--- title: Judges 21:8 — And they said: 'What one is there of the tribes of Israel that came… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And they said: 'What one is there of the tribes of Israel that came not up unto the LORD to Mizpah?' And, behold, there came none to the camp from Jabesh-gilead to the assembly. Who acts: people, one, none. Judges 21:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.21.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/21/) / 21:8 # Judges 21:8 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** people, one, none · **What happens:** say, not come up, come · **To what, where:** Mizpah, Jabesh gilead · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 21:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, one, none — and what happens in the verse to Mizpah, Jabesh gilead, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ מִ֗י אֶחָד֙ מִשִּׁבְטֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹֽא־עָלָ֥ה אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה הַמִּצְפָּ֑ה וְ֠הִנֵּה לֹ֣א בָא־אִ֧ישׁ אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֛ה מִיָּבֵ֥ישׁ גִּלְעָ֖ד יָּבֵ֥ישׁ גִּלְעָ֖ד אֶל־הַקָּהָֽל׃ [And they said: 'What one is there of the tribes of Israel that came not up unto the LORD to Mizpah?' And, behold, there came none to the camp from Jabesh-gilead to the assembly.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.636/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:600 # text = וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ מִ֗י אֶחָד֙ מִשִּׁבְטֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹֽא־עָלָ֥ה אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה הַמִּצְפָּ֑ה וְ֠הִנֵּה לֹ֣א בָא־אִ֧ישׁ אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֛ה מִיָּבֵ֥ישׁ גִּלְעָ֖ד יָּבֵ֥ישׁ גִּלְעָ֖ד אֶל־הַקָּהָֽל׃ # verse = JDG.21.8 1-2 וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_21:8!1|MId=o070210080011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=JDG_21:8!1|MId=o070210080012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070210060021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 מִ֗י מִי PRON _ PronType=Int 2 ccomp _ Gloss=who?|Ref=JDG_21:8!2|MId=o070210080021|Strong=4310|Type=interrogative 4 אֶחָד֙ אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ Gloss=[is.the].one|Ref=JDG_21:8!3|MId=o070210080031|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number 5-6 מִשִּׁבְטֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_21:8!4|MId=o070210080041|Strong=4480 6 שִּׁבְטֵ֣י שֵׁבֶט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 nmod _ Gloss=the.tribes|Ref=JDG_21:8!4|MId=o070210080042|Strong=7626 7 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=JDG_21:8!5|MId=o070210080051|Strong=3478 8 אֲשֶׁ֛ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JDG_21:8!6|MId=o070210080061|Strong=0834|Type=relative 9 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JDG_21:8!7|MId=o070210080071|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 10 עָלָ֥ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 acl:relcl _ Gloss=it.went.up|Ref=JDG_21:8!8|MId=o070210080081|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:070210080031;|Type=qatal 11 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_21:8!9|MId=o070210080091|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 12 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 10 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JDG_21:8!10|MId=o070210080101|Strong=3068 13-14 הַמִּצְפָּ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JDG_21:8!11|MId=o070210080111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 מִּצְפָּ֑ה מִצְפָּה PROPN _ _ 10 obl _ Gloss=Mizpah|Ref=JDG_21:8!11|MId=o070210080112|Strong=4709 15-16 וְ֠הִנֵּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_21:8!12|MId=o070210080121|Strong=2050b 16 הִנֵּה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 18 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=JDG_21:8!12|MId=o070210080122|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 17 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 18 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JDG_21:8!13|MId=o070210080131|Strong=3808|Type=negative 18 בָא־ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he.had.come|Ref=JDG_21:8!14|MId=o070210080141|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:070210080151;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 19 אִ֧ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=anyone|Ref=JDG_21:8!15|MId=o070210080151|Strong=0376 20 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_21:8!16|MId=o070210080161|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 21-22 הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_21:8!17|MId=o070210080171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 מַּחֲנֶ֛ה מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=camp|Ref=JDG_21:8!17|MId=o070210080172|Strong=4264 23-24 מִיָּבֵ֥ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JDG_21:8!18|MId=o070210080181|Strong=4480 24 יָּבֵ֥ישׁ יָבֵישׁ PROPN _ _ 18 obl _ Gloss=Jabesh|Ref=JDG_21:8!18|MId=o070210080182 25 גִּלְעָ֖ד _ PROPN _ _ 24 flat:name _ Ref=JDG_21:8!18 26 יָּבֵ֥ישׁ גִּלְעָד PROPN _ _ 24 nmod _ Gloss=Gilead|Ref=JDG_21:8!19|MId=o070210080191 27 גִּלְעָ֖ד _ PROPN _ _ 26 flat:name _ Ref=JDG_21:8!19 28 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_21:8!20|MId=o070210080201|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 29-30 הַקָּהָֽל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_21:8!21|MId=o070210080211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 קָּהָֽל קָהָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=assembly|Ref=JDG_21:8!21|MId=o070210080212|Strong=6951 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=JDG_21:8!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** עָלָה *it went up* | qatal · qal | אֶחָד *\[is the\] one* | | | | | **not** בָא־ *he had come* | qatal · qal | אִישׁ *anyone* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַרוּ מַן חַד מִשִׁבְטַיָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל דְלָא סְלִיק לָקֳדָם יְיָ לְמִצְפַּיָא וְהָא לָא אֲתָא אֲנַשׁ לְמַשְׁרִיתָא מֵיָבֵשׁ גִלְעָד לִקְהָלָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And they said: 'What one is there of the tribes of Israel that came not up unto the LORD to Mizpah?' And, behold, there came none to the camp from Jabesh-gilead to the assembly.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.636/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:600`. - ← previous: [Judges 21:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.21.7/) - next →: [Judges 21:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.21.9/) - ↑ back to [Judges 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/21/)