--- title: Judges 4:19 — And he said unto her: 'Give me, I pray thee, a little water to drink… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he said unto her: 'Give me, I pray thee, a little water to drink; for I am thirsty.' And she opened a bottle of milk, and gave him drink, and covered him. Who acts: Sisera, I, Jael. Judges 4:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.4.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/4/) / 4:19 # Judges 4:19 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** Sisera, I, Jael · **What happens:** say, give, pray, drink, be, open · **To what, where:** little water, me, thee, bottle, drink, Sisera · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 4:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Sisera, I, Jael — and what happens in the verse to little water, me, thee, bottle, drink, Sisera, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֧אמֶר אֵלֶ֛יהָ הַשְׁקִינִי־נָ֥א מְעַט־מַ֖יִם כִּ֣י צָמֵ֑אתִי וַתִּפְתַּ֞ח אֶת־נֹ֧אוד הֶחָלָ֛ב וַתַּשְׁקֵ֖הוּ וַתְּכַסֵּֽהוּ׃ [And he said unto her: 'Give me, I pray thee, a little water to drink; for I am thirsty.' And she opened a bottle of milk, and gave him drink, and covered him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.113/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:108 # text = וַיֹּ֧אמֶר אֵלֶ֛יהָ הַשְׁקִינִי־נָ֥א מְעַט־מַ֖יִם כִּ֣י צָמֵ֑אתִי וַתִּפְתַּ֞ח אֶת־נֹ֧אוד הֶחָלָ֛ב וַתַּשְׁקֵ֖הוּ וַתְּכַסֵּֽהוּ׃ # verse = JDG.4.19 1-2 וַיֹּ֧אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_4:19!1|MId=o070040190011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֧אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JDG_4:19!1|MId=o070040190012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070040180041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֵלֶ֛יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֵלֶ֛י אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_4:19!2|MId=o070040190021|Strong=0413 4 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=her|Ref=JDG_4:19!2|MId=o070040190022|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 5-6 הַשְׁקִינִי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַשְׁקִי שָׁקָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=give|Ref=JDG_4:19!3|MId=o070040190031|Strong=8248|Frame=AA:070040180021;A0:070040190032;A1:070040190061;|Type=imperative 6 נִי־ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 obj _ Gloss=me.to.drink|Ref=JDG_4:19!3|MId=o070040190032|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 7 נָ֥א נָא INTJ _ _ 5 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=JDG_4:19!4|MId=o070040190041|Strong=4994|Type=exhortation 8 מְעַט־ מְעַט ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 xcomp _ Gloss=a.little|Ref=JDG_4:19!5|MId=o070040190051|Strong=4592|SpaceAfter=No 9 מַ֖יִם מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.water|Ref=JDG_4:19!6|MId=o070040190061|Strong=4325 10 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JDG_4:19!7|MId=o070040190071|Strong=3588 11 צָמֵ֑אתִי צָמֵא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 5 advcl _ Gloss=I.am.thirsty|Ref=JDG_4:19!8|MId=o070040190081|Strong=6770|Frame=A0:070040180041;|Type=qatal 12-13 וַתִּפְתַּ֞ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_4:19!9|MId=o070040190091|Strong=2050b 13 תִּפְתַּ֞ח פָּתַח VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she.opened|Ref=JDG_4:19!9|MId=o070040190092|Strong=6605|Frame=A0:070040180021;A1:070040190111;|Type=wayyiqtol 14 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_4:19!10|MId=o070040190101|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 15 נֹ֧אוד נֹאד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obj _ Gloss=the.skin-bottle|Ref=JDG_4:19!11|MId=o070040190111|Strong=4997 16-17 הֶחָלָ֛ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הֶ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=JDG_4:19!12|MId=o070040190121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 חָלָ֛ב חָלָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=milk|Ref=JDG_4:19!12|MId=o070040190122|Strong=2461 18-20 וַתַּשְׁקֵ֖הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_4:19!13|MId=o070040190131|Strong=2050b 19 תַּשְׁק שָׁקָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she|Ref=JDG_4:19!13|MId=o070040190132|Strong=8248|Frame=AA:070040180021;A0:070040190133;A1:070040190122;|Type=wayyiqtol 20 ֵ֖הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obj _ Gloss=gave.him.a.drink|Ref=JDG_4:19!13|MId=o070040190133|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 21-23 וַתְּכַסֵּֽהוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_4:19!14|MId=o070040190141|Strong=2050b 22 תְּכַסּ כָּסָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she|Ref=JDG_4:19!14|MId=o070040190142|Strong=3680|Frame=A0:070040180021;A1:070040190143;|Type=wayyiqtol 23 ֵֽהוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ Gloss=covered.him|Ref=JDG_4:19!14|MId=o070040190143|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=JDG_4:19!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - hedged: yes (נָא) - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | הַשְׁקִי *give* | imperative · hiphil | נִי־ *me to drink* | מַיִם *of water* | | | | צָמֵאתִי *I am thirsty* | qatal · qal | | | | | | תִּפְתַּח *she opened* | wayyiqtol · qal | | נֹאוד *the skin-bottle* | | | | תַּשְׁק *she* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ֵהוּ *gave him a drink* | חָלָב *milk* | | | | תְּכַסּ *she* | wayyiqtol · piel | | ֵֽהוּ *covered him* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לָהּ אַשְׁקִינִי כְעַן זְעֵיר מַיָא אֲרֵי צָחֵי אֲנָא לְמִשְׁתֵּי וּפְתַחַת יַת נוֹדָא דְחֶלְבָּא וְאַשְׁקִיתֵיהּ וְכַסִיתֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he said unto her: 'Give me, I pray thee, a little water to drink; for I am thirsty.' And she opened a bottle of milk, and gave him drink, and covered him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.113/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:108`. - ← previous: [Judges 4:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.4.18/) - next →: [Judges 4:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.4.20/) - ↑ back to [Judges 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/4/)