--- title: Judges 3:28 — And he said unto them: 'Follow after me; for the LORD hath delivered… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he said unto them: 'Follow after me; for the LORD hath delivered your enemies the Moabites into your hand.' And they went down after him, and took the fords of the Jordan against the Moabites, and suffered not a man to pass over. Who acts: Ehud, LORD, doors. Judges 3:28 in Hebrew with its depend --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.3.28/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/3/) / 3:28 # Judges 3:28 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** Ehud, LORD, doors · **What happens:** say, follow, deliver, go down, take, not suffer · **To what, where:** enemies, hand, fords, man · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 3:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ehud, LORD, doors — and what happens in the verse to enemies, hand, fords, man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֲלֵהֶם֙ רִדְפ֣וּ אַחֲרַ֔י כִּֽי־נָתַ֨ן יְהוָ֧ה אֶת־אֹיְבֵיכֶ֛ם אֶת־מוֹאָ֖ב בְּיֶדְכֶ֑ם וַיֵּרְד֣וּ אַחֲרָ֗יו וַֽיִּלְכְּד֞וּ אֶת־מַעְבְּר֤וֹת הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ לְמוֹאָ֔ב וְלֹֽא־נָתְנ֥וּ אִ֖ישׁ לַעֲבֹֽר׃ [And he said unto them: 'Follow after me; for the LORD hath delivered your enemies the Moabites into your hand.' And they went down after him, and took the fords of the Jordan against the Moabites, and suffered not a man to pass over.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.90/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:86 # text = וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֲלֵהֶם֙ רִדְפ֣וּ אַחֲרַ֔י כִּֽי־נָתַ֨ן יְהוָ֧ה אֶת־אֹיְבֵיכֶ֛ם אֶת־מוֹאָ֖ב בְּיֶדְכֶ֑ם וַיֵּרְד֣וּ אַחֲרָ֗יו וַֽיִּלְכְּד֞וּ אֶת־מַעְבְּר֤וֹת הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ לְמוֹאָ֔ב וְלֹֽא־נָתְנ֥וּ אִ֖ישׁ לַעֲבֹֽר׃ # verse = JDG.3.28 1-2 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_3:28!1|MId=o070030280011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JDG_3:28!1|MId=o070030280012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070030260012;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֲלֵהֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֲל אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_3:28!2|MId=o070030280021|Strong=0413 4 ֵהֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JDG_3:28!2|MId=o070030280022|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5 רִדְפ֣וּ רָדַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=pursue|Ref=JDG_3:28!3|MId=o070030280031|Strong=7291|Frame=A0:070030270091;|Type=imperative 6-7 אַחֲרַ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אַחֲר אַחַר ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=JDG_3:28!4|MId=o070030280041|Strong=0310 7 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=JDG_3:28!4|MId=o070030280042|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 8 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JDG_3:28!5|MId=o070030280051|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 9 נָתַ֨ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 advcl _ Gloss=he.has.given|Ref=JDG_3:28!6|MId=o070030280061|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:070030280071;A1:070030280091;|Type=qatal 10 יְהוָ֧ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 9 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JDG_3:28!7|MId=o070030280071|Strong=3068 11 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_3:28!8|MId=o070030280081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 אֹיְבֵיכֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 אֹיְבֵי אָיַב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 9 obj _ Gloss=enemies|Ref=JDG_3:28!9|MId=o070030280091|Strong=0341|Type=participle_active 13 כֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JDG_3:28!9|MId=o070030280092|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 14 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_3:28!10|MId=o070030280101|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 15 מוֹאָ֖ב מוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 12 appos _ Gloss=Moab|Ref=JDG_3:28!11|MId=o070030280111|Strong=4124 16-18 בְּיֶדְכֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_3:28!12|MId=o070030280121|Strong=0871a 17 יֶד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=JDG_3:28!12|MId=o070030280122|Strong=3027 18 ְכֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JDG_3:28!12|MId=o070030280123|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 19-20 וַיֵּרְד֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_3:28!13|MId=o070030280131|Strong=2050b 20 יֵּרְד֣וּ יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.went.down|Ref=JDG_3:28!13|MId=o070030280132|Strong=3381|Frame=A0:070030270091;|Type=wayyiqtol 21-22 אַחֲרָ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 אַחֲרָ֗י אַחַר ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=JDG_3:28!14|MId=o070030280141|Strong=0310 22 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=JDG_3:28!14|MId=o070030280142|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 23-24 וַֽיִּלְכְּד֞וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_3:28!15|MId=o070030280151|Strong=2050b 24 יִּלְכְּד֞וּ לָכַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.captured|Ref=JDG_3:28!15|MId=o070030280152|Strong=3920|Frame=A0:070030270091;A1:070030280171;|Type=wayyiqtol 25 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_3:28!16|MId=o070030280161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 26 מַעְבְּר֤וֹת מַעֲבָרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 24 obj _ Gloss=the.fords|Ref=JDG_3:28!17|MId=o070030280171|Strong=4569a 27-28 הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_3:28!18|MId=o070030280181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 יַּרְדֵּן֙ יַרְדֵּן PROPN _ _ 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Jordan|Ref=JDG_3:28!18|MId=o070030280182|Strong=3383 29-30 לְמוֹאָ֔ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_3:28!19|MId=o070030280191|Strong=3807a 30 מוֹאָ֔ב מוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 24 obl _ Gloss=Moab|Ref=JDG_3:28!19|MId=o070030280192|Strong=4124 31-32 וְלֹֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_3:28!20|MId=o070030280201|Strong=2050b 32 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 33 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JDG_3:28!20|MId=o070030280202|Strong=3808|Type=negative 33 נָתְנ֥וּ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.permitted|Ref=JDG_3:28!21|MId=o070030280211|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:070030270091;A1:070030280221;|Type=qatal 34 אִ֖ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 obj _ Gloss=anyone|Ref=JDG_3:28!22|MId=o070030280221|Strong=0376 35-36 לַעֲבֹֽר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_3:28!23|MId=o070030280231|Strong=3807a 36 עֲבֹֽר עָבַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 33 xcomp _ Gloss=pass.over|Ref=JDG_3:28!23|MId=o070030280232|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:070030280221;|Type=infinitive_construct 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=JDG_3:28!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | רִדְפוּ *pursue* | imperative · qal | | | | | | נָתַן *he has given* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | אֹיְבֵי *enemies* | | | | יֵּרְדוּ *they went down* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יִּלְכְּדוּ *they captured* | wayyiqtol · qal | | מַעְבְּרוֹת *the fords* | | | | **not** נָתְנוּ *they permitted* | qatal · qal | | אִישׁ *anyone* | | | | עֲבֹֽר *pass over* | infinitive construct · qal | אִישׁ *anyone* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן רְדִיפוּ בַתְרַי אֲרֵי מְסַר יְיָ יַת בַּעֲלֵי דְבָבֵיכוֹן יַת מוֹאֲבָאֵי בִּידֵיכוֹן וּנְחָתוּ בַתְרוֹהִי וַאֲחַדוּ יַת מְגִיזַת עָבְרָאֵי יַרְדְנָא עַל מוֹאָב וְלָא שְׁבַקוּ אֱנַשׁ לְמֶעְבַר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he said unto them: 'Follow after me; for the LORD hath delivered your enemies the Moabites into your hand.' And they went down after him, and took the fords of the Jordan against the Moabites, and suffered not a man to pass over.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.90/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:86`. - ← previous: [Judges 3:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.3.27/) - next →: [Judges 3:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.3.29/) - ↑ back to [Judges 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/3/)