--- title: Judges 20:5 — And the men of Gibeah rose against me, and beset the house round abo… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the men of Gibeah rose against me, and beset the house round about upon me by night; me they thought to have slain, and my concubine they forced, and she is dead. Who acts: men, children, Gibeah. Judges 20:5 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of ever --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.20.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/20/) / 20:5 # Judges 20:5 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** men, children, Gibeah · **What happens:** rise, beset, think, slay, force, be · **To what, where:** house, me, concubine This is Judges 20:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, children, Gibeah — and what happens in the verse to house, me, concubine, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּקֻ֤מוּ עָלַי֙ בַּעֲלֵ֣י הַגִּבְעָ֔ה וַיָּסֹ֧בּוּ עָלַ֛י אֶת־הַבַּ֖יִת לָ֑יְלָה אוֹתִי֙ דִּמּ֣וּ לַהֲרֹ֔ג וְאֶת־פִּילַגְשִׁ֥י עִנּ֖וּ וַתָּמֹֽת׃ [And the men of Gibeah rose against me, and beset the house round about upon me by night; me they thought to have slain, and my concubine they forced, and she is dead.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.584/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:549 # text = וַיָּקֻ֤מוּ עָלַי֙ בַּעֲלֵ֣י הַגִּבְעָ֔ה וַיָּסֹ֧בּוּ עָלַ֛י אֶת־הַבַּ֖יִת לָ֑יְלָה אוֹתִי֙ דִּמּ֣וּ לַהֲרֹ֔ג וְאֶת־פִּילַגְשִׁ֥י עִנּ֖וּ וַתָּמֹֽת׃ # verse = JDG.20.5 1-2 וַיָּקֻ֤מוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_20:5!1|MId=o070200050011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּקֻ֤מוּ קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.rose.up|Ref=JDG_20:5!1|MId=o070200050012|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:070200050031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 עָלַי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 עָל עַל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JDG_20:5!2|MId=o070200050021|Strong=5921 4 ַי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=JDG_20:5!2|MId=o070200050022|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 5 בַּעֲלֵ֣י בַּעַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.citizens|Ref=JDG_20:5!3|MId=o070200050031|Strong=1167 6-7 הַגִּבְעָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=JDG_20:5!4|MId=o070200050041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 גִּבְעָ֔ה גִּבְעָה PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Gibeah|Ref=JDG_20:5!4|MId=o070200050042|Strong=1390 8-9 וַיָּסֹ֧בּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_20:5!5|MId=o070200050051|Strong=2050b 9 יָּסֹ֧בּוּ סָבַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.surrounded|Ref=JDG_20:5!5|MId=o070200050052|Strong=5437|Frame=A0:070200050031;A1:070200050082;|Type=wayyiqtol 10-11 עָלַ֛י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 עָל עַל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JDG_20:5!6|MId=o070200050061|Strong=5921 11 ַ֛י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=JDG_20:5!6|MId=o070200050062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 12 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_20:5!7|MId=o070200050071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 13-14 הַבַּ֖יִת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_20:5!8|MId=o070200050081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 בַּ֖יִת בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=house|Ref=JDG_20:5!8|MId=o070200050082|Strong=1004 15 לָ֑יְלָה לַיְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=night|Ref=JDG_20:5!9|MId=o070200050091|Strong=3915 16-17 אוֹתִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_20:5!10|MId=o070200050101|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 17 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ Gloss=me|Ref=JDG_20:5!10|MId=o070200050102|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 18 דִּמּ֣וּ דָּמָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they.intended|Ref=JDG_20:5!11|MId=o070200050111|Strong=1819|Frame=A0:070200050031;|Type=qatal 19-20 לַהֲרֹ֔ג _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_20:5!12|MId=o070200050121|Strong=3807a 20 הֲרֹ֔ג הָרַג VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 18 advcl _ Gloss=kill|Ref=JDG_20:5!12|MId=o070200050122|Strong=2026|Frame=A0:070200050031;A1:070200050102;|Type=infinitive_construct 21-22 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_20:5!13|MId=o070200050131|Strong=2050b 22 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_20:5!13|MId=o070200050132|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 23-24 פִּילַגְשִׁ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 פִּילַגְשׁ פִּלֶגֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 25 obj _ Gloss=concubine|Ref=JDG_20:5!14|MId=o070200050141|Strong=6370 24 ִ֥י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JDG_20:5!14|MId=o070200050142|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 25 עִנּ֖וּ עָנָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.abused|Ref=JDG_20:5!15|MId=o070200050151|Strong=6031|Frame=A0:070200050031;A1:070200050141;|Type=qatal 26-27 וַתָּמֹֽת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_20:5!16|MId=o070200050161|Strong=2050b 27 תָּמֹֽת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she.died|Ref=JDG_20:5!16|MId=o070200050162|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:070200050141;|Type=wayyiqtol 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=JDG_20:5!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּקֻמוּ *they rose up* | wayyiqtol · qal | בַּעֲלֵי *the citizens* | | | | | יָּסֹבּוּ *they surrounded* | wayyiqtol · qal | בַּעֲלֵי *the citizens* | בַּיִת *house* | | | | דִּמּוּ *they intended* | qatal · piel | בַּעֲלֵי *the citizens* | | | | | הֲרֹג *kill* | infinitive construct · qal | בַּעֲלֵי *the citizens* | ִי *me* | | | | עִנּוּ *they abused* | qatal · piel | בַּעֲלֵי *the citizens* | פִּילַגְשׁ *concubine* | | | | תָּמֹֽת *she died* | wayyiqtol · qal | פִּילַגְשׁ *concubine* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְקָמוּ עֲלַי יַתְבֵי גִבְעָתָא וְאַקִיפוּ עֲלַי יַת בֵּיתָא בְּלֵילְיָא עָלַי חֲשִׁיבוּ לְמִקְטַל וְיַת לְחֵינָתִי עַנְיוּהָא וּמִיתַת: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the men of Gibeah rose against me, and beset the house round about upon me by night; me they thought to have slain, and my concubine they forced, and she is dead.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.584/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:549`. - ← previous: [Judges 20:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.20.4/) - next →: [Judges 20:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.20.6/) - ↑ back to [Judges 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/20/)