--- title: Judges 18:9 — And they said: 'Arise, and let us go up against them; for we have se… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And they said: 'Arise, and let us go up against them; for we have seen the land, and, behold, it is very good; and are ye still? be not slothful to go and to enter in to possess the land. Who acts: men, us, we, land. Judges 18:9 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the p --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/18/) / 18:9 # Judges 18:9 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** men, us, we, land, ye · **What happens:** say, arise, let, go up, see, be · **To what, where:** us, land · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 18:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, us, we, land, ye — and what happens in the verse to us, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ ק֚וּמָה וְנַעֲלֶ֣ה עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם כִּ֤י רָאִ֙ינוּ֙ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְהִנֵּ֥ה טוֹבָ֖ה מְאֹ֑ד וְאַתֶּ֣ם מַחְשִׁ֔ים אַל־תֵּעָ֣צְל֔וּ לָלֶ֥כֶת לָבֹ֖א לָרֶ֥שֶׁת אֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ׃ [And they said: 'Arise, and let us go up against them; for we have seen the land, and, behold, it is very good; and are ye still? be not slothful to go and to enter in to possess the land.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.525/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:492 # text = וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ ק֚וּמָה וְנַעֲלֶ֣ה עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם כִּ֤י רָאִ֙ינוּ֙ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְהִנֵּ֥ה טוֹבָ֖ה מְאֹ֑ד וְאַתֶּ֣ם מַחְשִׁ֔ים אַל־תֵּעָ֣צְל֔וּ לָלֶ֥כֶת לָבֹ֖א לָרֶ֥שֶׁת אֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ׃ # verse = JDG.18.9 1-2 וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_18:9!1|MId=o070180090011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּאמְר֗וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=JDG_18:9!1|MId=o070180090012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070180070032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 ק֚וּמָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 ק֚וּמ קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=arise|Ref=JDG_18:9!2|MId=o070180090021|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:070180080081;|Type=imperative 4 ָה ה X _ _ 3 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_18:9!2|MId=o070180090022|Strong=1886j|Type=paragogic_he 5-6 וְנַעֲלֶ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_18:9!3|MId=o070180090031|Strong=2050b 6 נַעֲלֶ֣ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 3 conj _ Gloss=let.us.go.up|Ref=JDG_18:9!3|MId=o070180090032|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:070180070032;070180080081;|Type=cohortative 7-8 עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 עֲלֵי עַל ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JDG_18:9!4|MId=o070180090041|Strong=5921 8 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JDG_18:9!4|MId=o070180090042|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 9 כִּ֤י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JDG_18:9!5|MId=o070180090051|Strong=3588 10 רָאִ֙ינוּ֙ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 3 advcl _ Gloss=we.have.seen|Ref=JDG_18:9!6|MId=o070180090061|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:070180070032;A1:070180090082;|Type=qatal 11 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_18:9!7|MId=o070180090071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 הָאָ֔רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_18:9!8|MId=o070180090081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 אָ֔רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=land|Ref=JDG_18:9!8|MId=o070180090082|Strong=0776 14-15 וְהִנֵּ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_18:9!9|MId=o070180090091|Strong=2050b 15 הִנֵּ֥ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 16 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=JDG_18:9!9|MId=o070180090092|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 16 טוֹבָ֖ה טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=[it.is].good|Ref=JDG_18:9!10|MId=o070180090101|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 17 מְאֹ֑ד מְאֹד ADV _ _ 16 advmod _ Gloss=very|Ref=JDG_18:9!11|MId=o070180090111|Strong=3966 18-19 וְאַתֶּ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_18:9!12|MId=o070180090121|Strong=2050b 19 אַתֶּ֣ם אַתֶּם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_18:9!12|MId=o070180090122|Strong=0859a|Type=personal 20 מַחְשִׁ֔ים חָשָׁה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=[are.being].inactive|Ref=JDG_18:9!13|MId=o070180090131|Strong=2814|Frame=A0:070180090122;|Type=participle_active 21 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 22 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=JDG_18:9!14|MId=o070180090141|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 22 תֵּעָ֣צְל֔וּ עָצֵל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 3 parataxis _ Gloss=hesitate|Ref=JDG_18:9!15|MId=o070180090151|Strong=6101|Frame=A0:070180080081;|Type=jussive 23-24 לָלֶ֥כֶת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_18:9!16|MId=o070180090161|Strong=3807a 24 לֶ֥כֶת הלך VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 22 advcl _ Gloss=go|Ref=JDG_18:9!16|MId=o070180090162|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:070180080081;|Type=infinitive_construct 25-26 לָבֹ֖א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_18:9!17|MId=o070180090171|Strong=3807a 26 בֹ֖א בּוֹא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 24 conj _ Gloss=go|Ref=JDG_18:9!17|MId=o070180090172|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:070180080081;|Type=infinitive_construct 27-28 לָרֶ֥שֶׁת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_18:9!18|MId=o070180090181|Strong=3807a 28 רֶ֥שֶׁת יָרַשׁ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 24 conj _ Gloss=take.possession.of|Ref=JDG_18:9!18|MId=o070180090182|Strong=3423|Frame=A0:070180080081;A1:070180090202;|Type=infinitive_construct 29 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_18:9!19|MId=o070180090191|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 30-31 הָאָֽרֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_18:9!20|MId=o070180090201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 אָֽרֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 28 obj _ Gloss=land|Ref=JDG_18:9!20|MId=o070180090202|Strong=0776 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=JDG_18:9!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | קוּמ *arise* | imperative · qal | | | | | | נַעֲלֶה *let us go up* | cohortative · qal | | | | | | רָאִינוּ *we have seen* | qatal · qal | | אָרֶץ *land* | | | | מַחְשִׁים *\[are being\] inactive* | participle active · hiphil | אַתֶּם *you* | | | | | **not** תֵּעָצְלוּ *hesitate* | jussive · niphal | | | | | | לֶכֶת *go* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | בֹא *go* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | רֶשֶׁת *take possession of* | infinitive construct · qal | | אָֽרֶץ *land* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַרוּ קוּמוּ וְנִיסַק עֲלֵיהוֹן אֲרֵי חֲזֵינָא יַת אַרְעָא וְהָא טָבָא לַחֲדָא וְאַתּוּן שַׁתְקִין לָא תִתְרַשְׁלוּן לְמֵיזַל לְמֵיעַל לְמֵירַת יַת אַרְעָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And they said: 'Arise, and let us go up against them; for we have seen the land, and, behold, it is very good; and are ye still? be not slothful to go and to enter in to possess the land.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.525/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:492`. - ← previous: [Judges 18:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.8/) - next →: [Judges 18:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.10/) - ↑ back to [Judges 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/18/)