--- title: Judges 7:4 — And the LORD said unto Gideon: 'The people are yet too many; bring t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the LORD said unto Gideon: 'The people are yet too many; bring them down unto the water, and I will try them for thee there; and it shall be, that of whom I say to thee: This shall go with thee, the same shall go with thee; and of whomsoever I say unto thee: This shall not go with thee, the same --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.7.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/7/) / 7:4 # Judges 7:4 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** LORD, people, I, This, same · **What happens:** say, be, bring down, try, go, not go · **To what, where:** people, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 7:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, people, I, This, same — and what happens in the verse to people, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־גִּדְע֗וֹן עוֹד֮ הָעָ֣ם רָב֒ הוֹרֵ֤ד אוֹתָם֙ אֶל־הַמַּ֔יִם וְאֶצְרְפֶ֥נּוּ לְךָ֖ שָׁ֑ם וְהָיָ֡ה אֲשֶׁר֩ אֹמַ֨ר אֵלֶ֜יךָ זֶ֣ה ׀ יֵלֵ֣ךְ אִתָּ֗ךְ ה֚וּא יֵלֵ֣ךְ אִתָּ֔ךְ וְכֹ֨ל אֲשֶׁר־אֹמַ֜ר אֵלֶ֗יךָ זֶ֚ה לֹא־יֵלֵ֣ךְ עִמָּ֔ךְ ה֖וּא לֹ֥א יֵלֵֽךְ׃ [And the LORD said unto Gideon: 'The people are yet too many; bring them down unto the water, and I will try them for thee there; and it shall be, that of whom I say to thee: This shall go with thee, the same shall go with thee; and of whomsoever I say unto thee: This shall not go with thee, the same shall not go.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.202/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:188 # text = וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־גִּדְע֗וֹן עוֹד֮ הָעָ֣ם רָב֒ הוֹרֵ֤ד אוֹתָם֙ אֶל־הַמַּ֔יִם וְאֶצְרְפֶ֥נּוּ לְךָ֖ שָׁ֑ם וְהָיָ֡ה אֲשֶׁר֩ אֹמַ֨ר אֵלֶ֜יךָ זֶ֣ה ׀ יֵלֵ֣ךְ אִתָּ֗ךְ ה֚וּא יֵלֵ֣ךְ אִתָּ֔ךְ וְכֹ֨ל אֲשֶׁר־אֹמַ֜ר אֵלֶ֗יךָ זֶ֚ה לֹא־יֵלֵ֣ךְ עִמָּ֔ךְ ה֖וּא לֹ֥א יֵלֵֽךְ׃ # verse = JDG.7.4 1-2 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_7:4!1|MId=o070070040011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JDG_7:4!1|MId=o070070040012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070070040021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוָ֜ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JDG_7:4!2|MId=o070070040021|Strong=3068 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_7:4!3|MId=o070070040031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5 גִּדְע֗וֹן גִּדְעוֹן PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Gideon|Ref=JDG_7:4!4|MId=o070070040041|Strong=1439 6 עוֹד֮ עוֹד ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=still|Ref=JDG_7:4!5|MId=o070070040051|Strong=5750 7-8 הָעָ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_7:4!6|MId=o070070040061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 עָ֣ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=people|Ref=JDG_7:4!6|MId=o070070040062|Strong=5971 9 רָב֒ רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ Gloss=[is].numerous|Ref=JDG_7:4!7|MId=o070070040071|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 10 הוֹרֵ֤ד יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 9 parataxis _ Gloss=bring.down|Ref=JDG_7:4!8|MId=o070070040081|Strong=3381|Frame=AA:070070040041;A0:070070040092;|Type=imperative 11-12 אוֹתָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_7:4!9|MId=o070070040091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 12 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=JDG_7:4!9|MId=o070070040092|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 13 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_7:4!10|MId=o070070040101|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 הַמַּ֔יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_7:4!11|MId=o070070040111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 מַּ֔יִם מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 obl _ Gloss=water|Ref=JDG_7:4!11|MId=o070070040112|Strong=4325 16-18 וְאֶצְרְפֶ֥נּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=so|Ref=JDG_7:4!12|MId=o070070040121|Strong=2050b 17 אֶצְרְפ צָרַף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 9 conj _ Gloss=that|Ref=JDG_7:4!12|MId=o070070040122|Strong=6884|Frame=A0:070070040021;A1:070070040123;|Type=yiqtol 18 ֶ֥נּוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ Gloss=I.may.test.it|Ref=JDG_7:4!12|MId=o070070040123|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 19-20 לְךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 ל לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JDG_7:4!13|MId=o070070040131|Strong=3807a 20 ְךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 17 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_7:4!13|MId=o070070040132|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 21 שָׁ֑ם שָׁם ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=there|Ref=JDG_7:4!14|MId=o070070040141|Strong=8033 22-23 וְהָיָ֡ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_7:4!15|MId=o070070040151|Strong=2050b 23 הָיָ֡ה הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=JDG_7:4!15|MId=o070070040152|Strong=1961|Type=weqatal 24 אֲשֶׁר֩ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 25 mark _ Gloss=[the.one].whom|Ref=JDG_7:4!16|MId=o070070040161|Strong=0834|Type=relative 25 אֹמַ֨ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 34 dislocated _ Gloss=I.will.say|Ref=JDG_7:4!17|MId=o070070040171|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070070040021;A1:070070040201;|Type=yiqtol 26-27 אֵלֶ֜יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 אֵלֶ֜י אֶל ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_7:4!18|MId=o070070040181|Strong=0413 27 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_7:4!18|MId=o070070040182|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 28 זֶ֣ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 30 nsubj _ Gloss=this.[one]|Ref=JDG_7:4!19|MId=o070070040191|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 29 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=JDG_7:4!19 30 יֵלֵ֣ךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 25 ccomp _ Gloss=he.will.go|Ref=JDG_7:4!20|MId=o070070040201|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:070070040191;|Type=yiqtol 31-32 אִתָּ֗ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JDG_7:4!21|MId=o070070040211|Strong=0854 32 ָ֗ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 30 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_7:4!21|MId=o070070040212|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 33 ה֚וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=JDG_7:4!22|MId=o070070040221|Strong=1931|Type=personal 34 יֵלֵ֣ךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 parataxis _ Gloss=he.will.go|Ref=JDG_7:4!23|MId=o070070040231|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:070070040221;|Type=yiqtol 35-36 אִתָּ֔ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JDG_7:4!24|MId=o070070040241|Strong=0854 36 ָ֔ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 34 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_7:4!24|MId=o070070040242|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 37-38 וְכֹ֨ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 50 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_7:4!25|MId=o070070040251|Strong=2050b 38 כֹ֨ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 50 dislocated _ Gloss=every|Ref=JDG_7:4!25|MId=o070070040252|Strong=3605 39 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 40 mark _ Gloss=[one].whom|Ref=JDG_7:4!26|MId=o070070040261|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 40 אֹמַ֜ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 38 acl:relcl _ Gloss=I.will.say|Ref=JDG_7:4!27|MId=o070070040271|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070070040021;A1:070070040311;|Type=yiqtol 41-42 אֵלֶ֗יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 אֵלֶ֗י אֶל ADP _ _ 42 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_7:4!28|MId=o070070040281|Strong=0413 42 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 40 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_7:4!28|MId=o070070040282|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 43 זֶ֚ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 45 nsubj _ Gloss=this.[one]|Ref=JDG_7:4!29|MId=o070070040291|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 44 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 45 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JDG_7:4!30|MId=o070070040301|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 45 יֵלֵ֣ךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 40 ccomp _ Gloss=he.will.go|Ref=JDG_7:4!31|MId=o070070040311|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:070070040291;|Type=yiqtol 46-47 עִמָּ֔ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 47 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JDG_7:4!32|MId=o070070040321|Strong=5973 47 ָ֔ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 45 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_7:4!32|MId=o070070040322|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 48 ה֖וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 50 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=JDG_7:4!33|MId=o070070040331|Strong=1931|Type=personal 49 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 50 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JDG_7:4!34|MId=o070070040341|Strong=3808|Type=negative 50 יֵלֵֽךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=he.will.go|Ref=JDG_7:4!35|MId=o070070040351|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:070070040331;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 51 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 50 punct _ Ref=JDG_7:4!35 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | הוֹרֵד *bring down* | imperative · hiphil | ָם *them* | | | גִּדְעוֹן *Gideon* | | אֶצְרְפ *that* | yiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | ֶנּוּ *I may test it* | | | | אֹמַר *I will say* | yiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | יֵלֵךְ *he will go* | | | | יֵלֵךְ *he will go* | yiqtol · qal | זֶה *this \[one\]* | | | | | יֵלֵךְ *he will go* | yiqtol · qal | הוּא *he* | | | | | אֹמַר *I will say* | yiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | יֵלֵךְ *he will go* | | | | **not** יֵלֵךְ *he will go* | yiqtol · qal | זֶה *this \[one\]* | | | | | **not** יֵלֵֽךְ *he will go* | yiqtol · qal | הוּא *he* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר יְיָ לְגִדְעוֹן עוֹד עַמָא סַגִי אָחִית יַתְהוֹן לְמַיָא וְאֶבְחָרִינוּן לָךְ תַּמָן וִיהֵי דִי אֵימַר לָךְ דֵין יֵיזִיל עִמָךְ הוּא יֵיזִיל עִמָךְ וְכֹל דִי אֵימַר לָךְ דֵין לָא יֵיזִיל עִמָךְ הוּא לָא יֵיזִיל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the LORD said unto Gideon: 'The people are yet too many; bring them down unto the water, and I will try them for thee there; and it shall be, that of whom I say to thee: This shall go with thee, the same shall go with thee; and of whomsoever I say unto thee: This shall not go with thee, the same shall not go.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.202/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:188`. - ← previous: [Judges 7:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.7.3/) - next →: [Judges 7:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.7.5/) - ↑ back to [Judges 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/7/)