--- title: Judges 2:3 — Wherefore I also said: I will not drive them out from before you; bu… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Wherefore I also said: I will not drive them out from before you; but they shall be unto you as snares, and their gods shall be a trap unto you.' Who acts: I, altars, gods. Judges 2:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.2.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/2/) / 2:3 # Judges 2:3 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** I, altars, gods · **What happens:** say, not drive out, be · **To what, where:** altars, trap · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 2:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, altars, gods — and what happens in the verse to altars, trap, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְגַ֣ם אָמַ֔רְתִּי לֹֽא־אֲגָרֵ֥שׁ אוֹתָ֖ם מִפְּנֵיכֶ֑ם וְהָי֤וּ לָכֶם֙ לְצִדִּ֔ים וֵאלֹ֣הֵיהֶ֔ם יִהְי֥וּ לָכֶ֖ם לְמוֹקֵֽשׁ׃ [Wherefore I also said: I will not drive them out from before you; but they shall be unto you as snares, and their gods shall be a trap unto you.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.40/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:38 # text = וְגַ֣ם אָמַ֔רְתִּי לֹֽא־אֲגָרֵ֥שׁ אוֹתָ֖ם מִפְּנֵיכֶ֑ם וְהָי֤וּ לָכֶם֙ לְצִדִּ֔ים וֵאלֹ֣הֵיהֶ֔ם יִהְי֥וּ לָכֶ֖ם לְמוֹקֵֽשׁ׃ # verse = JDG.2.3 1-2 וְגַ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_2:3!1|MId=o070020030011|Strong=2050b 2 גַ֣ם גַּם ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=JDG_2:3!1|MId=o070020030012|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 3 אָמַ֔רְתִּי אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.say|Ref=JDG_2:3!2|MId=o070020030021|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070020010021;|Type=qatal 4 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JDG_2:3!3|MId=o070020030031|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 5 אֲגָרֵ֥שׁ גָּרַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 ccomp _ Gloss=I.will.drive.out|Ref=JDG_2:3!4|MId=o070020030041|Strong=1644|Frame=A0:070020010021;A1:070020030052;|Type=yiqtol 6-7 אוֹתָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_2:3!5|MId=o070020030051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 7 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=JDG_2:3!5|MId=o070020030052|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 8-10 מִפְּנֵיכֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JDG_2:3!6|MId=o070020030061|Strong=4480 9 פְּנֵי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 5 obl _ Gloss=before|Ref=JDG_2:3!6|MId=o070020030062|Strong=6440 10 כֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_2:3!6|MId=o070020030063|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 11-12 וְהָי֤וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_2:3!7|MId=o070020030071|Strong=2050b 12 הָי֤וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 16 cop _ Gloss=they.will.become|Ref=JDG_2:3!7|MId=o070020030072|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:070020020052;|Type=weqatal 13-14 לָכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 ל לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JDG_2:3!8|MId=o070020030081|Strong=3807a 14 ָכֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_2:3!8|MId=o070020030082|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 15-16 לְצִדִּ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(into)|Ref=JDG_2:3!9|MId=o070020030091|Strong=3807a 16 צִדִּ֔ים צַד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 conj _ Gloss=sides|Ref=JDG_2:3!9|MId=o070020030092|Strong=6654 17-19 וֵאלֹ֣הֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וֵ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_2:3!10|MId=o070020030101|Strong=2050b 18 אלֹ֣הֵי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ Gloss=gods|Ref=JDG_2:3!10|MId=o070020030102|Strong=0430 19 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JDG_2:3!10|MId=o070020030103|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 20 יִהְי֥וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 24 cop _ Gloss=they.will.become|Ref=JDG_2:3!11|MId=o070020030111|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:070020030102;|Type=yiqtol 21-22 לָכֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 ל לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JDG_2:3!12|MId=o070020030121|Strong=3807a 22 ָכֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 24 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_2:3!12|MId=o070020030122|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 23-24 לְמוֹקֵֽשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=(into).a|Ref=JDG_2:3!13|MId=o070020030131|Strong=3807a 24 מוֹקֵֽשׁ מוֹקֵשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=snare|Ref=JDG_2:3!13|MId=o070020030132|Strong=4170 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=JDG_2:3!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַרְתִּי *I say* | qatal · qal | | | | | | **not** אֲגָרֵשׁ *I will drive out* | yiqtol · piel | | ָם *them* | | | | הָיוּ *they will become* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | יִהְיוּ *they will become* | yiqtol · qal | אלֹהֵי *gods* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַף אַמְרֵית לָא אֲתָרֵיךְ יַתְהוֹן מִן קֳדָמֵיכוֹן וִיהוֹן לְכוֹן לִמְעִיקִין וְטַעֲוַתְהוֹן יְהוֹן לְכוֹן לְתַקָלָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Wherefore I also said: I will not drive them out from before you; but they shall be unto you as snares, and their gods shall be a trap unto you.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.40/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:38`. - ← previous: [Judges 2:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.2.2/) - next →: [Judges 2:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.2.4/) - ↑ back to [Judges 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/2/)