--- title: Judges 21:10 — And the congregation sent thither twelve thousand men of the valiant… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the congregation sent thither twelve thousand men of the valiantest, and commanded them, saying: 'Go and smite the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead with the edge of the sword, with the women and the little ones. Who acts: congregation. Judges 21:10 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.21.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/21/) / 21:10 # Judges 21:10 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** congregation · **What happens:** send, command, say, go, smite · **To what, where:** thousand men, men, inhabitants · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 21:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — congregation — and what happens in the verse to thousand men, men, inhabitants, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשְׁלְחוּ־שָׁ֣ם הָעֵדָ֗ה שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂ֥ר אֶ֛לֶף אִ֖ישׁ מִבְּנֵ֣י הֶחָ֑יִל וַיְצַוּ֨וּ אוֹתָ֜ם לֵאמֹ֗ר לְ֠כוּ וְהִכִּיתֶ֞ם אֶת־יוֹשְׁבֵ֨י יָבֵ֤שׁ גִּלְעָד֙ יָבֵ֤שׁ גִּלְעָד֙ לְפִי־חֶ֔רֶב וְהַנָּשִׁ֖ים וְהַטָּֽף׃ [And the congregation sent thither twelve thousand men of the valiantest, and commanded them, saying: 'Go and smite the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead with the edge of the sword, with the women and the little ones.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.638/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:602 # text = וַיִּשְׁלְחוּ־שָׁ֣ם הָעֵדָ֗ה שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂ֥ר אֶ֛לֶף אִ֖ישׁ מִבְּנֵ֣י הֶחָ֑יִל וַיְצַוּ֨וּ אוֹתָ֜ם לֵאמֹ֗ר לְ֠כוּ וְהִכִּיתֶ֞ם אֶת־יוֹשְׁבֵ֨י יָבֵ֤שׁ גִּלְעָד֙ יָבֵ֤שׁ גִּלְעָד֙ לְפִי־חֶ֔רֶב וְהַנָּשִׁ֖ים וְהַטָּֽף׃ # verse = JDG.21.10 1-2 וַיִּשְׁלְחוּ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_21:10!1|MId=o070210100011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁלְחוּ־ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.sent|Ref=JDG_21:10!1|MId=o070210100012|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:070210100032;A1:070210100071;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שָׁ֣ם שָׁם ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=there|Ref=JDG_21:10!2|MId=o070210100021|Strong=8033 4-5 הָעֵדָ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_21:10!3|MId=o070210100031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 עֵדָ֗ה עֵדָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=congregation|Ref=JDG_21:10!3|MId=o070210100032|Strong=5712 6 שְׁנֵים־ שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 9 nummod _ Gloss=two.plus|Ref=JDG_21:10!4|MId=o070210100041|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number|SpaceAfter=No 7 עָשָׂ֥ר עָשָׂר NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 flat _ Gloss=ten|Ref=JDG_21:10!5|MId=o070210100051|Strong=6240|Type=cardinal_number 8 אֶ֛לֶף אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Sing 6 flat _ Gloss=thousand|Ref=JDG_21:10!6|MId=o070210100061|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 9 אִ֖ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=man|Ref=JDG_21:10!7|MId=o070210100071|Strong=0376 10-11 מִבְּנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_21:10!8|MId=o070210100081|Strong=4480 11 בְּנֵ֣י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 nmod _ Gloss=the.sons|Ref=JDG_21:10!8|MId=o070210100082|Strong=1121 12-13 הֶחָ֑יִל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הֶ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=JDG_21:10!9|MId=o070210100091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 חָ֑יִל חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=strength|Ref=JDG_21:10!9|MId=o070210100092|Strong=2428 14-15 וַיְצַוּ֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_21:10!10|MId=o070210100101|Strong=2050b 15 יְצַוּ֨וּ צָוָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.commanded|Ref=JDG_21:10!10|MId=o070210100102|Strong=6680|Frame=A0:070210100032;A1:070210100112;|Type=wayyiqtol 16-17 אוֹתָ֜ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_21:10!11|MId=o070210100111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 17 ָ֜ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=JDG_21:10!11|MId=o070210100112|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 18-19 לֵאמֹ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 20 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=JDG_21:10!12|MId=o070210100121|Strong=3807a 19 אמֹ֗ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 18 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_21:10!12|MId=o070210100122|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070210100032;|Type=infinitive_construct 20 לְ֠כוּ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 15 ccomp _ Gloss=go|Ref=JDG_21:10!13|MId=o070210100131|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:070210100071;|Type=imperative 21-22 וְהִכִּיתֶ֞ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_21:10!14|MId=o070210100141|Strong=2050b 22 הִכִּיתֶ֞ם נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 20 conj _ Gloss=you.will.strike.down|Ref=JDG_21:10!14|MId=o070210100142|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:070210100071;A0:070210100161;070210100203;070210100213;|Type=qatal 23 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_21:10!15|MId=o070210100151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 24 יוֹשְׁבֵ֨י יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 22 obj _ Gloss=the.inhabitants|Ref=JDG_21:10!16|MId=o070210100161|Strong=3427|Type=participle_active 25 יָבֵ֤שׁ יָבֵישׁ PROPN _ _ 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_21:10!17|MId=o070210100171 26 גִּלְעָד֙ _ PROPN _ _ 25 flat:name _ Ref=JDG_21:10!17 27 יָבֵ֤שׁ גִּלְעָד PROPN _ _ 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Jabesh.Gilead|Ref=JDG_21:10!18|MId=o070210100181 28 גִּלְעָד֙ _ PROPN _ _ 27 flat:name _ Ref=JDG_21:10!18 29-30 לְפִי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=to.[the]|Ref=JDG_21:10!19|MId=o070210100191|Strong=3807a 30 פִי־ פֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=mouth|Ref=JDG_21:10!19|MId=o070210100192|Strong=6310 31 חֶ֔רֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].sword|Ref=JDG_21:10!20|MId=o070210100201|Strong=2719 32-34 וְהַנָּשִׁ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_21:10!21|MId=o070210100211|Strong=2050b 33 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_21:10!21|MId=o070210100212|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 נָּשִׁ֖ים אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 22 conj _ Gloss=women|Ref=JDG_21:10!21|MId=o070210100213|Strong=0802 35-37 וְהַטָּֽף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 37 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_21:10!22|MId=o070210100221|Strong=2050b 36 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 37 det _ Gloss=the.little|Ref=JDG_21:10!22|MId=o070210100222|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 37 טָּֽף טַף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 34 conj _ Gloss=one[s]|Ref=JDG_21:10!22|MId=o070210100223|Strong=2945 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=JDG_21:10!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁלְחוּ־ *they sent* | wayyiqtol · qal | עֵדָה *congregation* | אִישׁ *man* | | | | יְצַוּוּ *they commanded* | wayyiqtol · piel | עֵדָה *congregation* | ָם *them* | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | עֵדָה *congregation* | | | | | לְכוּ *go* | imperative · qal | אִישׁ *man* | | | | | הִכִּיתֶם *you will strike down* | qatal · hiphil | יוֹשְׁבֵי *the inhabitants* + נָּשִׁים *women* | | | אִישׁ *man* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּשְׁלַחוּ תַמָן כְּנִשְׁתָּא תְּרֵי עֲסַר אַלְפִין גַבְרָא מְזָרְזֵי חֵילָא וּפַקִידוּ יַתְהוֹן לְמֵימָר אֱזִילוּ וְתִמְחוּן יַת יַתְבֵי יָבֵשׁ גִלְעָד לְפִתְגַם דְחָרֶב וּנְשַׁיָא וְטַפְלָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the congregation sent thither twelve thousand men of the valiantest, and commanded them, saying: 'Go and smite the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead with the edge of the sword, with the women and the little ones.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.638/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:602`. - ← previous: [Judges 21:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.21.9/) - next →: [Judges 21:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.21.11/) - ↑ back to [Judges 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/21/)