--- title: Judges 19:8 — And he arose early in the morning on the fifth day to depart; and th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he arose early in the morning on the fifth day to depart; and the damsel's father said: 'Stay thy heart, I pray thee, and tarry ye until the day declineth'; and they did eat, both of them. Who acts: father, I, ye, day. Judges 19:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.19.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/19/) / 19:8 # Judges 19:8 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** father, I, ye, day, servant · **What happens:** arise, depart, say, stay, pray, tarry · **To what, where:** heart, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 19:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — father, I, ye, day, servant — and what happens in the verse to heart, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם בַּבֹּ֜קֶר בַּיּ֣וֹם הַחֲמִישִׁי֮ לָלֶכֶת֒ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ אֲבִ֣י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֗ה סְעָד־נָא֙ לְבָ֣בְךָ֔ וְהִֽתְמַהְמְה֖וּ עַד־נְט֣וֹת הַיּ֑וֹם וַיֹּאכְל֖וּ שְׁנֵיהֶֽם׃ [And he arose early in the morning on the fifth day to depart; and the damsel's father said: 'Stay thy heart, I pray thee, and tarry ye until the day declineth'; and they did eat, both of them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.557/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:522 # text = וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם בַּבֹּ֜קֶר בַּיּ֣וֹם הַחֲמִישִׁי֮ לָלֶכֶת֒ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ אֲבִ֣י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֗ה סְעָד־נָא֙ לְבָ֣בְךָ֔ וְהִֽתְמַהְמְה֖וּ עַד־נְט֣וֹת הַיּ֑וֹם וַיֹּאכְל֖וּ שְׁנֵיהֶֽם׃ # verse = JDG.19.8 1-2 וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:8!1|MId=o070190080011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם שָׁכַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.rose.early|Ref=JDG_19:8!1|MId=o070190080012|Strong=7925|Frame=A0:070190070022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-5 בַּבֹּ֜קֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_19:8!2|MId=o070190080021|Strong=0871a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_19:8!2|MId=o070190080021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 בֹּ֜קֶר בֹּקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=morning|Ref=JDG_19:8!2|MId=o070190080022|Strong=1242 6-8 בַּיּ֣וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JDG_19:8!3|MId=o070190080031|Strong=0871a 7 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_19:8!3|MId=o070190080031ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 יּ֣וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=JDG_19:8!3|MId=o070190080032|Strong=3117 9-10 הַחֲמִישִׁי֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JDG_19:8!4|MId=o070190080041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 חֲמִישִׁי֮ חֲמִישִׁי NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 nummod _ Gloss=fifth|Ref=JDG_19:8!4|MId=o070190080042|Strong=2549|Type=ordinal_number 11-12 לָלֶכֶת֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_19:8!5|MId=o070190080051|Strong=3807a 12 לֶכֶת֒ הלך VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=go|Ref=JDG_19:8!5|MId=o070190080052|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:070190070022;|Type=infinitive_construct 13-14 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:8!6|MId=o070190080061|Strong=2050b 14 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JDG_19:8!6|MId=o070190080062|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070190080071;|Type=wayyiqtol 15 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 14 punct _ Ref=JDG_19:8!6 16 אֲבִ֣י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ Gloss=the.father|Ref=JDG_19:8!7|MId=o070190080071|Strong=0001 17-18 הַֽנַּעֲרָ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_19:8!8|MId=o070190080081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 נַּעֲרָ֗ה נַעֲרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.young.woman|Ref=JDG_19:8!8|MId=o070190080082|Strong=5291 19 סְעָד־ סָעַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 14 ccomp _ Gloss=sustain|Ref=JDG_19:8!9|MId=o070190080091|Strong=5582|Frame=A0:070190070022;A1:070190080111;|Type=imperative|SpaceAfter=No 20 נָא֙ נָא INTJ _ _ 19 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=JDG_19:8!10|MId=o070190080101|Strong=4994|Type=exhortation 21-22 לְבָ֣בְךָ֔ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לְבָ֣ב לֵבָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obj _ Gloss=heart|Ref=JDG_19:8!11|MId=o070190080111|Strong=3824 22 ְךָ֔ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JDG_19:8!11|MId=o070190080112|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 23-24 וְהִֽתְמַהְמְה֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:8!12|MId=o070190080121|Strong=2050b 24 הִֽתְמַהְמְה֖וּ מָהַהּ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Plur|Person=2 19 conj _ Gloss=delay|Ref=JDG_19:8!12|MId=o070190080122|Strong=4102|Frame=A0:070190070022;070190080082;070190030102;|Type=imperative 25 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=JDG_19:8!13|MId=o070190080131|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 26 נְט֣וֹת נָטָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 24 advcl _ Gloss=declines|Ref=JDG_19:8!14|MId=o070190080141|Strong=5186|Frame=A0:070190080152;|Type=infinitive_construct 27-28 הַיּ֑וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_19:8!15|MId=o070190080151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 יּ֑וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ Gloss=day|Ref=JDG_19:8!15|MId=o070190080152|Strong=3117 29-30 וַיֹּאכְל֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:8!16|MId=o070190080161|Strong=2050b 30 יֹּאכְל֖וּ אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.ate|Ref=JDG_19:8!16|MId=o070190080162|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:070190080172;|Type=wayyiqtol 31-32 שְׁנֵיהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 שְׁנֵי שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 32 nummod _ Gloss=the.two|Ref=JDG_19:8!17|MId=o070190080171|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 32 הֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ Gloss=of.them|Ref=JDG_19:8!17|MId=o070190080172|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=JDG_19:8!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - hedged: yes (נָא) - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּשְׁכֵּם *he rose early* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | | | | | | לֶכֶת *go* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲבִי *the father* | | | | | סְעָד־ *sustain* | imperative · qal | | לְבָב *heart* | | | | הִֽתְמַהְמְהוּ *delay* | imperative · hithpael | נַּעֲרָה *the young woman* | | | | | נְטוֹת *declines* | infinitive construct · qal | יּוֹם *day* | | | | | יֹּאכְלוּ *they ate* | wayyiqtol · qal | הֶֽם *of them* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַקְדֵים בְּצַפְרָא בְּיוֹמָא חֲמִישָׁאָה לְמֵיזַל וַאֲמַר אֲבוּהָא דְעוּלֶמְתָּא סְעוֹד כְּעַן לִבָּךְ וְאִתְעַכְּבוּ עַד מִתְפְּנֵי יוֹמָא וַאֲכָלוּ תַּרְוֵיהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he arose early in the morning on the fifth day to depart; and the damsel's father said: 'Stay thy heart, I pray thee, and tarry ye until the day declineth'; and they did eat, both of them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.557/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:522`. - ← previous: [Judges 19:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.19.7/) - next →: [Judges 19:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.19.9/) - ↑ back to [Judges 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/19/)