--- title: Judges 2:15 — Whithersoever they went out, the hand of the LORD was against them f… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Whithersoever they went out, the hand of the LORD was against them for evil, as the LORD had spoken, and as the LORD had sworn unto them; and they were sore distressed. Who acts: children, hand, LORD. Judges 2:15 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of eve --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.2.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/2/) / 2:15 # Judges 2:15 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** children, hand, LORD · **What happens:** go out, be, speak, swear · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 2:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — children, hand, LORD — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בְּכֹ֣ל ׀ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָצְא֗וּ יַד־יְהוָה֙ הָיְתָה־בָּ֣ם לְרָעָ֔ה כַּֽאֲשֶׁר֙ דִּבֶּ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה וְכַאֲשֶׁ֛ר נִשְׁבַּ֥ע יְהוָ֖ה לָהֶ֑ם וַיֵּ֥צֶר לָהֶ֖ם מְאֹֽד׃ [Whithersoever they went out, the hand of the LORD was against them for evil, as the LORD had spoken, and as the LORD had sworn unto them; and they were sore distressed.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.52/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:50 # text = בְּכֹ֣ל ׀ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָצְא֗וּ יַד־יְהוָה֙ הָיְתָה־בָּ֣ם לְרָעָ֔ה כַּֽאֲשֶׁר֙ דִּבֶּ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה וְכַאֲשֶׁ֛ר נִשְׁבַּ֥ע יְהוָ֖ה לָהֶ֑ם וַיֵּ֥צֶר לָהֶ֖ם מְאֹֽד׃ # verse = JDG.2.15 1-2 בְּכֹ֣ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_2:15!1|MId=o070020150011|Strong=0871a 2 כֹ֣ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=every|Ref=JDG_2:15!1|MId=o070020150012|Strong=3605 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=JDG_2:15!1 4 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=where|Ref=JDG_2:15!2|MId=o070020150021|Strong=0834|Type=relative 5 יָצְא֗וּ יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.went.out|Ref=JDG_2:15!3|MId=o070020150031|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:070020140042;|Type=qatal 6 יַד־ יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=JDG_2:15!4|MId=o070020150041|Strong=3027|SpaceAfter=No 7 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JDG_2:15!5|MId=o070020150051|Strong=3068 8 הָיְתָה־ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 cop _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=JDG_2:15!6|MId=o070020150061|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:070020150041;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 בָּ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JDG_2:15!7|MId=o070020150071|Strong=0871a 10 ָ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JDG_2:15!7|MId=o070020150072|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 11-12 לְרָעָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JDG_2:15!8|MId=o070020150081|Strong=3807a 12 רָעָ֔ה רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=harm|Ref=JDG_2:15!8|MId=o070020150082|Strong=7451b 13-14 כַּֽאֲשֶׁר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 כַּֽ כְּ ADP _ _ 12 obl _ Gloss=just|Ref=JDG_2:15!9|MId=o070020150091|Strong=3509a 14 אֲשֶׁר֙ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=as|Ref=JDG_2:15!9|MId=o070020150092|Strong=0834|Type=relative 15 דִּבֶּ֣ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 13 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.spoken|Ref=JDG_2:15!10|MId=o070020150101|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:070020150111;|Type=qatal 16 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 15 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JDG_2:15!11|MId=o070020150111|Strong=3068 17-19 וְכַאֲשֶׁ֛ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_2:15!12|MId=o070020150121|Strong=2050b 18 כַ כְּ ADP _ _ 13 conj _ Gloss=just|Ref=JDG_2:15!12|MId=o070020150122|Strong=3509a 19 אֲשֶׁ֛ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=as|Ref=JDG_2:15!12|MId=o070020150123|Strong=0834|Type=relative 20 נִשְׁבַּ֥ע שָׁבַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.sworn|Ref=JDG_2:15!13|MId=o070020150131|Strong=7650|Frame=A0:070020150141;|Type=qatal 21 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 20 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JDG_2:15!14|MId=o070020150141|Strong=3068 22-23 לָהֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 ל לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_2:15!15|MId=o070020150151|Strong=3807a 23 ָהֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JDG_2:15!15|MId=o070020150152|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 24-25 וַיֵּ֥צֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_2:15!16|MId=o070020150161|Strong=2050b 25 יֵּ֥צֶר צרר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 conj _ Gloss=it.was.distress|Ref=JDG_2:15!16|MId=o070020150162|Strong=6887|Frame=A0:;|Type=wayyiqtol 26-27 לָהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 ל לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_2:15!17|MId=o070020150171|Strong=3807a 27 ָהֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JDG_2:15!17|MId=o070020150172|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 28 מְאֹֽד מְאֹד ADV _ _ 25 advmod _ Gloss=exceedingly|Ref=JDG_2:15!18|MId=o070020150181|Strong=3966|SpaceAfter=No 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=JDG_2:15!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָצְאוּ *they went out* | qatal · qal | | | | | | הָיְתָה־ *it was* | qatal · qal | יַד־ *the hand* | | | | | דִּבֶּר *he had spoken* | qatal · piel | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | נִשְׁבַּע *he had sworn* | qatal · niphal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | יֵּצֶר *it was distress* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בְּכָל אֲתַר דִי נְפַקוּ מָחָא מִן קֳדָם יְיָ הֲוַת בְּהוֹן לְבִישָׁא כְּמָא דְמַלֵיל יְיָ וּכְמָא דְקַיֵם יְיָ לְהוֹן וְעָקַת לְהוֹן לַחֲדָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Whithersoever they went out, the hand of the LORD was against them for evil, as the LORD had spoken, and as the LORD had sworn unto them; and they were sore distressed.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.52/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:50`. - ← previous: [Judges 2:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.2.14/) - next →: [Judges 2:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.2.16/) - ↑ back to [Judges 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/2/)