--- title: Judges 8:18 — Then said he unto Zebah and Zalmunna: 'Where are the men whom ye sle… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then said he unto Zebah and Zalmunna: 'Where are the men whom ye slew at Tabor?' And they answered: 'As thou art, so were they; of one form with the children of a king.' Who acts: Gideon, ye, men. Judges 8:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every c --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.8.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/8/) / 8:18 # Judges 8:18 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** Gideon, ye, men · **What happens:** say, be, slay, answer · **To what, where:** men, Tabor · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 8:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Gideon, ye, men — and what happens in the verse to men, Tabor, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אֶל־זֶ֙בַח֙ וְאֶל־צַלְמֻנָּ֔ע אֵיפֹה֙ הָאֲנָשִׁ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר הֲרַגְתֶּ֖ם בְּתָב֑וֹר וַֽיֹּאמרוּ֙כָּמ֣וֹךָ כְמוֹהֶ֔ם אֶחָ֕ד כְּתֹ֖אַר בְּנֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ [Then said he unto Zebah and Zalmunna: 'Where are the men whom ye slew at Tabor?' And they answered: 'As thou art, so were they; of one form with the children of a king.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.242/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:227 # text = וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אֶל־זֶ֙בַח֙ וְאֶל־צַלְמֻנָּ֔ע אֵיפֹה֙ הָאֲנָשִׁ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר הֲרַגְתֶּ֖ם בְּתָב֑וֹר וַֽיֹּאמרוּ֙כָּמ֣וֹךָ כְמוֹהֶ֔ם אֶחָ֕ד כְּתֹ֖אַר בְּנֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ # verse = JDG.8.18 1-2 וַיֹּ֗אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_8:18!1|MId=o070080180011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֗אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JDG_8:18!1|MId=o070080180012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070080130021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_8:18!2|MId=o070080180021|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 4 זֶ֙בַח֙ זֶבַח PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Zebah|Ref=JDG_8:18!3|MId=o070080180031|Strong=2078 5-6 וְאֶל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_8:18!4|MId=o070080180041|Strong=2050b 6 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_8:18!4|MId=o070080180042|Strong=0413 7 צַלְמֻנָּ֔ע צַלְמֻנָּע PROPN _ _ 4 conj _ Gloss=Zalmunna|Ref=JDG_8:18!5|MId=o070080180051|Strong=6759 8 אֵיפֹה֙ אֵיפֹה PART _ _ 2 ccomp _ Gloss=where?|Ref=JDG_8:18!6|MId=o070080180061|Strong=0375|Type=interrogative 9-10 הָאֲנָשִׁ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=[are].the|Ref=JDG_8:18!7|MId=o070080180071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 אֲנָשִׁ֔ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ Gloss=men|Ref=JDG_8:18!7|MId=o070080180072|Strong=0376 11 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=JDG_8:18!8|MId=o070080180081|Strong=0834|Type=relative 12 הֲרַגְתֶּ֖ם הָרַג VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 10 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.killed|Ref=JDG_8:18!9|MId=o070080180091|Strong=2026|Frame=A0:070080180031;070080180051;A1:070080180072;|Type=qatal 13-14 בְּתָב֑וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=JDG_8:18!10|MId=o070080180101|Strong=0871a 14 תָב֑וֹר תָּבוֹר PROPN _ _ 12 obl _ Gloss=Tabor|Ref=JDG_8:18!10|MId=o070080180102|Strong=8396 15-18 וַֽיֹּאמרוּ֙כָּמ֣וֹךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_8:18!11|MId=o070080180111|Strong=2050b 16 יֹּאמרוּ֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=JDG_8:18!11|MId=o070080180112|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070080180031;070080180051;|Type=wayyiqtol 17 כָּמ֣וֹ כְּמוֹ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=JDG_8:18!12|MId=o070080180121|Strong=3644 18 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_8:18!12|MId=o070080180122|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 19-20 כְמוֹהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 כְמוֹ כְּמוֹ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=JDG_8:18!13|MId=o070080180131|Strong=3644 20 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 ccomp _ Gloss=them|Ref=JDG_8:18!13|MId=o070080180132|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 21 אֶחָ֕ד אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ Gloss=one|Ref=JDG_8:18!14|MId=o070080180141|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number 22-23 כְּתֹ֖אַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=[was].like|Ref=JDG_8:18!15|MId=o070080180151|Strong=3509a 23 תֹ֖אַר תֹּאַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 parataxis _ Gloss=the.appearance|Ref=JDG_8:18!15|MId=o070080180152|Strong=8389 24 בְּנֵ֥י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.sons|Ref=JDG_8:18!16|MId=o070080180161|Strong=1121 25-26 הַמֶּֽלֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_8:18!17|MId=o070080180171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 מֶּֽלֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JDG_8:18!17|MId=o070080180172|Strong=4428 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=JDG_8:18!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | הֲרַגְתֶּם *you killed* | qatal · qal | זֶבַח *Zebah* + צַלְמֻנָּע *Zalmunna* | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | יֹּאמרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | זֶבַח *Zebah* + צַלְמֻנָּע *Zalmunna* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לְזֶבַח וּלְצַלְמֻנָע הֵיכָא גַבְרַיָא דִקְטַלְתּוּן בְּתָבוֹר וַאֲמַרוּ כְּוָתָךְ כֵּן אַף אִינוּן חַד מִנְהוֹן כְּחֶזְוָא דִבְנֵי מַלְכָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then said he unto Zebah and Zalmunna: 'Where are the men whom ye slew at Tabor?' And they answered: 'As thou art, so were they; of one form with the children of a king.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.242/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:227`. - ← previous: [Judges 8:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.8.17/) - next →: [Judges 8:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.8.19/) - ↑ back to [Judges 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/8/)