--- title: Judges 20:28 — and Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron, stood before it… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron, stood before it in those days — saying: 'Shall I yet again go out to battle against the children of Benjamin my brother, or shall I cease?' And the LORD said: 'Go up; for to-morrow I will deliver him into thy hand.' Who acts: Phinehas, I, LORD. Jud --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.20.28/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/20/) / 20:28 # Judges 20:28 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** Phinehas, I, LORD · **What happens:** stand, say, go out, cease, go up, deliver · **To what, where:** ark, LORD, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 20:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Phinehas, I, LORD — and what happens in the verse to ark, LORD, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּ֠פִינְחָס בֶּן־אֶלְעָזָ֨ר בֶּֽן־אַהֲרֹ֜ן עֹמֵ֣ד ׀ לְפָנָ֗יו בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵם֮ לֵאמֹר֒ הַאוֹסִ֨ף ע֜וֹד לָצֵ֧את לַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה עִם־בְּנֵֽי־בִנְיָמִ֥ן אָחִ֖י אִם־אֶחְדָּ֑ל וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ עֲל֔וּ כִּ֥י מָחָ֖ר אֶתְּנֶ֥נּוּ בְיָדֶֽךָ׃ [and Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron, stood before it in those days — saying: 'Shall I yet again go out to battle against the children of Benjamin my brother, or shall I cease?' And the LORD said: 'Go up; for to-morrow I will deliver him into thy hand.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.607/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:572 # text = וּ֠פִינְחָס בֶּן־אֶלְעָזָ֨ר בֶּֽן־אַהֲרֹ֜ן עֹמֵ֣ד ׀ לְפָנָ֗יו בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵם֮ לֵאמֹר֒ הַאוֹסִ֨ף ע֜וֹד לָצֵ֧את לַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה עִם־בְּנֵֽי־בִנְיָמִ֥ן אָחִ֖י אִם־אֶחְדָּ֑ל וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ עֲל֔וּ כִּ֥י מָחָ֖ר אֶתְּנֶ֥נּוּ בְיָדֶֽךָ׃ # verse = JDG.20.28 1-2 וּ֠פִינְחָס _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_20:28!1|MId=o070200280011|Strong=2050b 2 פִינְחָס פִּינְחָס PROPN _ _ 7 nsubj _ Gloss=Phinehas|Ref=JDG_20:28!1|MId=o070200280012|Strong=6372 3 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=JDG_20:28!2|MId=o070200280021|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 4 אֶלְעָזָ֨ר אֶלְעָזָר PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Eleazar|Ref=JDG_20:28!3|MId=o070200280031|Strong=0499 5 בֶּֽן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=JDG_20:28!4|MId=o070200280041|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 6 אַהֲרֹ֜ן אַהֲרֹן PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Aaron|Ref=JDG_20:28!5|MId=o070200280051|Strong=0175 7 עֹמֵ֣ד עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[was].standing|Ref=JDG_20:28!6|MId=o070200280061|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:070200280012;|Type=participle_active 8 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 7 punct _ Ref=JDG_20:28!6 9-11 לְפָנָ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=JDG_20:28!7|MId=o070200280071|Strong=3807a 10 פָנָ֗י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 7 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_20:28!7|MId=o070200280072|Strong=6440 11 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=it|Ref=JDG_20:28!7|MId=o070200280073|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 12-14 בַּיָּמִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_20:28!8|MId=o070200280081|Strong=0871a 13 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_20:28!8|MId=o070200280081ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 יָּמִ֣ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 obl _ Gloss=days|Ref=JDG_20:28!8|MId=o070200280082|Strong=3117 15-16 הָהֵם֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JDG_20:28!9|MId=o070200280091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 הֵם֮ הֵם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 det _ Gloss=those|Ref=JDG_20:28!9|MId=o070200280092|Strong=1992|Type=personal 17-18 לֵאמֹר֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 20 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=JDG_20:28!10|MId=o070200280101|Strong=3807a 18 אמֹר֒ אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 17 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_20:28!10|MId=o070200280102|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070200270021;|Type=infinitive_construct 19-20 הַאוֹסִ֨ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הֲ PART _ _ 20 advmod _ Gloss=will|Ref=JDG_20:28!11|MId=o070200280111|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 20 אוֹסִ֨ף יָסַף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 7 advcl _ Gloss=I.repeat?|Ref=JDG_20:28!11|MId=o070200280112|Strong=3254|Frame=A0:070200270021;|Type=yiqtol 21 ע֜וֹד עוֹד ADV _ _ 20 advmod _ Gloss=again|Ref=JDG_20:28!12|MId=o070200280121|Strong=5750 22-23 לָצֵ֧את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_20:28!13|MId=o070200280131|Strong=3807a 23 צֵ֧את יָצָא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 20 xcomp _ Gloss=go.out|Ref=JDG_20:28!13|MId=o070200280132|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:070200270021;|Type=infinitive_construct 24-26 לַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JDG_20:28!14|MId=o070200280141|Strong=3807a 25 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JDG_20:28!14|MId=o070200280141ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 מִּלְחָמָ֛ה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=battle|Ref=JDG_20:28!14|MId=o070200280142|Strong=4421 27 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JDG_20:28!15|MId=o070200280151|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 28 בְּנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 obl _ Gloss=the.descendants|Ref=JDG_20:28!16|MId=o070200280161|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 29 בִנְיָמִ֥ן בִּנְיָמִן PROPN _ _ 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Benjamin|Ref=JDG_20:28!17|MId=o070200280171|Strong=1144 30-31 אָחִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 אָח אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 appos _ Gloss=brother|Ref=JDG_20:28!18|MId=o070200280181|Strong=0251 31 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JDG_20:28!18|MId=o070200280182|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 32 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 33 mark _ Gloss=or?|Ref=JDG_20:28!19|MId=o070200280191|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 33 אֶחְדָּ֑ל חָדַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 20 parataxis _ Gloss=will.I.cease|Ref=JDG_20:28!20|MId=o070200280201|Strong=2308|Frame=A0:070200270021;|Type=yiqtol 34-35 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_20:28!21|MId=o070200280211|Strong=2050b 35 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JDG_20:28!21|MId=o070200280212|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070200280221;|Type=wayyiqtol 36 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 35 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JDG_20:28!22|MId=o070200280221|Strong=3068 37 עֲל֔וּ עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 35 ccomp _ Gloss=go.up|Ref=JDG_20:28!23|MId=o070200280231|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:070200270021;|Type=imperative 38 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 40 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JDG_20:28!24|MId=o070200280241|Strong=3588 39 מָחָ֖ר מָחָר ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 40 advmod _ Gloss=tomorrow|Ref=JDG_20:28!25|MId=o070200280251|Strong=4279 40-41 אֶתְּנֶ֥נּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 אֶתְּנ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 37 advcl _ Gloss=I|Ref=JDG_20:28!26|MId=o070200280261|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:070200280221;A1:070200280262;|Type=yiqtol 41 ֶ֥נּוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 obj _ Gloss=will.give.him|Ref=JDG_20:28!26|MId=o070200280262|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 42-44 בְיָדֶֽךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 43 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_20:28!27|MId=o070200280271|Strong=0871a 43 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 40 obl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=JDG_20:28!27|MId=o070200280272|Strong=3027 44 ֶֽךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JDG_20:28!27|MId=o070200280273|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 45 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 44 punct _ Ref=JDG_20:28!27 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עֹמֵד *\[was\] standing* | participle active · qal | פִינְחָס *Phinehas* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | אוֹסִף *I repeat?* | yiqtol · hiphil | | | | | | צֵאת *go out* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | אֶחְדָּל *will I cease* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | עֲלוּ *go up* | imperative · qal | | | | | | אֶתְּנ *I* | yiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | ֶנּוּ *will give him* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּפִינְחָס בַּר אֶלְעָזָר בַּר אַהֲרֹן קָאִים קֳדָמוֹהִי בְּיוֹמַיָא הָאִנוּן לְמֵימָר הַאוֹסֵף עוֹד לְמִפַּק לְאַגָחָא קְרָבָא עִם בְּנֵי בִּנְיָמִין אָחִי אִם אִתְמְנַע וַאֲמַר יְיָ סַקוּ אֲרֵי מְחָר אֶמְסָרִינוּן בִּידָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron, stood before it in those days — saying: 'Shall I yet again go out to battle against the children of Benjamin my brother, or shall I cease?' And the LORD said: 'Go up; for to-morrow I will deliver him into thy hand.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.607/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:572`. - ← previous: [Judges 20:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.20.27/) - next →: [Judges 20:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.20.29/) - ↑ back to [Judges 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/20/)