--- title: Judges 7:20 — And the three companies blew the horns, and broke the pitchers, and… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the three companies blew the horns, and broke the pitchers, and held the torches in their left hands, and the horns in their right hands wherewith to blow; and they cried: 'The sword for the LORD and for Gideon!' Who acts: three companies, horns. Judges 7:20 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, T --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.7.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/7/) / 7:20 # Judges 7:20 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** three companies, horns · **What happens:** blow, break, hold, cry · **To what, where:** horns, pitchers, torches, left hands This is Judges 7:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — three companies, horns — and what happens in the verse to horns, pitchers, torches, left hands, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַֽ֠יִּתְקְעוּ שְׁלֹ֨שֶׁת הָרָאשִׁ֥ים בַּשּֽׁוֹפָרוֹת֮ וַיִּשְׁבְּר֣וּ הַכַּדִּים֒ וַיַּחֲזִ֤יקוּ בְיַד־שְׂמאוֹלָם֙בַּלַּפִּדִ֔ים וּבְיַ֨ד־יְמִינָ֔ם הַשּׁוֹפָר֖וֹת לִתְק֑וֹעַ וַֽיִּקְרְא֔וּ חֶ֥רֶב לַֽיהוָ֖ה וּלְגִדְעֽוֹן׃ [And the three companies blew the horns, and broke the pitchers, and held the torches in their left hands, and the horns in their right hands wherewith to blow; and they cried: 'The sword for the LORD and for Gideon!'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.218/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:204 # text = וַֽ֠יִּתְקְעוּ שְׁלֹ֨שֶׁת הָרָאשִׁ֥ים בַּשּֽׁוֹפָרוֹת֮ וַיִּשְׁבְּר֣וּ הַכַּדִּים֒ וַיַּחֲזִ֤יקוּ בְיַד־שְׂמאוֹלָם֙בַּלַּפִּדִ֔ים וּבְיַ֨ד־יְמִינָ֔ם הַשּׁוֹפָר֖וֹת לִתְק֑וֹעַ וַֽיִּקְרְא֔וּ חֶ֥רֶב לַֽיהוָ֖ה וּלְגִדְעֽוֹן׃ # verse = JDG.7.20 1-2 וַֽ֠יִּתְקְעוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַֽ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_7:20!1|MId=o070070200011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּתְקְעוּ תָּקַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.gave.a.blast|Ref=JDG_7:20!1|MId=o070070200012|Strong=8628|Frame=A0:070070200032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שְׁלֹ֨שֶׁת שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nummod _ Gloss=the.three|Ref=JDG_7:20!2|MId=o070070200021|Strong=7969|Type=cardinal_number 4-5 הָרָאשִׁ֥ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_7:20!3|MId=o070070200031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 רָאשִׁ֥ים רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=companies|Ref=JDG_7:20!3|MId=o070070200032|Strong=7218 6-8 בַּשּֽׁוֹפָרוֹת֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JDG_7:20!4|MId=o070070200041|Strong=0871a 7 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_7:20!4|MId=o070070200041ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 שּֽׁוֹפָרוֹת֮ שֹׁופָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=trumpets|Ref=JDG_7:20!4|MId=o070070200042|Strong=7782 9-10 וַיִּשְׁבְּר֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_7:20!5|MId=o070070200051|Strong=2050b 10 יִּשְׁבְּר֣וּ שָׁבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.broke|Ref=JDG_7:20!5|MId=o070070200052|Strong=7665|Frame=A0:070070200032;A1:070070200062;|Type=wayyiqtol 11-12 הַכַּדִּים֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_7:20!6|MId=o070070200061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 כַּדִּים֒ כַּד NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 10 obj _ Gloss=jars|Ref=JDG_7:20!6|MId=o070070200062|Strong=3537 13-14 וַיַּחֲזִ֤יקוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_7:20!7|MId=o070070200071|Strong=2050b 14 יַּחֲזִ֤יקוּ חָזַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.took.hold|Ref=JDG_7:20!7|MId=o070070200072|Strong=2388|Frame=A0:070070200032;|Type=wayyiqtol 15-16 בְיַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_7:20!8|MId=o070070200081|Strong=0871a 16 יַד־ יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=JDG_7:20!8|MId=o070070200082|Strong=3027 17-21 שְׂמאוֹלָם֙בַּלַּפִּדִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 שְׂמאוֹל שְׂמֹאל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=their.left|Ref=JDG_7:20!9|MId=o070070200091|Strong=8040 18 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JDG_7:20!9|MId=o070070200092|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 19 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JDG_7:20!10|MId=o070070200101|Strong=0871a 20 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_7:20!10|MId=o070070200101ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 לַּפִּדִ֔ים לַפִּיד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 obl _ Gloss=torches|Ref=JDG_7:20!10|MId=o070070200102|Strong=3940 22-24 וּבְיַ֨ד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_7:20!11|MId=o070070200111|Strong=2050b 23 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_7:20!11|MId=o070070200112|Strong=0871a 24 יַ֨ד־ יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 conj _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=JDG_7:20!11|MId=o070070200113|Strong=3027 25-26 יְמִינָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 יְמִינ יָמִין NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=their.right.side|Ref=JDG_7:20!12|MId=o070070200121|Strong=3225 26 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JDG_7:20!12|MId=o070070200122|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 27-28 הַשּׁוֹפָר֖וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_7:20!13|MId=o070070200131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 שּׁוֹפָר֖וֹת שֹׁופָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 24 obj _ Gloss=trumpets|Ref=JDG_7:20!13|MId=o070070200132|Strong=7782 29-30 לִתְק֑וֹעַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_7:20!14|MId=o070070200141|Strong=3807a 30 תְק֑וֹעַ תָּקַע VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 24 advcl _ Gloss=give.a.blast|Ref=JDG_7:20!14|MId=o070070200142|Strong=8628|Frame=A0:070070200032;A1:070070200132;|Type=infinitive_construct 31-32 וַֽיִּקְרְא֔וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_7:20!15|MId=o070070200151|Strong=2050b 32 יִּקְרְא֔וּ קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.called.out|Ref=JDG_7:20!15|MId=o070070200152|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:070070200032;|Type=wayyiqtol 33 חֶ֥רֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ Gloss=a.sword|Ref=JDG_7:20!16|MId=o070070200161|Strong=2719 34-35 לַֽיהוָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JDG_7:20!17|MId=o070070200171|Strong=3807a 35 יהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 32 ccomp _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JDG_7:20!17|MId=o070070200172|Strong=3068 36-38 וּלְגִדְעֽוֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 38 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_7:20!18|MId=o070070200181|Strong=2050b 37 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JDG_7:20!18|MId=o070070200182|Strong=3807a 38 גִדְעֽוֹן גִּדְעוֹן PROPN _ _ 35 conj _ Gloss=Gideon|Ref=JDG_7:20!18|MId=o070070200183|Strong=1439 39 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 38 punct _ Ref=JDG_7:20!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּתְקְעוּ *they gave a blast* | wayyiqtol · qal | רָאשִׁים *companies* | | | | | יִּשְׁבְּרוּ *they broke* | wayyiqtol · qal | רָאשִׁים *companies* | כַּדִּים *jars* | | | | יַּחֲזִיקוּ *they took hold* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | רָאשִׁים *companies* | | | | | תְקוֹעַ *give a blast* | infinitive construct · qal | רָאשִׁים *companies* | שּׁוֹפָרוֹת *trumpets* | | | | יִּקְרְאוּ *they called out* | wayyiqtol · qal | רָאשִׁים *companies* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּתְקָעוּ תְּלַת מַשִׁרְיָן בְּשׁוֹפָרַיָא וְתַבָּרוּ כַדַיָא וְאַתְקִיפוּ בְּיַד סְמָלְהוֹן בִּבְעוּרַיָא וּבְיַד יְמִינְהוֹן בְּשׁוֹפָרַיָא לְמִתְקַע וַאֲמַרוּ חַרְבָּא מִן קֳדָם יְיָ וְנַצְחָנָא עַל יְדֵי גִדְעוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the three companies blew the horns, and broke the pitchers, and held the torches in their left hands, and the horns in their right hands wherewith to blow; and they cried: 'The sword for the LORD and for Gideon!'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.218/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:204`. - ← previous: [Judges 7:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.7.19/) - next →: [Judges 7:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.7.21/) - ↑ back to [Judges 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/7/)