--- title: Judges 6:13 — And Gideon said unto him: 'Oh, my lord, if the LORD be with us, why… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Gideon said unto him: 'Oh, my lord, if the LORD be with us, why then is all this befallen us? and where are all His wondrous works which our fathers told us of, saying: Did not the LORD bring us up from Egypt? but now the LORD hath cast us off, and delivered us into the hand of Midian.' Who acts --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.6.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/6/) / 6:13 # Judges 6:13 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** Gideon, LORD, this, fathers · **What happens:** say, be, tell, not bring up, cast off, deliver · **To what, where:** wondrous works, us, Egypt, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 6:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Gideon, LORD, this, fathers — and what happens in the verse to wondrous works, us, Egypt, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֤יו גִּדְעוֹן֙ בִּ֣י אֲדֹנִ֔י וְיֵ֤שׁ יְהוָה֙ עִמָּ֔נוּ וְלָ֥מָּה מְצָאַ֖תְנוּ כָּל־זֹ֑את וְאַיֵּ֣ה כָֽל־נִפְלְאֹתָ֡יו אֲשֶׁר֩ סִפְּרוּ־לָ֨נוּ אֲבוֹתֵ֜ינוּ לֵאמֹ֗ר הֲלֹ֤א מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ הֶעֱלָ֣נוּ יְהוָ֔ה וְעַתָּה֙ נְטָשָׁ֣נוּ יְהוָ֔ה וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֖נוּ בְּכַף־מִדְיָֽן׃ [And Gideon said unto him: 'Oh, my lord, if the LORD be with us, why then is all this befallen us? and where are all His wondrous works which our fathers told us of, saying: Did not the LORD bring us up from Egypt? but now the LORD hath cast us off, and delivered us into the hand of Midian.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.171/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:157 # text = וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֤יו גִּדְעוֹן֙ בִּ֣י אֲדֹנִ֔י וְיֵ֤שׁ יְהוָה֙ עִמָּ֔נוּ וְלָ֥מָּה מְצָאַ֖תְנוּ כָּל־זֹ֑את וְאַיֵּ֣ה כָֽל־נִפְלְאֹתָ֡יו אֲשֶׁר֩ סִפְּרוּ־לָ֨נוּ אֲבוֹתֵ֜ינוּ לֵאמֹ֗ר הֲלֹ֤א מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ הֶעֱלָ֣נוּ יְהוָ֔ה וְעַתָּה֙ נְטָשָׁ֣נוּ יְהוָ֔ה וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֖נוּ בְּכַף־מִדְיָֽן׃ # verse = JDG.6.13 1-2 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_6:13!1|MId=o070060130011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JDG_6:13!1|MId=o070060130012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070060130031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֵלָ֤יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֵלָ֤י אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_6:13!2|MId=o070060130021|Strong=0413 4 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=JDG_6:13!2|MId=o070060130022|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 5 גִּדְעוֹן֙ גִּדְעוֹן PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Gideon|Ref=JDG_6:13!3|MId=o070060130031|Strong=1439 6 בִּ֣י בִּי INTJ _ _ 17 discourse _ Gloss=pardon.me|Ref=JDG_6:13!4|MId=o070060130041|Strong=0994|Type=exhortation 7-8 אֲדֹנִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 אֲדֹנ אָדוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 dislocated _ Gloss=my.lord|Ref=JDG_6:13!5|MId=o070060130051|Strong=0113 8 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JDG_6:13!5|MId=o070060130052|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 9-10 וְיֵ֤שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_6:13!6|MId=o070060130061|Strong=2050b 10 יֵ֤שׁ יֵשׁ ADV _ _ 17 advcl _ Gloss=(there)|Ref=JDG_6:13!6|MId=o070060130062|Strong=3426|Type=demonstrative 11 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 10 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JDG_6:13!7|MId=o070060130071|Strong=3068 12-13 עִמָּ֔נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=[is].with|Ref=JDG_6:13!8|MId=o070060130081|Strong=5973 13 ָ֔נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=JDG_6:13!8|MId=o070060130082|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 14-16 וְלָ֥מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_6:13!9|MId=o070060130091|Strong=2050b 15 לָ֥ לָמָה ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_6:13!9|MId=o070060130092|Strong=3807a 16 מָּה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 17 obl _ Gloss=why?|Ref=JDG_6:13!9|MId=o070060130093|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 17-18 מְצָאַ֖תְנוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 מְצָאַ֖ת מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=has|Ref=JDG_6:13!10|MId=o070060130101|Strong=4672|Frame=A1:070060130102;A0:070060130121;|Type=qatal 18 ְנוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ Gloss=it.found.us|Ref=JDG_6:13!10|MId=o070060130102|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 19 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JDG_6:13!11|MId=o070060130111|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 20 זֹ֑את זֹאת DET _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 19 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JDG_6:13!12|MId=o070060130121|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 21-22 וְאַיֵּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_6:13!13|MId=o070060130131|Strong=2050b 22 אַיֵּ֣ה אַיֵּה PART _ _ 17 conj _ Gloss=where?|Ref=JDG_6:13!13|MId=o070060130132|Strong=0346|Type=interrogative 23 כָֽל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=[are].all|Ref=JDG_6:13!14|MId=o070060130141|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 24-25 נִפְלְאֹתָ֡יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 נִפְלְאֹתָ֡י פָּלָא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=wonders|Ref=JDG_6:13!15|MId=o070060130151|Strong=6381|Type=participle_active 25 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_6:13!15|MId=o070060130152|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 26 אֲשֶׁר֩ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 27 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JDG_6:13!16|MId=o070060130161|Strong=0834|Type=relative 27 סִפְּרוּ־ סָפַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 23 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.recounted|Ref=JDG_6:13!17|MId=o070060130171|Strong=5608|Frame=A0:070060130191;A1:070060130151;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 28-29 לָ֨נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 ל לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_6:13!18|MId=o070060130181|Strong=3807a 29 ָ֨נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=JDG_6:13!18|MId=o070060130182|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 30-31 אֲבוֹתֵ֜ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 אֲבוֹתֵ֜י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ Gloss=fathers|Ref=JDG_6:13!19|MId=o070060130191|Strong=0001 31 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=JDG_6:13!19|MId=o070060130192|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 32-33 לֵאמֹ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 38 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=JDG_6:13!20|MId=o070060130201|Strong=3807a 33 אמֹ֗ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 32 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_6:13!20|MId=o070060130202|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070060130191;A1:070060130231;|Type=infinitive_construct 34-35 הֲלֹ֤א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 38 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=JDG_6:13!21|MId=o070060130211|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 35 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 38 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JDG_6:13!21|MId=o070060130212|Strong=3808|Type=negative 36-37 מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JDG_6:13!22|MId=o070060130221|Strong=4480 37 מִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 38 obl _ Gloss=Egypt|Ref=JDG_6:13!22|MId=o070060130222|Strong=4714 38-39 הֶעֱלָ֣נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 הֶעֱל עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 27 advcl _ Gloss=did|Ref=JDG_6:13!23|MId=o070060130231|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:070060130232;AA:070060130241;|Type=qatal 39 ָ֣נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 38 obj _ Gloss=he.bring.us.up|Ref=JDG_6:13!23|MId=o070060130232|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 40 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 38 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JDG_6:13!24|MId=o070060130241|Strong=3068 41-42 וְעַתָּה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 42 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_6:13!25|MId=o070060130251|Strong=2050b 42 עַתָּה֙ עַתָּה ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=now|Ref=JDG_6:13!25|MId=o070060130252|Strong=6258 43-44 נְטָשָׁ֣נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43 נְטָשׁ נָטַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 17 parataxis _ Gloss=he|Ref=JDG_6:13!26|MId=o070060130261|Strong=5203|Frame=A1:070060130262;A0:070060130271;|Type=qatal 44 ָ֣נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 43 obj _ Gloss=has.abandoned.us|Ref=JDG_6:13!26|MId=o070060130262|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 45 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 43 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JDG_6:13!27|MId=o070060130271|Strong=3068 46-48 וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֖נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 47 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_6:13!28|MId=o070060130281|Strong=2050b 47 יִּתְּנ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=JDG_6:13!28|MId=o070060130282|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:070060130271;A1:070060130283;|Type=wayyiqtol 48 ֵ֖נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 47 obj _ Gloss=has.given.us|Ref=JDG_6:13!28|MId=o070060130283|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 49-50 בְּכַף־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 49 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 50 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_6:13!29|MId=o070060130291|Strong=0871a 50 כַף־ כַּף NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 47 obl _ Gloss=the.palm|Ref=JDG_6:13!29|MId=o070060130292|Strong=3709 51 מִדְיָֽן מִדְיָן PROPN _ _ 50 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Midian|Ref=JDG_6:13!30|MId=o070060130301|Strong=4080|SpaceAfter=No 52 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 51 punct _ Ref=JDG_6:13!30 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | גִּדְעוֹן *Gideon* | | | | | מְצָאַת *has* | qatal · qal | זֹאת *this* | ְנוּ *it found us* | | | | סִפְּרוּ־ *they recounted* | qatal · piel | אֲבוֹתֵי *fathers* | נִפְלְאֹתָי *wonders* | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | אֲבוֹתֵי *fathers* | הֶעֱל *did* | | | | **not** הֶעֱל *did* | qatal · hiphil | ָנוּ *he bring us up* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | נְטָשׁ *he* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | ָנוּ *has abandoned us* | | | | יִּתְּנ *he* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | ֵנוּ *has given us* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ גִדְעוֹן בְּבָעוּ רִבּוֹנִי וְאִית שְׁכִנְתָּא דַיְיָ בְּסַעְדָנָא וּלְמָא עַרְעָנָא כָּל דָא וְאָן כָּל פְּרִשְׁוָתֵיהּ דְאִשְׁתְּעִיאוּ לָנָא אַבְהָתָנָא לְמֵימַר הֲלָא מִמִצְרַיִם אַסְקָנָא יְיָ וּכְעַן רַטְשָׁנָא יְיָ וּמַסְרָנָא בִּידָא דְמִדְיָנָאֵי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Gideon said unto him: 'Oh, my lord, if the LORD be with us, why then is all this befallen us? and where are all His wondrous works which our fathers told us of, saying: Did not the LORD bring us up from Egypt? but now the LORD hath cast us off, and delivered us into the hand of Midian.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.171/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:157`. - ← previous: [Judges 6:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.6.12/) - next →: [Judges 6:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.6.14/) - ↑ back to [Judges 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/6/)