribe|Ref=JDG_18:2!4|MId=o070180020042|Strong=4940 8 ָ֡ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JDG_18:2!4|MId=o070180020043|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 9 חֲמִשָּׁ֣ה חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 nummod _ Gloss=five|Ref=JDG_18:2!5|MId=o070180020051|Strong=2568|Type=cardinal_number 10 אֲנָשִׁ֣ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=men|Ref=JDG_18:2!6|MId=o070180020061|Strong=0376 11-13 מִקְצוֹתָם֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JDG_18:2!7|MId=o070180020071|Strong=4480 12 קְצוֹת קְצֹות NOUN _ Number=Plur 10 nmod _ Gloss=ends|Ref=JDG_18:2!7|MId=o070180020072|Strong=7098 13 ָם֩ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JDG_18:2!7|MId=o070180020073|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 14 אֲנָשִׁ֨ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 appos _ Gloss=men|Ref=JDG_18:2!8|MId=o070180020081|Strong=0376 15 בְּנֵי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 appos _ Gloss=sons|Ref=JDG_18:2!9|MId=o070180020091|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 16 חַ֜יִל חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.strength|Ref=JDG_18:2!10|MId=o070180020101|Strong=2428 17-18 מִצָּרְעָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JDG_18:2!11|MId=o070180020111|Strong=4480 18 צָּרְעָ֣ה צׇרְעָה PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Zorah|Ref=JDG_18:2!11|MId=o070180020112|Strong=6881 19-21 וּמֵֽאֶשְׁתָּאֹ֗ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_18:2!12|MId=o070180020121|Strong=2050b 20 מֵֽ מִן ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JDG_18:2!12|MId=o070180020122|Strong=4480 21 אֶשְׁתָּאֹ֗ל אֶשְׁתָּאֹל PROPN _ _ 18 conj _ Gloss=Eshtaol|Ref=JDG_18:2!12|MId=o070180020123|Strong=0847 22-23 לְרַגֵּ֤ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_18:2!13|MId=o070180020131|Strong=3807a 23 רַגֵּ֤ל רָגַל VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 2 advcl _ Gloss=spy.out|Ref=JDG_18:2!13|MId=o070180020132|Strong=7270|Frame=A0:070180020061;A1:070180020152;|Type=infinitive_construct 24 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_18:2!14|MId=o070180020141|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 25-26 הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_18:2!15|MId=o070180020151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 אָ֙רֶץ֙ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 23 obj _ Gloss=land|Ref=JDG_18:2!15|MId=o070180020152|Strong=0776 27-30 וּלְחָקְרָ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_18:2!16|MId=o070180020161|Strong=2050b 28 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_18:2!16|MId=o070180020162|Strong=3807a 29 חָקְר חָקַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 23 conj _ Gloss=explore|Ref=JDG_18:2!16|MId=o070180020163|Strong=2713|Frame=A0:070180020061;A1:070180020164;|Type=infinitive_construct 30 ָ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=JDG_18:2!16|MId=o070180020164|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 31-32 וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_18:2!17|MId=o070180020171|Strong=2050b 32 יֹּאמְר֣וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=JDG_18:2!17|MId=o070180020172|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070180020021;|Type=wayyiqtol 33-34 אֲלֵהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 אֲל אֶל ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_18:2!18|MId=o070180020181|Strong=0413 34 ֵהֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JDG_18:2!18|MId=o070180020182|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 35 לְכ֖וּ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 32 ccomp _ Gloss=go|Ref=JDG_18:2!19|MId=o070180020191|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:070180020061;|Type=imperative 36 חִקְר֣וּ חָקַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 35 parataxis _ Gloss=explore|Ref=JDG_18:2!20|MId=o070180020201|Strong=2713|Frame=A0:070180020061;A1:070180020222;|Type=imperative 37 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_18:2!21|MId=o070180020211|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 38-39 הָאָ֑רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 39 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_18:2!22|MId=o070180020221|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 39 אָ֑רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 36 obj _ Gloss=land|Ref=JDG_18:2!22|MId=o070180020222|Strong=0776 40-41 וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 41 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_18:2!23|MId=o070180020231|Strong=2050b 41 יָּבֹ֤אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.went|Ref=JDG_18:2!23|MId=o070180020232|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:070180020061;|Type=wayyiqtol 42 הַר־ הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 41 obl _ Gloss=the.hill.country|Ref=JDG_18:2!24|MId=o070180020241|Strong=2022|SpaceAfter=No 43 אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ אֶפְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 42 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ephraim|Ref=JDG_18:2!25|MId=o070180020251|Strong=0669 44 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 45 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_18:2!26|MId=o070180020261|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 45 בֵּ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 41 obl _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=JDG_18:2!27|MId=o070180020271|Strong=1004 46 מִיכָ֔ה מִיכָה PROPN _ _ 45 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Micah|Ref=JDG_18:2!28|MId=o070180020281|Strong=4318 47-48 וַיָּלִ֖ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 48 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_18:2!29|MId=o070180020291|Strong=2050b 48 יָּלִ֖ינוּ לין VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.spent.the.night|Ref=JDG_18:2!29|MId=o070180020292|Strong=3885a|Frame=A0:070180020061;|Type=wayyiqtol 49 שָֽׁם שָׁם ADV _ _ 48 advmod _ Gloss=there|Ref=JDG_18:2!30|MId=o070180020301|Strong=8033|SpaceAfter=No 50 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 49 punct _ Ref=JDG_18:2!30 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁלְחוּ *they sent* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְנֵי־ *the descendants* | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | רַגֵּל *spy out* | infinitive construct · piel | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | אָרֶץ *land* | | | | חָקְר *explore* | infinitive construct · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | ָהּ *it* | | | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְנֵי־ *the descendants* | | | | | לְכוּ *go* | imperative · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | | חִקְרוּ *explore* | imperative · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | אָרֶץ *land* | | | | יָּבֹאוּ *they went* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | | יָּלִינוּ *they spent the night* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּשְׁלֵחוּ בְנֵי דָן מִזַרְעֲיַתְהוֹן חַמְשָׁא גוּבְרִין מִקְצַתְהוֹן גַבְרִין בְּנֵי חֵילָא מִצָרְעָה וּמֵאֶשְׁתָּאוֹל לְאַלָלָא יַת אַרְעָא וּלְמִבְדְקָא וַאֲמַרוּ לְהוֹן אֶזִילוּ בְּדוּקוּ יַת אַרְעָא וַאֲתוֹ לְטוּרָא דְבֵית אֶפְרַיִם עַד בֵּית מִיכָה וּבָתוּ תַמָן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the children of Dan sent of their family five men from their whole number, men of valour, from Zorah, and from Eshtaol, to spy out the land, and to search it; and they said unto them: 'Go, search the land'; and they came to the hill-country of Ephraim, unto the house of Micah, and lodged there.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.518/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:485`. - ← previous: [Judges 18:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.1/) - next →: [Judges 18:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.3/) - ↑ back to [Judges 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/18/)