--- title: Judges 19:3 — And her husband arose, and went after her, to speak kindly unto her,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And her husband arose, and went after her, to speak kindly unto her, to bring her back, having his servant with him, and a couple of asses; and she brought him into her father's house; and when the father of the damsel saw him, he rejoiced to meet him. Who acts: husband, lehem, father. Judges 19:3 i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.19.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/19/) / 19:3 # Judges 19:3 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** husband, lehem, father · **What happens:** arise, go, speak, bring back, have, bring · **To what, where:** lehem, servant, husband, house, father · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 19:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — husband, lehem, father — and what happens in the verse to lehem, servant, husband, house, father, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּ֨קָם אִישָׁ֜הּ וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ אַחֲרֶ֗יהָ לְדַבֵּ֤ר עַל־לִבָּהּ֙ לַהֲשִׁיבָ֔הּ וְנַעֲר֥וֹ עִמּ֖וֹ וְצֶ֣מֶד חֲמֹרִ֑ים וַתְּבִיאֵ֙הוּ֙ בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֔יהָ וַיִּרְאֵ֙הוּ֙ אֲבִ֣י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֔ה וַיִּשְׂמַ֖ח לִקְרָאתֽוֹ׃ [And her husband arose, and went after her, to speak kindly unto her, to bring her back, having his servant with him, and a couple of asses; and she brought him into her father's house; and when the father of the damsel saw him, he rejoiced to meet him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.552/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:517 # text = וַיָּ֨קָם אִישָׁ֜הּ וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ אַחֲרֶ֗יהָ לְדַבֵּ֤ר עַל־לִבָּהּ֙ לַהֲשִׁיבָ֔הּ וְנַעֲר֥וֹ עִמּ֖וֹ וְצֶ֣מֶד חֲמֹרִ֑ים וַתְּבִיאֵ֙הוּ֙ בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֔יהָ וַיִּרְאֵ֙הוּ֙ אֲבִ֣י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֔ה וַיִּשְׂמַ֖ח לִקְרָאתֽוֹ׃ # verse = JDG.19.3 1-2 וַיָּ֨קָם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:3!1|MId=o070190030011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּ֨קָם קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.arose|Ref=JDG_19:3!1|MId=o070190030012|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:070190030021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אִישָׁ֜הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אִישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=husband|Ref=JDG_19:3!2|MId=o070190030021|Strong=0376 4 ָ֜הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=her|Ref=JDG_19:3!2|MId=o070190030022|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 5-6 וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:3!3|MId=o070190030031|Strong=2050b 6 יֵּ֣לֶךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=JDG_19:3!3|MId=o070190030032|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:070190030021;|Type=wayyiqtol 7-8 אַחֲרֶ֗יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 אַחֲרֶ֗י אַחַר ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=JDG_19:3!4|MId=o070190030041|Strong=0310 8 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 obl _ Gloss=her|Ref=JDG_19:3!4|MId=o070190030042|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 9-10 לְדַבֵּ֤ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_19:3!5|MId=o070190030051|Strong=3807a 10 דַבֵּ֤ר דָבַר VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 6 advcl _ Gloss=speak|Ref=JDG_19:3!5|MId=o070190030052|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:070190030021;|Type=infinitive_construct 11 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_19:3!6|MId=o070190030061|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 לִבָּהּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לִבּ לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=heart|Ref=JDG_19:3!7|MId=o070190030071|Strong=3820 13 ָהּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=her|Ref=JDG_19:3!7|MId=o070190030072|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 14-16 לַהֲשִׁיבָ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_19:3!9|MId=o070190030091|Strong=3807a 15 הֲשִׁיב שׁוּב VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 10 conj _ Gloss=bring|Ref=JDG_19:3!9|MId=o070190030092|Strong=7725|Frame=AA:070190030021;A0:070190030093;|Type=infinitive_construct 16 ָ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ Gloss=her.back|Ref=JDG_19:3!9|MId=o070190030093|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 17-19 וְנַעֲר֥וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:3!10|MId=o070190030101|Strong=2050b 18 נַעֲר נַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ Gloss=servant|Ref=JDG_19:3!10|MId=o070190030102|Strong=5288 19 ֥וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_19:3!10|MId=o070190030103|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20-21 עִמּ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=[was].with|Ref=JDG_19:3!11|MId=o070190030111|Strong=5973 21 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 conj _ Gloss=him|Ref=JDG_19:3!11|MId=o070190030112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22-23 וְצֶ֣מֶד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:3!12|MId=o070190030121|Strong=2050b 23 צֶ֣מֶד צֶמֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 conj _ Gloss=a.pair|Ref=JDG_19:3!12|MId=o070190030122|Strong=6776 24 חֲמֹרִ֑ים חֲמוֹר NOUN _ Number=Plur 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.donkeys|Ref=JDG_19:3!13|MId=o070190030131|Strong=2543 25-27 וַתְּבִיאֵ֙הוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:3!14|MId=o070190030141|Strong=2050b 26 תְּבִיא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she|Ref=JDG_19:3!14|MId=o070190030142|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:070190020031;A0:070190030143;|Type=wayyiqtol 27 ֵ֙הוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ Gloss=brought.him|Ref=JDG_19:3!14|MId=o070190030143|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 28 בֵּ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 obl _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=JDG_19:3!15|MId=o070190030151|Strong=1004 29-30 אָבִ֔יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 אָבִ֔י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=her.father|Ref=JDG_19:3!16|MId=o070190030161|Strong=0001 30 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=her|Ref=JDG_19:3!16|MId=o070190030162|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 31-33 וַיִּרְאֵ֙הוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:3!17|MId=o070190030171|Strong=2050b 32 יִּרְא רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=JDG_19:3!17|MId=o070190030172|Strong=7200|Frame=A1:070190030173;A0:070190030181;|Type=wayyiqtol 33 ֵ֙הוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obj _ Gloss=saw.him|Ref=JDG_19:3!17|MId=o070190030173|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 34 אֲבִ֣י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ Gloss=the.father|Ref=JDG_19:3!18|MId=o070190030181|Strong=0001 35-36 הַֽנַּעֲרָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_19:3!19|MId=o070190030191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 נַּעֲרָ֔ה נַעֲרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 34 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.young.woman|Ref=JDG_19:3!19|MId=o070190030192|Strong=5291 37-38 וַיִּשְׂמַ֖ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 38 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:3!20|MId=o070190030201|Strong=2050b 38 יִּשְׂמַ֖ח שָׂמַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.rejoiced|Ref=JDG_19:3!20|MId=o070190030202|Strong=8055|Frame=A0:070190030181;|Type=wayyiqtol 39-41 לִקְרָאתֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_19:3!21|MId=o070190030211|Strong=3807a 40 קְרָאת קרא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 38 advcl _ Gloss=meet|Ref=JDG_19:3!21|MId=o070190030212|Strong=7122|Frame=A0:070190030181;A1:070190030213;|Type=infinitive_construct 41 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=JDG_19:3!21|MId=o070190030213|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 42 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 41 punct _ Ref=JDG_19:3!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּקָם *he arose* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *husband* | | | | | יֵּלֶךְ *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *husband* | | | | | דַבֵּר *speak* | infinitive construct · piel | אִישׁ *husband* | | | | | הֲשִׁיב *bring* | infinitive construct · hiphil | ָהּ *her back* | | | אִישׁ *husband* | | תְּבִיא *she* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ֵהוּ *brought him* | | | | | יִּרְא *he* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲבִי *the father* | ֵהוּ *saw him* | | | | יִּשְׂמַח *he rejoiced* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲבִי *the father* | | | | | קְרָאת *meet* | infinitive construct · qal | אֲבִי *the father* | ֽוֹ *him* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְּקָם בַּעֲלָהּ וַאֲזַל בַּתְרָהָא לְמַלֵיל עַל לִבָּהּ לַאֲתָבוּתָהּ וְעוּלֵימֵיהּ עִמֵיהּ וְזוּג חֲמָרִין וְאַעֲלָתֵיהּ לְבֵית אֲבוּהָא וַחֲזָהוּ אֲבוּהָא דְעוּלֶמְתָּא וַחֲדִי לָקֳדָמוּתֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And her husband arose, and went after her, to speak kindly unto her, to bring her back, having his servant with him, and a couple of asses; and she brought him into her father's house; and when the father of the damsel saw him, he rejoiced to meet him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.552/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:517`. - ← previous: [Judges 19:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.19.2/) - next →: [Judges 19:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.19.4/) - ↑ back to [Judges 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/19/)