--- title: Judges 20:13 — Now therefore deliver up the men, the base fellows that are in Gibea… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now therefore deliver up the men, the base fellows that are in Gibeah, that we may put them to death, and put away evil from Israel.' But the children of Benjamin would not hearken to the voice of their brethren the children of Israel. Who acts: you, base fellows, we, children. Judges 20:13 in Hebre --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.20.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/20/) / 20:13 # Judges 20:13 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** you, base fellows, we, children · **What happens:** deliver up, be, put, put away, not hearken · **To what, where:** men, Gibeah, fellows, evil, Israel, children This is Judges 20:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, base fellows, we, children — and what happens in the verse to men, Gibeah, fellows, evil, Israel, children, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעַתָּ֡ה תְּנוּ֩ אֶת־הָאֲנָשִׁ֨ים בְּנֵֽי־בְלִיַּ֜עַל אֲשֶׁ֤ר בַּגִּבְעָה֙ וּנְמִיתֵ֔ם וּנְבַעֲרָ֥ה רָעָ֖ה מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹ֤א אָבוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣יבִּנְיָמִ֔ן לִשְׁמֹ֕עַ בְּק֖וֹל אֲחֵיהֶ֥ם בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [Now therefore deliver up the men, the base fellows that are in Gibeah, that we may put them to death, and put away evil from Israel.' But the children of Benjamin would not hearken to the voice of their brethren the children of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.592/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:557 # text = וְעַתָּ֡ה תְּנוּ֩ אֶת־הָאֲנָשִׁ֨ים בְּנֵֽי־בְלִיַּ֜עַל אֲשֶׁ֤ר בַּגִּבְעָה֙ וּנְמִיתֵ֔ם וּנְבַעֲרָ֥ה רָעָ֖ה מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹ֤א אָבוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣יבִּנְיָמִ֔ן לִשְׁמֹ֕עַ בְּק֖וֹל אֲחֵיהֶ֥ם בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ # verse = JDG.20.13 1-2 וְעַתָּ֡ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_20:13!1|MId=o070200130011|Strong=2050b 2 עַתָּ֡ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=JDG_20:13!1|MId=o070200130012|Strong=6258 3 תְּנוּ֩ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 parataxis _ Gloss=give.up|Ref=JDG_20:13!2|MId=o070200130021|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:070200120061;A1:070200130042;|Type=imperative 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_20:13!3|MId=o070200130031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 הָאֲנָשִׁ֨ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_20:13!4|MId=o070200130041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 אֲנָשִׁ֨ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 obj _ Gloss=men|Ref=JDG_20:13!4|MId=o070200130042|Strong=0376 7 בְּנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 appos _ Gloss=sons|Ref=JDG_20:13!5|MId=o070200130051|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 8 בְלִיַּ֜עַל בְּלִיַּעַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.worthlessness|Ref=JDG_20:13!6|MId=o070200130061|Strong=1100 9 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=JDG_20:13!7|MId=o070200130071|Strong=0834|Type=relative 10-12 בַּגִּבְעָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=[are].in|Ref=JDG_20:13!8|MId=o070200130081|Strong=0871a 11 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JDG_20:13!8|MId=o070200130081ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 גִּבְעָה֙ גִּבְעָה PROPN _ _ 6 acl:relcl _ Gloss=Gibeah|Ref=JDG_20:13!8|MId=o070200130082|Strong=1390 13-15 וּנְמִיתֵ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=so|Ref=JDG_20:13!9|MId=o070200130091|Strong=2050b 14 נְמִית מוּת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=that|Ref=JDG_20:13!9|MId=o070200130092|Strong=4191|Frame=AA:070200120021;A0:070200130093;|Type=cohortative 15 ֵ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 obj _ Gloss=we.may.put.them.to.death|Ref=JDG_20:13!9|MId=o070200130093|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 16-17 וּנְבַעֲרָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_20:13!10|MId=o070200130101|Strong=2050b 17 נְבַעֲרָ֥ה בָּעַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=so.that.we.may.remove|Ref=JDG_20:13!10|MId=o070200130102|Strong=1197a|Frame=A0:070200120021;A1:070200130111;|Type=cohortative 18 רָעָ֖ה רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 obj _ Gloss=evil|Ref=JDG_20:13!11|MId=o070200130111|Strong=7451b 19-20 מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֑ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JDG_20:13!12|MId=o070200130121|Strong=4480 20 יִּשְׂרָאֵ֑ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 17 obl _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=JDG_20:13!12|MId=o070200130122|Strong=3478 21-22 וְלֹ֤א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_20:13!13|MId=o070200130131|Strong=2050b 22 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JDG_20:13!13|MId=o070200130132|Strong=3808|Type=negative 23 אָבוּ֙ אָבָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.were.willing|Ref=JDG_20:13!14|MId=o070200130141|Strong=0014|Frame=A0:070200130161;|Type=qatal 24-25 בְּנֵ֣יבִּנְיָמִ֔ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בְּנֵ֣י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ Gloss=the.descendants|Ref=JDG_20:13!15|MId=o070200130151|Strong=1121 25 בִּנְיָמִ֔ן בִּנְיָמִן PROPN _ _ 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Benjamin|Ref=JDG_20:13!16|MId=o070200130161|Strong=1144 26-27 לִשְׁמֹ֕עַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_20:13!17|MId=o070200130171|Strong=3807a 27 שְׁמֹ֕עַ שָׁמַע VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 23 xcomp _ Gloss=listen|Ref=JDG_20:13!17|MId=o070200130172|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:070200130161;|Type=infinitive_construct 28-29 בְּק֖וֹל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_20:13!18|MId=o070200130181|Strong=0871a 29 ק֖וֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=the.voice|Ref=JDG_20:13!18|MId=o070200130182|Strong=6963 30-31 אֲחֵיהֶ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 אֲחֵי אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=their.brothers|Ref=JDG_20:13!19|MId=o070200130191|Strong=0251 31 הֶ֥ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JDG_20:13!19|MId=o070200130192|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 32 בְּנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 30 appos _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=JDG_20:13!20|MId=o070200130201|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 33 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=JDG_20:13!21|MId=o070200130211|Strong=3478|SpaceAfter=No 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=JDG_20:13!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תְּנוּ *give up* | imperative · qal | | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | נְמִית *that* | cohortative · hiphil | ֵם *we may put them to death* | | | | | נְבַעֲרָה *so that we may remove* | cohortative · piel | | רָעָה *evil* | | | | **not** אָבוּ *they were willing* | qatal · qal | בִּנְיָמִן *of Benjamin* | | | | | שְׁמֹעַ *listen* | infinitive construct · qal | בִּנְיָמִן *of Benjamin* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּכְעַן אַיְתוּ יַת גַּבְרַיָא בְּנֵי רִשְׁעָא דִי בְגִבְעָתָא וְנִקְטְלִינוּן וּנְפַלֵי עָבְדֵי בִּישְׁתָא מִיִשְׂרָאֵל וְלָא אָבוּ בְנֵי בִּנְיָמִין לְקַבָּלָא לִמֵימַר אֲחוּהוֹן בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now therefore deliver up the men, the base fellows that are in Gibeah, that we may put them to death, and put away evil from Israel.' But the children of Benjamin would not hearken to the voice of their brethren the children of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.592/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:557`. - ← previous: [Judges 20:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.20.12/) - next →: [Judges 20:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.20.14/) - ↑ back to [Judges 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/20/)