--- title: Judges 4:15 — And the LORD discomfited Sisera, and all his chariots, and all his h… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the LORD discomfited Sisera, and all his chariots, and all his host, with the edge of the sword before Barak; and Sisera alighted from his chariot, and fled away on his feet. Who acts: LORD, Sisera. Judges 4:15 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of e --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.4.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/4/) / 4:15 # Judges 4:15 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** LORD, Sisera · **What happens:** discomfit, alight, flee away · **To what, where:** Sisera, chariot, feet This is Judges 4:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, Sisera — and what happens in the verse to Sisera, chariot, feet, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּ֣הָם יְ֠הוָה אֶת־סִֽיסְרָ֨א וְאֶת־כָּל־הָרֶ֧כֶב וְאֶת־כָּל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֛ה לְפִי־חֶ֖רֶב לִפְנֵ֣י בָרָ֑ק וַיֵּ֧רֶד סִֽיסְרָ֛א מֵעַ֥ל הַמֶּרְכָּבָ֖ה וַיָּ֥נָס בְּרַגְלָֽיו׃ [And the LORD discomfited Sisera, and all his chariots, and all his host, with the edge of the sword before Barak; and Sisera alighted from his chariot, and fled away on his feet.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.109/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:104 # text = וַיָּ֣הָם יְ֠הוָה אֶת־סִֽיסְרָ֨א וְאֶת־כָּל־הָרֶ֧כֶב וְאֶת־כָּל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֛ה לְפִי־חֶ֖רֶב לִפְנֵ֣י בָרָ֑ק וַיֵּ֧רֶד סִֽיסְרָ֛א מֵעַ֥ל הַמֶּרְכָּבָ֖ה וַיָּ֥נָס בְּרַגְלָֽיו׃ # verse = JDG.4.15 1-2 וַיָּ֣הָם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_4:15!1|MId=o070040150011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּ֣הָם הָמַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.confused|Ref=JDG_4:15!1|MId=o070040150012|Strong=2000|Frame=A0:070040150021;A1:070040150041;070040150072;070040150102;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְ֠הוָה יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JDG_4:15!2|MId=o070040150021|Strong=3068 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_4:15!3|MId=o070040150031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5 סִֽיסְרָ֨א סִיסְרָא PROPN _ _ 2 obj _ Gloss=Sisera|Ref=JDG_4:15!4|MId=o070040150041|Strong=5516 6-7 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_4:15!5|MId=o070040150051|Strong=2050b 7 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_4:15!5|MId=o070040150052|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 8 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JDG_4:15!6|MId=o070040150061|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 הָרֶ֧כֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_4:15!7|MId=o070040150071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 רֶ֧כֶב רֶכֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=chariotry|Ref=JDG_4:15!7|MId=o070040150072|Strong=7393 11-12 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_4:15!8|MId=o070040150081|Strong=2050b 12 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_4:15!8|MId=o070040150082|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 13 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JDG_4:15!9|MId=o070040150091|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_4:15!10|MId=o070040150101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 מַּחֲנֶ֛ה מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=army|Ref=JDG_4:15!10|MId=o070040150102|Strong=4264 16-17 לְפִי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to.[the]|Ref=JDG_4:15!11|MId=o070040150111|Strong=3807a 17 פִי־ פֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=mouth|Ref=JDG_4:15!11|MId=o070040150112|Strong=6310 18 חֶ֖רֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].sword|Ref=JDG_4:15!12|MId=o070040150121|Strong=2719 19-20 לִפְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=JDG_4:15!13|MId=o070040150131|Strong=3807a 20 פְנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_4:15!13|MId=o070040150132|Strong=6440 21 בָרָ֑ק בָּרָק PROPN _ _ 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Barak|Ref=JDG_4:15!14|MId=o070040150141|Strong=1301 22-23 וַיֵּ֧רֶד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_4:15!15|MId=o070040150151|Strong=2050b 23 יֵּ֧רֶד יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.went.down|Ref=JDG_4:15!15|MId=o070040150152|Strong=3381|Frame=A0:070040150161;|Type=wayyiqtol 24 סִֽיסְרָ֛א סִיסְרָא PROPN _ _ 23 nsubj _ Gloss=Sisera|Ref=JDG_4:15!16|MId=o070040150161|Strong=5516 25-26 מֵעַ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JDG_4:15!17|MId=o070040150171|Strong=4480 26 עַ֥ל עַל ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JDG_4:15!17|MId=o070040150172|Strong=5921 27-28 הַמֶּרְכָּבָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_4:15!18|MId=o070040150181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 מֶּרְכָּבָ֖ה מֶרְכָּבָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=chariot|Ref=JDG_4:15!18|MId=o070040150182|Strong=4818 29-30 וַיָּ֥נָס _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_4:15!19|MId=o070040150191|Strong=2050b 30 יָּ֥נָס נוּס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.fled|Ref=JDG_4:15!19|MId=o070040150192|Strong=5127|Frame=A0:070040150161;|Type=wayyiqtol 31-33 בְּרַגְלָֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JDG_4:15!20|MId=o070040150201|Strong=0871a 32 רַגְלָֽי רֶגֶל NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 30 obl _ Gloss=feet|Ref=JDG_4:15!20|MId=o070040150202|Strong=7272 33 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_4:15!20|MId=o070040150203|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=JDG_4:15!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּהָם *he confused* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | סִֽיסְרָא *Sisera* + רֶכֶב *chariotry* + מַּחֲנֶה *army* | | | | יֵּרֶד *he went down* | wayyiqtol · qal | סִֽיסְרָא *Sisera* | | | | | יָּנָס *he fled* | wayyiqtol · qal | סִֽיסְרָא *Sisera* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְתַבֵּר יְיָ יַת סִיסְרָא וְיַת כָּל רְתִיכַיָא וְיַת כָּל מַשְׁרִיתָא לְפִתְגַם דְחֶרֶב קֳדָם בָּרָק וּנְחַת סִיסְרָא מֵעַל רְתִיכָא וְאַפַּךְ בְּרַגְלוֹהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the LORD discomfited Sisera, and all his chariots, and all his host, with the edge of the sword before Barak; and Sisera alighted from his chariot, and fled away on his feet.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.109/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:104`. - ← previous: [Judges 4:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.4.14/) - next →: [Judges 4:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.4.16/) - ↑ back to [Judges 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/4/)