--- title: Judges 18:28 — And there was no deliverer, because it was far from Zidon, and they… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And there was no deliverer, because it was far from Zidon, and they had no dealings with any man; and it was in the valley that lieth by Beth-rehob. And they built the city, and dwelt therein. Who acts: deliverer, children, valley. Judges 18:28 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JP --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.28/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/18/) / 18:28 # Judges 18:28 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** deliverer, children, valley · **What happens:** be, have, lie, build, dwell · **To what, where:** Zidon, dealings, valley, city This is Judges 18:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — deliverer, children, valley — and what happens in the verse to Zidon, dealings, valley, city, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאֵ֨ין מַצִּ֜יל כִּ֧י רְֽחוֹקָה־הִ֣יא מִצִּיד֗וֹן וְדָבָ֤ר אֵין־לָהֶם֙ עִם־אָדָ֔ם וְהִ֕יא בָּעֵ֖מֶק אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְבֵית־רְח֑וֹבבֵית־רְח֑וֹב וַיִּבְנ֥וּ אֶת־הָעִ֖יר וַיֵּ֥שְׁבוּ בָֽהּ׃ [And there was no deliverer, because it was far from Zidon, and they had no dealings with any man; and it was in the valley that lieth by Beth-rehob.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.545/) [And they built the city, and dwelt therein.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.546/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:511 # text = וְאֵ֨ין מַצִּ֜יל כִּ֧י רְֽחוֹקָה־הִ֣יא מִצִּיד֗וֹן וְדָבָ֤ר אֵין־לָהֶם֙ עִם־אָדָ֔ם וְהִ֕יא בָּעֵ֖מֶק אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְבֵית־רְח֑וֹבבֵית־רְח֑וֹב וַיִּבְנ֥וּ אֶת־הָעִ֖יר וַיֵּ֥שְׁבוּ בָֽהּ׃ # verse = JDG.18.28 1-2 וְאֵ֨ין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_18:28!1|MId=o070180280011|Strong=2050b 2 אֵ֨ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=there.[was].not|Ref=JDG_18:28!1|MId=o070180280012|Strong=0369|Type=negative 3 מַצִּ֜יל נָצַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=a.deliverer|Ref=JDG_18:28!2|MId=o070180280021|Strong=5337|Frame=A1:070180270161;|Type=participle_active 4 כִּ֧י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JDG_18:28!3|MId=o070180280031|Strong=3588 5 רְֽחוֹקָה־ רָחֹוק ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 advcl _ Gloss=[was].far|Ref=JDG_18:28!4|MId=o070180280041|Strong=7350|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 6 הִ֣יא הִיא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=JDG_18:28!5|MId=o070180280051|Strong=1931a|Type=personal 7-8 מִצִּיד֗וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JDG_18:28!6|MId=o070180280061|Strong=4480 8 צִּיד֗וֹן צִידוֹן PROPN _ _ 5 obl _ Gloss=Sidon|Ref=JDG_18:28!6|MId=o070180280062|Strong=6721 9-10 וְדָבָ֤ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_18:28!7|MId=o070180280071|Strong=2050b 10 דָבָ֤ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=anything|Ref=JDG_18:28!7|MId=o070180280072|Strong=1697 11 אֵין־ אַיִן ADV _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=there.[belonged].not|Ref=JDG_18:28!8|MId=o070180280081|Strong=0369|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 לָהֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 ל לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_18:28!9|MId=o070180280091|Strong=3807a 13 ָהֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JDG_18:28!9|MId=o070180280092|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 14 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JDG_18:28!10|MId=o070180280101|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 15 אָדָ֔ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=anyone|Ref=JDG_18:28!11|MId=o070180280111|Strong=0120 16-17 וְהִ֕יא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_18:28!12|MId=o070180280121|Strong=2050b 17 הִ֕יא הִיא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=JDG_18:28!12|MId=o070180280122|Strong=1931a|Type=personal 18-20 בָּעֵ֖מֶק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=[was].in|Ref=JDG_18:28!13|MId=o070180280131|Strong=0871a 19 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_18:28!13|MId=o070180280131ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 עֵ֖מֶק עֵמֶק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=valley|Ref=JDG_18:28!13|MId=o070180280132|Strong=6010 21 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JDG_18:28!14|MId=o070180280141|Strong=0834|Type=relative 22-24 לְבֵית־רְח֑וֹבבֵית־רְח֑וֹב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=[belongs].to|Ref=JDG_18:28!15|MId=o070180280151|Strong=3807a 23 בֵית־רְח֑וֹב בֵּית־רְחֹוב PROPN _ _ 20 acl:relcl _ Gloss=Beth|Ref=JDG_18:28!15|MId=o070180280152 24 בֵית־רְח֑וֹב בֵּיתרְחוֹב PROPN _ _ 23 nmod _ Gloss=Rehob|Ref=JDG_18:28!16|MId=o070180280161 25-26 וַיִּבְנ֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_18:28!17|MId=o070180280171|Strong=2050b 26 יִּבְנ֥וּ בָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.rebuilt|Ref=JDG_18:28!17|MId=o070180280172|Strong=1129|Frame=A0:070180260021;A1:070180280182;|Type=wayyiqtol 27 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_18:28!18|MId=o070180280181|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 28-29 הָעִ֖יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_18:28!19|MId=o070180280191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 עִ֖יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 26 obj _ Gloss=city|Ref=JDG_18:28!19|MId=o070180280192|Strong=5892 30-31 וַיֵּ֥שְׁבוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_18:28!20|MId=o070180280201|Strong=2050b 31 יֵּ֥שְׁבוּ יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.dwelt|Ref=JDG_18:28!20|MId=o070180280202|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:070180260021;|Type=wayyiqtol 32-33 בָֽהּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_18:28!21|MId=o070180280211|Strong=0871a 33 ָֽהּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=JDG_18:28!21|MId=o070180280212|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=JDG_18:28!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מַצִּיל *a deliverer* | participle active · hiphil | | | | | | יִּבְנוּ *they rebuilt* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יֵּשְׁבוּ *they dwelt* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְלֵית דִמְשֵׁיזִיב אֲרֵי רְחִיקָא הִיא מִצִידוֹן וּפִתְגַם לֵית לְהוֹן עִם אֱנַשׁ וְאִינוּן בְּמֵשַׁר דִלְבֵית רְחוֹב וּבְנוֹ יַת קַרְתָּא וִיתִיבוּ בָהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And there was no deliverer, because it was far from Zidon, and they had no dealings with any man; and it was in the valley that lieth by Beth-rehob.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.545/) 2. [And they built the city, and dwelt therein.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.546/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:511`. - ← previous: [Judges 18:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.27/) - next →: [Judges 18:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.29/) - ↑ back to [Judges 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/18/)