--- title: Judges 2:1 — And the angel of the LORD came up from Gilgal to Bochim. And he said… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the angel of the LORD came up from Gilgal to Bochim. And he said: '...I made you to go up out of Egypt, and have brought you unto the land which I swore unto your fathers; and I said: I will never break My covenant with you; Who acts: angel, I, you, My. Judges 2:1 in Hebrew with its dependency t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.2.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/2/) / 2:1 # Judges 2:1 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** angel, I, you, My · **What happens:** come up, say, make, go up, bring, swear · **To what, where:** Bochim, Gilgal, you, Egypt, land, covenant · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 2:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — angel, I, you, My — and what happens in the verse to Bochim, Gilgal, you, Egypt, land, covenant, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּ֧עַל מַלְאַךְ־יְהוָ֛ה מִן־הַגִּלְגָּ֖ל אֶל־הַבֹּכִ֑יםפ וַיֹּאמֶר֩ אַעֲלֶ֨ה אֶתְכֶ֜ם מִמִּצְרַ֗יִם וָאָבִ֤יא אֶתְכֶם֙ אֶל־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נִשְׁבַּ֙עְתִּי֙ לַאֲבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם וָאֹמַ֕ר לֹֽא־אָפֵ֧ר בְּרִיתִ֛י אִתְּכֶ֖ם לְעוֹלָֽם׃ [And the angel of the LORD came up from Gilgal to Bochim.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.37/) [And he said: '...I made you to go up out of Egypt, and have brought you unto the land which I swore unto your fathers; and I said: I will never break My covenant with you;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.38/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:36 # text = וַיַּ֧עַל מַלְאַךְ־יְהוָ֛ה מִן־הַגִּלְגָּ֖ל אֶל־הַבֹּכִ֑יםפ וַיֹּאמֶר֩ אַעֲלֶ֨ה אֶתְכֶ֜ם מִמִּצְרַ֗יִם וָאָבִ֤יא אֶתְכֶם֙ אֶל־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נִשְׁבַּ֙עְתִּי֙ לַאֲבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם וָאֹמַ֕ר לֹֽא־אָפֵ֧ר בְּרִיתִ֛י אִתְּכֶ֖ם לְעוֹלָֽם׃ # verse = JDG.2.1 1-2 וַיַּ֧עַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_2:1!1|MId=o070020010011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּ֧עַל עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.went.up|Ref=JDG_2:1!1|MId=o070020010012|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:070020010021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 מַלְאַךְ־ מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.angel|Ref=JDG_2:1!2|MId=o070020010021|Strong=4397|SpaceAfter=No 4 יְהוָ֛ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JDG_2:1!3|MId=o070020010031|Strong=3068 5 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JDG_2:1!4|MId=o070020010041|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 6-7 הַגִּלְגָּ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JDG_2:1!5|MId=o070020010051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 גִּלְגָּ֖ל גִּלְגָּל PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Gilgal|Ref=JDG_2:1!5|MId=o070020010052|Strong=1537 8 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_2:1!6|MId=o070020010061|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 הַבֹּכִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JDG_2:1!7|MId=o070020010071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 בֹּכִ֑ים בֹּכִים PROPN _ _ 7 conj _ Gloss=Bokim|Ref=JDG_2:1!7|MId=o070020010072|Strong=1066 11 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 10 punct _ Ref=JDG_2:1!7 12-13 וַיֹּאמֶר֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_2:1!8|MId=o070020010081|Strong=2050b 13 יֹּאמֶר֩ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JDG_2:1!8|MId=o070020010082|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070020010021;|Type=wayyiqtol 14 אַעֲלֶ֨ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 13 ccomp _ Gloss=I.brought.up|Ref=JDG_2:1!9|MId=o070020010091|Strong=5927|Frame=AA:070020010021;A0:070020010112;|Type=yiqtol 15-16 אֶתְכֶ֜ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 אֶת אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_2:1!10|MId=o070020010101|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 16 ְכֶ֜ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 obj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_2:1!10|MId=o070020010102|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 17-18 מִמִּצְרַ֗יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JDG_2:1!11|MId=o070020010111|Strong=4480 18 מִּצְרַ֗יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 14 obl _ Gloss=Egypt|Ref=JDG_2:1!11|MId=o070020010112|Strong=4714 19-20 וָאָבִ֤יא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_2:1!12|MId=o070020010121|Strong=2050b 20 אָבִ֤יא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I.brought|Ref=JDG_2:1!12|MId=o070020010122|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:070020010021;A0:070020010142;|Type=wayyiqtol 21-22 אֶתְכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 אֶת אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_2:1!13|MId=o070020010131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 22 ְכֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_2:1!13|MId=o070020010132|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 23 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=JDG_2:1!14|MId=o070020010141|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 24-25 הָאָ֗רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_2:1!15|MId=o070020010151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 אָ֗רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=JDG_2:1!15|MId=o070020010152|Strong=0776 26 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 27 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JDG_2:1!16|MId=o070020010161|Strong=0834|Type=relative 27 נִשְׁבַּ֙עְתִּי֙ שָׁבַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 25 acl:relcl _ Gloss=I.swore|Ref=JDG_2:1!17|MId=o070020010171|Strong=7650|Frame=A0:070020010021;A1:070020010162;|Type=qatal 28-30 לַאֲבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_2:1!18|MId=o070020010181|Strong=3807a 29 אֲבֹ֣תֵי אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 27 obl _ Gloss=ancestors|Ref=JDG_2:1!18|MId=o070020010182|Strong=0001 30 כֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JDG_2:1!18|MId=o070020010183|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 31-32 וָאֹמַ֕ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_2:1!19|MId=o070020010191|Strong=2050b 32 אֹמַ֕ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I.said|Ref=JDG_2:1!19|MId=o070020010192|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070020010021;|Type=wayyiqtol 33 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 34 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JDG_2:1!20|MId=o070020010201|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 34 אָפֵ֧ר פָּרַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 32 ccomp _ Gloss=I.will.break|Ref=JDG_2:1!21|MId=o070020010211|Strong=6565|Frame=AA:070020010021;A0:070020010231;|Type=yiqtol 35-36 בְּרִיתִ֛י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 בְּרִית בְּרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 34 obj _ Gloss=covenant|Ref=JDG_2:1!22|MId=o070020010221|Strong=1285 36 ִ֛י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JDG_2:1!22|MId=o070020010222|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 37-38 אִתְּכֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JDG_2:1!23|MId=o070020010231|Strong=0854 38 ְכֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 34 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_2:1!23|MId=o070020010232|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 39-40 לְעוֹלָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=forever|Ref=JDG_2:1!24|MId=o070020010241|Strong=3807a 40 עוֹלָֽם עוֹלָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 34 obl _ Gloss=of.perpetuity|Ref=JDG_2:1!24|MId=o070020010242|Strong=5769 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=JDG_2:1!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּעַל *he went up* | wayyiqtol · qal | מַלְאַךְ־ *the angel* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | מַלְאַךְ־ *the angel* | | | | | אַעֲלֶה *I brought up* | yiqtol · hiphil | מִּצְרַיִם *Egypt* | | | מַלְאַךְ־ *the angel* | | אָבִיא *I brought* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | | | | מַלְאַךְ־ *the angel* | | נִשְׁבַּעְתִּי *I swore* | qatal · niphal | מַלְאַךְ־ *the angel* | | | | | אֹמַר *I said* | wayyiqtol · qal | מַלְאַךְ־ *the angel* | | | | | **not** אָפֵר *I will break* | yiqtol · hiphil | אִתּ *with* | | | מַלְאַךְ־ *the angel* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּסְלִיק נְבִיָא בִּשְׁלִיחוּת מִן קֳדָם יְיָ מִן גִלְגְלָא לַבּוֹכִים וַאֲמַר אֲסֵקִית יַתְכוֹן מִמִצְרַיִם וְאַעֲלִית יַתְכוֹן לְאַרְעָא דִי קַיֵמִית לַאֲבָהַתְכוֹן וַאֲמַרִית לָא אַשְׁנֵי קְיָמַי עִמְכוֹן לְעֳלָם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the angel of the LORD came up from Gilgal to Bochim.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.37/) 2. [And he said: '...I made you to go up out of Egypt, and have brought you unto the land which I swore unto your fathers; and I said: I will never break My covenant with you;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.38/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:36`. - ← previous: [Judges 1:36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.1.36/) - next →: [Judges 2:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.2.2/) - ↑ back to [Judges 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/2/)