--- title: Judges 19:30 — And it was so, that all that saw it said: 'Such a thing hath not hap… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it was so, that all that saw it said: 'Such a thing hath not happened nor been seen from the day that the children of Israel came up out of the land of Egypt unto this day; consider it, take counsel, and speak.' Who acts: all, thing, children. Judges 19:30 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Tar --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.19.30/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/19/) / 19:30 # Judges 19:30 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** all, thing, children · **What happens:** be, see, say, not happen, come up, consider · **To what, where:** house, day, land, counsel · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 19:30 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — all, thing, children — and what happens in the verse to house, day, land, counsel, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהָיָ֣ה כָל־הָרֹאֶ֗ה וְאָמַר֙ לֹֽא־נִהְיְתָ֤ה וְלֹֽא־נִרְאֲתָה֙ כָּזֹ֔את לְמִיּ֞וֹם עֲל֤וֹת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם עַ֖ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה שִֽׂימוּ־לָכֶ֥ם עָלֶ֖יהָ עֻ֥צוּ וְדַבֵּֽרוּ׃פ [And it was so, that all that saw it said: 'Such a thing hath not happened nor been seen from the day that the children of Israel came up out of the land of Egypt unto this day; consider it, take counsel, and speak.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.579/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:544 # text = וְהָיָ֣ה כָל־הָרֹאֶ֗ה וְאָמַר֙ לֹֽא־נִהְיְתָ֤ה וְלֹֽא־נִרְאֲתָה֙ כָּזֹ֔את לְמִיּ֞וֹם עֲל֤וֹת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם עַ֖ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה שִֽׂימוּ־לָכֶ֥ם עָלֶ֖יהָ עֻ֥צוּ וְדַבֵּֽרוּ׃פ # verse = JDG.19.30 1-2 וְהָיָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:30!1|MId=o070190300011|Strong=2050b 2 הָיָ֣ה הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=JDG_19:30!1|MId=o070190300012|Strong=1961|Type=weqatal 3 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 dislocated _ Gloss=every|Ref=JDG_19:30!2|MId=o070190300021|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 הָרֹאֶ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=(the).[one|Ref=JDG_19:30!3|MId=o070190300031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 רֹאֶ֗ה רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=who].saw|Ref=JDG_19:30!3|MId=o070190300032|Strong=7200|Type=participle_active 6-7 וְאָמַר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:30!4|MId=o070190300041|Strong=2050b 7 אָמַר֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JDG_19:30!4|MId=o070190300042|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070190300032;A1:070190300061;070190300081;|Type=weqatal 8 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JDG_19:30!5|MId=o070190300051|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 9 נִהְיְתָ֤ה הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 ccomp _ Gloss=it.has.occurred|Ref=JDG_19:30!6|MId=o070190300061|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:070190300092;|Type=qatal 10-11 וְלֹֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:30!7|MId=o070190300071|Strong=2050b 11 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 12 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JDG_19:30!7|MId=o070190300072|Strong=3808|Type=negative 12 נִרְאֲתָה֙ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=it.has.been.seen|Ref=JDG_19:30!8|MId=o070190300081|Strong=7200|Frame=A1:070190300092;|Type=qatal 13-14 כָּזֹ֔את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 כָּ כְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=JDG_19:30!9|MId=o070190300091|Strong=3509a 14 זֹ֔את זֹאת PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 12 nsubj _ Gloss=this|Ref=JDG_19:30!9|MId=o070190300092|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 15-17 לְמִיּ֞וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(to).from|Ref=JDG_19:30!10|MId=o070190300101|Strong=3807a 16 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_19:30!10|MId=o070190300102|Strong=4480 17 יּ֞וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=JDG_19:30!10|MId=o070190300103|Strong=3117 18 עֲל֤וֹת עָלָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 17 acl _ Gloss=came.up|Ref=JDG_19:30!11|MId=o070190300111|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:070190300121;|Type=infinitive_construct 19 בְּנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=JDG_19:30!12|MId=o070190300121|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 20 יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=JDG_19:30!13|MId=o070190300131|Strong=3478 21-22 מֵאֶ֣רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JDG_19:30!14|MId=o070190300141|Strong=4480 22 אֶ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=JDG_19:30!14|MId=o070190300142|Strong=0776 23 מִצְרַ֔יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=JDG_19:30!15|MId=o070190300151|Strong=4714 24 עַ֖ד עַד ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=JDG_19:30!16|MId=o070190300161|Strong=5704 25-26 הַיּ֣וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_19:30!17|MId=o070190300171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 יּ֣וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 conj _ Gloss=day|Ref=JDG_19:30!17|MId=o070190300172|Strong=3117 27-28 הַזֶּ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JDG_19:30!18|MId=o070190300181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 זֶּ֑ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 26 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JDG_19:30!18|MId=o070190300182|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 29 שִֽׂימוּ־ שׂים VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 9 parataxis _ Gloss=set|Ref=JDG_19:30!19|MId=o070190300191|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:070190300121;|Type=imperative|SpaceAfter=No 30-31 לָכֶ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 ל לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JDG_19:30!20|MId=o070190300201|Strong=3807a 31 ָכֶ֥ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 obl _ Gloss=yourselves|Ref=JDG_19:30!20|MId=o070190300202|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 32-33 עָלֶ֖יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 עָלֶ֖י עַל ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JDG_19:30!21|MId=o070190300211|Strong=5921 33 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=JDG_19:30!21|MId=o070190300212|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 34 עֻ֥צוּ עוּץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 29 parataxis _ Gloss=make.a.plan|Ref=JDG_19:30!22|MId=o070190300221|Strong=5779|Frame=A0:070190300121;|Type=imperative 35-36 וְדַבֵּֽרוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 36 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:30!23|MId=o070190300231|Strong=2050b 36 דַבֵּֽרוּ דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=2 29 conj _ Gloss=speak|Ref=JDG_19:30!23|MId=o070190300232|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:070190300121;|Type=imperative 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=JDG_19:30!23|SpaceAfter=No 38 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=JDG_19:30!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַר *he said* | weqatal · qal | רֹאֶה *who\] saw* | נִהְיְתָה *it has occurred* + נִרְאֲתָה *it has been seen* | | | | **not** נִהְיְתָה *it has occurred* | qatal · niphal | זֹאת *this* | | | | | **not** נִרְאֲתָה *it has been seen* | qatal · niphal | | זֹאת *this* | | | | עֲלוֹת *came up* | infinitive construct · qal | בְּנֵֽי־ *the people* | | | | | שִֽׂימוּ־ *set* | imperative · qal | בְּנֵֽי־ *the people* | | | | | עֻצוּ *make a plan* | imperative · qal | בְּנֵֽי־ *the people* | | | | | דַבֵּֽרוּ *speak* | imperative · piel | בְּנֵֽי־ *the people* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה כָּל דְחָזֵי וַאֲמַר לָא הֲוַת וְלָא אִתְחֲזִיאַת כַּהֲדָא לְמִן יוֹמָא דִי סְלִיקוּ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵאַרְעָא דְמִצְרָיִם עַד יוֹמָא הָדֵין שַׁווּ לִבְּכוֹן עֲלָהּ אִתְיַעְצוּ וּמַלִילוּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it was so, that all that saw it said: 'Such a thing hath not happened nor been seen from the day that the children of Israel came up out of the land of Egypt unto this day; consider it, take counsel, and speak.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.579/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:544`. - ← previous: [Judges 19:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.19.29/) - next →: [Judges 20:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.20.1/) - ↑ back to [Judges 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/19/)