--- title: Judges 4:3 — And the children of Israel cried unto the LORD; for he had nine hund… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the children of Israel cried unto the LORD; for he had nine hundred chariots of iron; and twenty years he mightily oppressed the children of Israel. Who acts: children, LORD. Judges 4:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.4.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/4/) / 4:3 # Judges 4:3 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** children, LORD · **What happens:** cry, have, oppress · **To what, where:** hundred chariots, children This is Judges 4:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — children, LORD — and what happens in the verse to hundred chariots, children, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּצְעֲק֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶל־יְהוָ֑ה כִּ֠י תְּשַׁ֨ע מֵא֤וֹת רֶֽכֶב־בַּרְזֶל֙ ל֔וֹ וְ֠הוּא לָחַ֞ץ אֶת־בְּנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל בְּחָזְקָ֖ה עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃ס [And the children of Israel cried unto the LORD; for he had nine hundred chariots of iron; and twenty years he mightily oppressed the children of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.97/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:92 # text = וַיִּצְעֲק֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶל־יְהוָ֑ה כִּ֠י תְּשַׁ֨ע מֵא֤וֹת רֶֽכֶב־בַּרְזֶל֙ ל֔וֹ וְ֠הוּא לָחַ֞ץ אֶת־בְּנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל בְּחָזְקָ֖ה עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃ס # verse = JDG.4.3 1-2 וַיִּצְעֲק֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_4:3!1|MId=o070040030011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּצְעֲק֥וּ צָעַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.cried.out|Ref=JDG_4:3!1|MId=o070040030012|Strong=6817|Frame=A0:070040030021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 בְנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=JDG_4:3!2|MId=o070040030021|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 4 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=JDG_4:3!3|MId=o070040030031|Strong=3478 5 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_4:3!4|MId=o070040030041|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 6 יְהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JDG_4:3!5|MId=o070040030051|Strong=3068 7 כִּ֠י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JDG_4:3!6|MId=o070040030061|Strong=3588 8 תְּשַׁ֨ע תֵּשַׁע NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 nummod _ Gloss=nine|Ref=JDG_4:3!7|MId=o070040030071|Strong=8672|Type=cardinal_number 9 מֵא֤וֹת מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Plur 8 flat _ Gloss=hundred(s)|Ref=JDG_4:3!8|MId=o070040030081|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 10 רֶֽכֶב־ רֶכֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ Gloss=chariot[s]|Ref=JDG_4:3!9|MId=o070040030091|Strong=7393|SpaceAfter=No 11 בַּרְזֶל֙ בַּרְזֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.iron|Ref=JDG_4:3!10|MId=o070040030101|Strong=1270 12-13 ל֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 ל לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=[belonged].to|Ref=JDG_4:3!11|MId=o070040030111|Strong=3807a 13 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 advcl _ Gloss=him|Ref=JDG_4:3!11|MId=o070040030112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 14-15 וְ֠הוּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_4:3!12|MId=o070040030121|Strong=2050b 15 הוּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=JDG_4:3!12|MId=o070040030122|Strong=1931|Type=personal 16 לָחַ֞ץ לָחַץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.oppressed|Ref=JDG_4:3!13|MId=o070040030131|Strong=3905|Frame=A0:070040030122;A1:070040030151;|Type=qatal 17 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_4:3!14|MId=o070040030141|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 18 בְּנֵ֧י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 obj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=JDG_4:3!15|MId=o070040030151|Strong=1121 19 יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=JDG_4:3!16|MId=o070040030161|Strong=3478 20-21 בְּחָזְקָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=JDG_4:3!17|MId=o070040030171|Strong=0871a 21 חָזְקָ֖ה חׇזְקָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=force|Ref=JDG_4:3!17|MId=o070040030172|Strong=2394 22 עֶשְׂרִ֥ים עֶשְׂרִים NUM _ Number=Plur 23 nummod _ Gloss=twenty|Ref=JDG_4:3!18|MId=o070040030181|Strong=6242|Type=cardinal_number 23 שָׁנָֽה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=year[s]|Ref=JDG_4:3!19|MId=o070040030191|Strong=8141|SpaceAfter=No 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=JDG_4:3!19|SpaceAfter=No 25 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=JDG_4:3!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּצְעֲקוּ *they cried out* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְנֵֽי־ *the people* | | | | | לָחַץ *he oppressed* | qatal · qal | הוּא *he* | בְּנֵי *the people* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּצְעָקוּ בְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל קֳדָם יְיָ אֲרֵי תְשַׁע מֵאָה רְתִיכִין דְבַרְזְלָא לֵיהּ וְהוּא דְחַק יַת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּתוּקְפָא עַסְרִין שְׁנִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the children of Israel cried unto the LORD; for he had nine hundred chariots of iron; and twenty years he mightily oppressed the children of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.97/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:92`. - ← previous: [Judges 4:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.4.2/) - next →: [Judges 4:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.4.4/) - ↑ back to [Judges 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/4/)