--- title: Judges 19:9 — And when the man rose up to depart, he, and his concubine, and his s… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when the man rose up to depart, he, and his concubine, and his servant, his father-in-law, the damsel's father, said unto him: 'Behold, now the day draweth toward evening; tarry, I pray you, all night; behold, the day groweth to an end; lodge here, that thy heart may be merry; and to-morrow get --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.19.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/19/) / 19:9 # Judges 19:9 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** man, day, I, heart, thou · **What happens:** rise up, depart, say, draw, tarry, pray · **To what, where:** you, way · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 19:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man, day, I, heart, thou — and what happens in the verse to you, way, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּ֤קָם הָאִישׁ֙ לָלֶ֔כֶת ה֥וּא וּפִילַגְשׁ֖וֹ וְנַעֲר֑וֹ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֣וֹ חֹתְנ֣וֹ אֲבִ֣י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֡ה הִנֵּ֣ה נָא֩ רָפָ֨ה הַיּ֜וֹם לַעֲרֹ֗ב לִֽינוּ־נָ֞א הִנֵּ֨ה חֲנ֤וֹת הַיּוֹם֙ לִ֥ין פֹּה֙ וְיִיטַ֣ב לְבָבֶ֔ךָ וְהִשְׁכַּמְתֶּ֤ם מָחָר֙ לְדַרְכְּכֶ֔ם וְהָלַכְתָּ֖ לְאֹהָלֶֽךָ׃ [And when the man rose up to depart, he, and his concubine, and his servant, his father-in-law, the damsel's father, said unto him: 'Behold, now the day draweth toward evening; tarry, I pray you, all night; behold, the day groweth to an end; lodge here, that thy heart may be merry; and to-morrow get you early on your way, that thou mayest go home.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.558/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:523 # text = וַיָּ֤קָם הָאִישׁ֙ לָלֶ֔כֶת ה֥וּא וּפִילַגְשׁ֖וֹ וְנַעֲר֑וֹ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֣וֹ חֹתְנ֣וֹ אֲבִ֣י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֡ה הִנֵּ֣ה נָא֩ רָפָ֨ה הַיּ֜וֹם לַעֲרֹ֗ב לִֽינוּ־נָ֞א הִנֵּ֨ה חֲנ֤וֹת הַיּוֹם֙ לִ֥ין פֹּה֙ וְיִיטַ֣ב לְבָבֶ֔ךָ וְהִשְׁכַּמְתֶּ֤ם מָחָר֙ לְדַרְכְּכֶ֔ם וְהָלַכְתָּ֖ לְאֹהָלֶֽךָ׃ # verse = JDG.19.9 1-2 וַיָּ֤קָם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:9!1|MId=o070190090011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּ֤קָם קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.arose|Ref=JDG_19:9!1|MId=o070190090012|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:070190090022;070190090052;070190090062;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הָאִישׁ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_19:9!2|MId=o070190090021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 אִישׁ֙ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=man|Ref=JDG_19:9!2|MId=o070190090022|Strong=0376 5-6 לָלֶ֔כֶת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_19:9!3|MId=o070190090031|Strong=3807a 6 לֶ֔כֶת הלך VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=go|Ref=JDG_19:9!3|MId=o070190090032|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:070190090022;070190090052;070190090062;|Type=infinitive_construct 7 ה֥וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=he|Ref=JDG_19:9!4|MId=o070190090041|Strong=1931|Type=personal 8-10 וּפִילַגְשׁ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:9!5|MId=o070190090051|Strong=2050b 9 פִילַגְשׁ פִּלֶגֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=concubine|Ref=JDG_19:9!5|MId=o070190090052|Strong=6370 10 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_19:9!5|MId=o070190090053|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 11-13 וְנַעֲר֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:9!6|MId=o070190090061|Strong=2050b 12 נַעֲר נַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=servant|Ref=JDG_19:9!6|MId=o070190090062|Strong=5288 13 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_19:9!6|MId=o070190090063|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 14-15 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:9!7|MId=o070190090071|Strong=2050b 15 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JDG_19:9!7|MId=o070190090072|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070190090091;|Type=wayyiqtol 16-17 ל֣וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 ל לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_19:9!8|MId=o070190090081|Strong=3807a 17 ֣וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=JDG_19:9!8|MId=o070190090082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18-19 חֹתְנ֣וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 חֹתְנ חֹתֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Gloss=father-in-law|Ref=JDG_19:9!9|MId=o070190090091|Strong=2859a|Type=participle_active 19 ֣וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_19:9!9|MId=o070190090092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20 אֲבִ֣י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 appos _ Gloss=the.father|Ref=JDG_19:9!10|MId=o070190090101|Strong=0001 21-22 הַֽנַּעֲרָ֡ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_19:9!11|MId=o070190090111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 נַּעֲרָ֡ה נַעֲרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.young.woman|Ref=JDG_19:9!11|MId=o070190090112|Strong=5291 23 הִנֵּ֣ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 25 parataxis _ Gloss=here!|Ref=JDG_19:9!12|MId=o070190090121|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 24 נָא֩ נָא INTJ _ _ 23 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=JDG_19:9!13|MId=o070190090131|Strong=4994|Type=exhortation 25 רָפָ֨ה רָפָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 15 ccomp _ Gloss=it.is.sinking|Ref=JDG_19:9!14|MId=o070190090141|Strong=7503|Frame=A0:070190090152;|Type=qatal 26-27 הַיּ֜וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_19:9!15|MId=o070190090151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 יּ֜וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ Gloss=day|Ref=JDG_19:9!15|MId=o070190090152|Strong=3117 28-29 לַעֲרֹ֗ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_19:9!16|MId=o070190090161|Strong=3807a 29 עֲרֹ֗ב עָרַב VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 25 advcl _ Gloss=become.evening|Ref=JDG_19:9!16|MId=o070190090162|Strong=6150|Frame=A0:070190090152;|Type=infinitive_construct 30 לִֽינוּ־ לין VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 25 parataxis _ Gloss=spend.the.night|Ref=JDG_19:9!17|MId=o070190090171|Strong=3885a|Frame=A0:070190090022;070190090112;070190090062;|Type=imperative|SpaceAfter=No 31 נָ֞א נָא INTJ _ _ 30 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=JDG_19:9!18|MId=o070190090181|Strong=4994|Type=exhortation 32 הִנֵּ֨ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 33 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=JDG_19:9!19|MId=o070190090191|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 33 חֲנ֤וֹת חָנָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 25 parataxis _ Gloss=to.decline|Ref=JDG_19:9!20|MId=o070190090201|Strong=2583|Frame=A0:070190090212;|Type=infinitive_construct 34-35 הַיּוֹם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_19:9!21|MId=o070190090211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 יּוֹם֙ יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ Gloss=day|Ref=JDG_19:9!21|MId=o070190090212|Strong=3117 36 לִ֥ין לין VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 25 parataxis _ Gloss=spend.the.night|Ref=JDG_19:9!22|MId=o070190090221|Strong=3885a|Frame=A0:070190090022;|Type=imperative 37 פֹּה֙ פֹּה ADV _ _ 36 advmod _ Gloss=here|Ref=JDG_19:9!23|MId=o070190090231|Strong=6311 38-39 וְיִיטַ֣ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 39 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:9!24|MId=o070190090241|Strong=2050b 39 יִיטַ֣ב יָטַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 25 conj _ Gloss=let.it.be.good|Ref=JDG_19:9!24|MId=o070190090242|Strong=3190|Frame=A0:070190090251;|Type=yiqtol 40-41 לְבָבֶ֔ךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 לְבָב לֵבָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 39 nsubj _ Gloss=heart|Ref=JDG_19:9!25|MId=o070190090251|Strong=3824 41 ֶ֔ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 40 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JDG_19:9!25|MId=o070190090252|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 42-43 וְהִשְׁכַּמְתֶּ֤ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 43 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:9!26|MId=o070190090261|Strong=2050b 43 הִשְׁכַּמְתֶּ֤ם שָׁכַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 25 conj _ Gloss=you.will.rise.early|Ref=JDG_19:9!26|MId=o070190090262|Strong=7925|Frame=A0:070190090022;070190090112;070190090062;|Type=weqatal 44 מָחָר֙ מָחָר ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 43 advmod _ Gloss=tomorrow|Ref=JDG_19:9!27|MId=o070190090271|Strong=4279 45-47 לְדַרְכְּכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 45 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 46 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JDG_19:9!28|MId=o070190090281|Strong=3807a 46 דַרְכּ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 43 obl _ Gloss=journey|Ref=JDG_19:9!28|MId=o070190090282|Strong=1870 47 ְכֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 46 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JDG_19:9!28|MId=o070190090283|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 48-49 וְהָלַכְתָּ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 49 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_19:9!29|MId=o070190090291|Strong=2050b 49 הָלַכְתָּ֖ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 25 conj _ Gloss=you.will.go|Ref=JDG_19:9!29|MId=o070190090292|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:070190090022;|Type=weqatal 50-52 לְאֹהָלֶֽךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 51 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_19:9!30|MId=o070190090301|Strong=3807a 51 אֹהָל אֹהֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 49 obl _ Gloss=tent|Ref=JDG_19:9!30|MId=o070190090302|Strong=0168 52 ֶֽךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 51 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JDG_19:9!30|MId=o070190090303|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 53 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 52 punct _ Ref=JDG_19:9!30 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּקָם *he arose* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *man* + פִילַגְשׁ *concubine* + נַעֲר *servant* | | | | | לֶכֶת *go* | infinitive construct · qal | אִישׁ *man* + פִילַגְשׁ *concubine* + נַעֲר *servant* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | חֹתְנ *father-in-law* | | | | | רָפָה *it is sinking* | qatal · qal | יּוֹם *day* | | | | | עֲרֹב *become evening* | infinitive construct · qal | יּוֹם *day* | | | | | לִֽינוּ־ *spend the night* | imperative · qal | אִישׁ *man* + נַּעֲרָה *the young woman* + נַעֲר *servant* | | | | | חֲנוֹת *to decline* | infinitive construct · qal | יּוֹם *day* | | | | | לִין *spend the night* | imperative · qal | אִישׁ *man* | | | | | יִיטַב *let it be good* | yiqtol · qal | לְבָב *heart* | | | | | הִשְׁכַּמְתֶּם *you will rise early* | weqatal · hiphil | אִישׁ *man* + נַּעֲרָה *the young woman* + נַעֲר *servant* | | | | | הָלַכְתָּ *you will go* | weqatal · qal | אִישׁ *man* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְקָם גַבְרָא לְמֵיזַל הוּא וּלְחֵינָתֵיהּ וְעוּלֵימֵיהּ וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ חֲמוֹהִי אֲבוּהָא דְעוּלֶמְתָּא הָא כְעַן פְּנָא יוֹמָא לְמֶעֱרַב בִּיתוּ כְעַן הָכָא לְחוֹד יוֹמָא דֵין בִּית הָכָא וְיִשְׁפַּר לִבָּךְ וּתְקַדְמוּן מְחָר לְאוֹרְחַתְכוֹן וּתְהַךְ לְקִירְוָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when the man rose up to depart, he, and his concubine, and his servant, his father-in-law, the damsel's father, said unto him: 'Behold, now the day draweth toward evening; tarry, I pray you, all night; behold, the day groweth to an end; lodge here, that thy heart may be merry; and to-morrow get you early on your way, that thou mayest go home.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.558/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:523`. - ← previous: [Judges 19:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.19.8/) - next →: [Judges 19:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.19.10/) - ↑ back to [Judges 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/19/)