--- title: Judges 5:4 — LORD, when Thou didst go forth out of Seir, when Thou didst march ou… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: LORD, when Thou didst go forth out of Seir, when Thou didst march out of the field of Edom, the earth trembled, the heavens also dropped, yea, the clouds dropped water. Who acts: Thou, earth, heavens, clouds. Judges 5:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.5.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/5/) / 5:4 # Judges 5:4 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** Thou, earth, heavens, clouds · **What happens:** go, march, tremble, drop · **To what, where:** Seir, field, water This is Judges 5:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Thou, earth, heavens, clouds — and what happens in the verse to Seir, field, water, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. יְהוָ֗ה בְּצֵאתְךָ֤ מִשֵּׂעִיר֙ בְּצַעְדְּךָ֙ מִשְּׂדֵ֣ה אֱד֔וֹם אֶ֣רֶץ רָעָ֔שָׁה גַּם־שָׁמַ֖יִם נָטָ֑פוּ גַּם־עָבִ֖ים נָ֥טְפוּ מָֽיִם׃ [LORD, when Thou didst go forth out of Seir, when Thou didst march out of the field of Edom, the earth trembled, the heavens also dropped, yea, the clouds dropped water.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.122/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:117 # text = יְהוָ֗ה בְּצֵאתְךָ֤ מִשֵּׂעִיר֙ בְּצַעְדְּךָ֙ מִשְּׂדֵ֣ה אֱד֔וֹם אֶ֣רֶץ רָעָ֔שָׁה גַּם־שָׁמַ֖יִם נָטָ֑פוּ גַּם־עָבִ֖ים נָ֥טְפוּ מָֽיִם׃ # verse = JDG.5.4 1 יְהוָ֗ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 14 dislocated _ Gloss=O.Yahweh|Ref=JDG_5:4!1|MId=o070050040011|Strong=3068 2-4 בְּצֵאתְךָ֤ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=JDG_5:4!2|MId=o070050040021|Strong=0871a 3 צֵאת יָצָא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 14 dislocated _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_5:4!2|MId=o070050040022|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:070050040023;|Type=infinitive_construct 4 ְךָ֤ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ Gloss=went.out|Ref=JDG_5:4!2|MId=o070050040023|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 5-6 מִשֵּׂעִיר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JDG_5:4!3|MId=o070050040031|Strong=4480 6 שֵּׂעִיר֙ שֵׂעִיר PROPN _ _ 3 obl _ Gloss=Seir|Ref=JDG_5:4!3|MId=o070050040032|Strong=8165 7-9 בְּצַעְדְּךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=JDG_5:4!4|MId=o070050040041|Strong=0871a 8 צַעְדּ צָעַד VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 14 dislocated _ Gloss=marched|Ref=JDG_5:4!4|MId=o070050040042|Strong=6805|Frame=A0:070050040043;|Type=infinitive_construct 9 ְךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_5:4!4|MId=o070050040043|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 10-11 מִשְּׂדֵ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JDG_5:4!5|MId=o070050040051|Strong=4480 11 שְּׂדֵ֣ה שָׂדֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=the.region|Ref=JDG_5:4!5|MId=o070050040052|Strong=7704 12 אֱד֔וֹם אֱדוֹם PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Edom|Ref=JDG_5:4!6|MId=o070050040061|Strong=0123 13 אֶ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].earth|Ref=JDG_5:4!7|MId=o070050040071|Strong=0776 14 רָעָ֔שָׁה רָעַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.shook|Ref=JDG_5:4!8|MId=o070050040081|Strong=7493|Frame=A0:070050040071;|Type=qatal 15 גַּם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 16 advmod _ Gloss=both|Ref=JDG_5:4!9|MId=o070050040091|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 16 שָׁמַ֖יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].heavens|Ref=JDG_5:4!10|MId=o070050040101|Strong=8064 17 נָטָ֑פוּ נָטַף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 14 parataxis _ Gloss=they.dropped|Ref=JDG_5:4!11|MId=o070050040111|Strong=5197|Frame=A0:070050040101;|Type=qatal 18 גַּם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=as.well.as|Ref=JDG_5:4!12|MId=o070050040121|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 19 עָבִ֖ים עָב NOUN _ Number=Plur 20 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].clouds|Ref=JDG_5:4!13|MId=o070050040131|Strong=5645 20 נָ֥טְפוּ נָטַף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 14 parataxis _ Gloss=they.dropped|Ref=JDG_5:4!14|MId=o070050040141|Strong=5197|Frame=A0:070050040131;|Type=qatal 21 מָֽיִם מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 obl _ Gloss=water|Ref=JDG_5:4!15|MId=o070050040151|Strong=4325|SpaceAfter=No 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=JDG_5:4!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | צֵאת *you* | infinitive construct · qal | ְךָ *went out* | | | | | צַעְדּ *marched* | infinitive construct · qal | ְךָ *you* | | | | | רָעָשָׁה *it shook* | qatal · qal | אֶרֶץ *\[the\] earth* | | | | | נָטָפוּ *they dropped* | qatal · qal | שָׁמַיִם *\[the\] heavens* | | | | | נָטְפוּ *they dropped* | qatal · qal | עָבִים *\[the\] clouds* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} יְיָ אוֹרַיְתָךְ דִיהַבְתָּא לְיִשְׂרָאֵל כַּד עָבְרִין עֲלָהּ הֲוָה שַׁלְטִין בְּהוֹן עַמְמַיָא וְכַד תַּיְבִין לָהּ מִתְגַבְּרִין אִנוּן עַל בַּעֲלֵי דְבָבֵיהוֹן יְיָ בְּיוֹם אִתְגַלֵיתָךְ לְמִתְּנָהּ לְהוֹן מִשֵׂעִיר בְּהוֹן אִתְגַלֵיתָא בְּהוֹפָעוֹת יְקָרָךְ עַל תְּחוּמֵי אֱדוֹם אַרְעָא זָעַת אַף שְׁמַיָא מָכוּ אַף עֲנָנַיָא נְגִידוּ מִטְרָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [LORD, when Thou didst go forth out of Seir, when Thou didst march out of the field of Edom, the earth trembled, the heavens also dropped, yea, the clouds dropped water.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.122/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:117`. - ← previous: [Judges 5:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.5.3/) - next →: [Judges 5:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.5.5/) - ↑ back to [Judges 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/5/)