--- title: Judges 3:16 — And Ehud made him a sword which had two edges, of a cubit length; an… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Ehud made him a sword which had two edges, of a cubit length; and he girded it under his raiment upon his right thigh. Who acts: Ehud, sword, LORD. Judges 3:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.3.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/3/) / 3:16 # Judges 3:16 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** Ehud, sword, LORD · **What happens:** make, have, gird · **To what, where:** sword, LORD, two edges, raiment This is Judges 3:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ehud, sword, LORD — and what happens in the verse to sword, LORD, two edges, raiment, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּעַשׂ֩ ל֨וֹ אֵה֜וּד חֶ֗רֶב וְלָ֛הּ שְׁנֵ֥י פֵי֖וֹת גֹּ֣מֶד אָרְכָּ֑הּ וַיַּחְגֹּ֤ר אוֹתָהּ֙ מִתַּ֣חַת לְמַדָּ֔יו עַ֖ל יֶ֥רֶךְ יְמִינֽוֹ׃ [And Ehud made him a sword which had two edges, of a cubit length; and he girded it under his raiment upon his right thigh.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.77/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:74 # text = וַיַּעַשׂ֩ ל֨וֹ אֵה֜וּד חֶ֗רֶב וְלָ֛הּ שְׁנֵ֥י פֵי֖וֹת גֹּ֣מֶד אָרְכָּ֑הּ וַיַּחְגֹּ֤ר אוֹתָהּ֙ מִתַּ֣חַת לְמַדָּ֔יו עַ֖ל יֶ֥רֶךְ יְמִינֽוֹ׃ # verse = JDG.3.16 1-2 וַיַּעַשׂ֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_3:16!1|MId=o070030160011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּעַשׂ֩ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.made|Ref=JDG_3:16!1|MId=o070030160012|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:070030160031;A1:070030160041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 ל֨וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 ל לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JDG_3:16!2|MId=o070030160021|Strong=3807a 4 ֨וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=himself|Ref=JDG_3:16!2|MId=o070030160022|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 5 אֵה֜וּד אֵהוּד PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Ehud|Ref=JDG_3:16!3|MId=o070030160031|Strong=0164 6 חֶ֗רֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=a.sword|Ref=JDG_3:16!4|MId=o070030160041|Strong=2719 7-9 וְלָ֛הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and.[belonged]|Ref=JDG_3:16!5|MId=o070030160051|Strong=2050b 8 ל לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_3:16!5|MId=o070030160052|Strong=3807a 9 ָ֛הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 conj _ Gloss=it|Ref=JDG_3:16!5|MId=o070030160053|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 10 שְׁנֵ֥י שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 11 nummod _ Gloss=two|Ref=JDG_3:16!6|MId=o070030160061|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 11 פֵי֖וֹת פֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ Gloss=mouths|Ref=JDG_3:16!7|MId=o070030160071|Strong=6310 12 גֹּ֣מֶד גֹּמֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=[was].a.cubit|Ref=JDG_3:16!8|MId=o070030160081|Strong=1574 13-14 אָרְכָּ֑הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 אָרְכּ אֹרֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=length|Ref=JDG_3:16!9|MId=o070030160091|Strong=0753 14 ָ֑הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=JDG_3:16!9|MId=o070030160092|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 15-16 וַיַּחְגֹּ֤ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_3:16!10|MId=o070030160101|Strong=2050b 16 יַּחְגֹּ֤ר חָגַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.girded|Ref=JDG_3:16!10|MId=o070030160102|Strong=2296|Frame=A0:070030160031;A1:070030160112;|Type=wayyiqtol 17-18 אוֹתָהּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_3:16!11|MId=o070030160111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 18 ָהּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=JDG_3:16!11|MId=o070030160112|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 19-20 מִתַּ֣חַת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JDG_3:16!12|MId=o070030160121|Strong=4480 20 תַּ֣חַת תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 16 obl _ Gloss=under|Ref=JDG_3:16!12|MId=o070030160122|Strong=8478 21-23 לְמַדָּ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_3:16!13|MId=o070030160131|Strong=3807a 22 מַדָּ֔י מַד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=garments|Ref=JDG_3:16!13|MId=o070030160132|Strong=4055 23 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_3:16!13|MId=o070030160133|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 24 עַ֖ל עַל ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JDG_3:16!14|MId=o070030160141|Strong=5921 25 יֶ֥רֶךְ יָרֵךְ NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=the.thigh|Ref=JDG_3:16!15|MId=o070030160151|Strong=3409 26-27 יְמִינֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 יְמִינ יָמִין NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.right.side|Ref=JDG_3:16!16|MId=o070030160161|Strong=3225 27 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_3:16!16|MId=o070030160162|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=JDG_3:16!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּעַשׂ *he made* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֵהוּד *Ehud* | חֶרֶב *a sword* | | | | יַּחְגֹּר *he girded* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֵהוּד *Ehud* | ָהּ *it* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַעֲבַד לֵיהּ אֵהוּד חַרְבָּא וְלָהּ תְּרֵין פּוּמִין גַרְמִידָא אָרְכָּא וְזָרֵיז יָתָהּ מִלְרַע לִלְבוּשׁוֹהִי עַל יַרְכֵיהּ דְיַמִינֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Ehud made him a sword which had two edges, of a cubit length; and he girded it under his raiment upon his right thigh.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.77/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:74`. - ← previous: [Judges 3:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.3.15/) - next →: [Judges 3:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.3.17/) - ↑ back to [Judges 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/3/)