--- title: Judges 5:28 — Through the window she looked forth, and peered, the mother of Siser… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Through the window she looked forth, and peered, the mother of Sisera, through the lattice: 'Why is his chariot so long in coming? Why tarry the wheels of his chariots? Who acts: Jael, mother, chariot, wheels. Judges 5:28 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmati --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.5.28/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/5/) / 5:28 # Judges 5:28 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** Jael, mother, chariot, wheels · **What happens:** look, peer, be, come, tarry This is Judges 5:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jael, mother, chariot, wheels — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בְּעַד֩ הַחַלּ֨וֹן נִשְׁקְפָ֧ה וַתְּיַבֵּ֛ב אֵ֥ם סִֽיסְרָ֖א בְּעַ֣ד הָֽאֶשְׁנָ֑ב מַדּ֗וּעַ בֹּשֵׁ֤שׁ רִכְבּוֹ֙ לָב֔וֹא מַדּ֣וּעַ אֶֽחֱר֔וּ פַּעֲמֵ֖י מַרְכְּבוֹתָֽיו׃ [Through the window she looked forth, and peered, the mother of Sisera, through the lattice: 'Why is his chariot so long in coming?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.152/) [Why tarry the wheels of his chariots?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.153/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:141 # text = בְּעַד֩ הַחַלּ֨וֹן נִשְׁקְפָ֧ה וַתְּיַבֵּ֛ב אֵ֥ם סִֽיסְרָ֖א בְּעַ֣ד הָֽאֶשְׁנָ֑ב מַדּ֗וּעַ בֹּשֵׁ֤שׁ רִכְבּוֹ֙ לָב֔וֹא מַדּ֣וּעַ אֶֽחֱר֔וּ פַּעֲמֵ֖י מַרְכְּבוֹתָֽיו׃ # verse = JDG.5.28 1 בְּעַד֩ בַּעַד ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=through|Ref=JDG_5:28!1|MId=o070050280011|Strong=1157 2-3 הַחַלּ֨וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_5:28!2|MId=o070050280021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 חַלּ֨וֹן חַלּוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=window|Ref=JDG_5:28!2|MId=o070050280022|Strong=2474 4 נִשְׁקְפָ֧ה שָׁקַף VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=she.looked.down|Ref=JDG_5:28!3|MId=o070050280031|Strong=8259|Frame=A0:070050280051;|Type=qatal 5-6 וַתְּיַבֵּ֛ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_5:28!4|MId=o070050280041|Strong=2050b 6 תְּיַבֵּ֛ב יָבַב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=she.lamented|Ref=JDG_5:28!4|MId=o070050280042|Strong=2980|Frame=A0:070050280051;|Type=wayyiqtol 7 אֵ֥ם אֵם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=the.mother|Ref=JDG_5:28!5|MId=o070050280051|Strong=0517 8 סִֽיסְרָ֖א סִיסְרָא PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Sisera|Ref=JDG_5:28!6|MId=o070050280061|Strong=5516 9 בְּעַ֣ד בַּעַד ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=through|Ref=JDG_5:28!7|MId=o070050280071|Strong=1157 10-11 הָֽאֶשְׁנָ֑ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_5:28!8|MId=o070050280081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 אֶשְׁנָ֑ב אֶשְׁנָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=window-lattice|Ref=JDG_5:28!8|MId=o070050280082|Strong=0822 12 מַדּ֗וּעַ מַדּוּעַ ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=why?|Ref=JDG_5:28!9|MId=o070050280091|Strong=4069|Type=interrogative 13 בֹּשֵׁ֤שׁ בּוֹשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=POLEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=has.it.delayed|Ref=JDG_5:28!10|MId=o070050280101|Strong=0954a|Frame=A0:070050280111;|Type=qatal 14-15 רִכְבּוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 רִכְבּ רֶכֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ Gloss=chariot|Ref=JDG_5:28!11|MId=o070050280111|Strong=7393 15 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_5:28!11|MId=o070050280112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16-17 לָב֔וֹא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_5:28!12|MId=o070050280121|Strong=3807a 17 ב֔וֹא בּוֹא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 13 advcl _ Gloss=come|Ref=JDG_5:28!12|MId=o070050280122|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:070050280111;|Type=infinitive_construct 18 מַדּ֣וּעַ מַדּוּעַ ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=why?|Ref=JDG_5:28!13|MId=o070050280131|Strong=4069|Type=interrogative 19 אֶֽחֱר֔וּ אָחַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 13 parataxis _ Gloss=have.they.delayed|Ref=JDG_5:28!14|MId=o070050280141|Strong=0309|Frame=A0:070050280151;|Type=qatal 20 פַּעֲמֵ֖י פַּעַם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 19 nsubj _ Gloss=the.hoof-beats|Ref=JDG_5:28!15|MId=o070050280151|Strong=6471 21-22 מַרְכְּבוֹתָֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 מַרְכְּבוֹתָֽי מֶרְכָּבָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.chariots|Ref=JDG_5:28!16|MId=o070050280161|Strong=4818 22 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_5:28!16|MId=o070050280162|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=JDG_5:28!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נִשְׁקְפָה *she looked down* | qatal · niphal | אֵם *the mother* | | | | | תְּיַבֵּב *she lamented* | wayyiqtol · piel | אֵם *the mother* | | | | | בֹּשֵׁשׁ *has it delayed* | qatal · polel | רִכְבּ *chariot* | | | | | בוֹא *come* | infinitive construct · qal | רִכְבּ *chariot* | | | | | אֶֽחֱרוּ *have they delayed* | qatal · piel | פַּעֲמֵי *the hoof-beats* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} מִן חֲרַכָּא אִסְתְּכִיאַת וּמְדַיְקָא אִמֵיהּ דְסִיסְרָא מִבֵּינֵי אַעֲיָתָא אֲמַרַת מָא דֵין אוֹחֲרָא רְתִיכוֹהִי דְסִיסְרָא בְּרִי מִלְמֵיתִי מָא דֵין אִתְעֲכָּבוּ רְהָטַיָא דַהֲווֹ מַיְתָן לִי אִגֶרֶת נִצְחָנִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Through the window she looked forth, and peered, the mother of Sisera, through the lattice: 'Why is his chariot so long in coming?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.152/) 2. [Why tarry the wheels of his chariots?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.153/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:141`. - ← previous: [Judges 5:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.5.27/) - next →: [Judges 5:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.5.29/) - ↑ back to [Judges 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/5/)