--- title: Judges 8:21 — Then Zebah and Zalmunna said: 'Rise thou, and fall upon us; for as t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then Zebah and Zalmunna said: 'Rise thou, and fall upon us; for as the man is, so is his strength.' And Gideon arose, and slew Zebah and Zalmunna, and took the crescents that were on their camels' necks. Who acts: Zebah, thou, Gideon, crescents. Judges 8:21 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.8.21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/8/) / 8:21 # Judges 8:21 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** Zebah, thou, Gideon, crescents · **What happens:** say, rise, fall, be, arise, slay · **To what, where:** man, strength, Zebah, crescents, necks · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 8:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Zebah, thou, Gideon, crescents — and what happens in the verse to man, strength, Zebah, crescents, necks, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֜אמֶר זֶ֣בַח וְצַלְמֻנָּ֗ע ק֤וּם אַתָּה֙ וּפְגַע־בָּ֔נוּ כִּ֥י כָאִ֖ישׁ גְּבוּרָת֑וֹ וַיָּ֣קָם גִּדְע֗וֹן וַֽיַּהֲרֹג֙ אֶת־זֶ֣בַח וְאֶת־צַלְמֻנָּ֔ע וַיִּקַּח֙ אֶת־הַשַּׂ֣הֲרֹנִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּצַוְּארֵ֥י גְמַלֵּיהֶֽם׃ [Then Zebah and Zalmunna said: 'Rise thou, and fall upon us; for as the man is, so is his strength.' And Gideon arose, and slew Zebah and Zalmunna, and took the crescents that were on their camels' necks.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.245/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:230 # text = וַיֹּ֜אמֶר זֶ֣בַח וְצַלְמֻנָּ֗ע ק֤וּם אַתָּה֙ וּפְגַע־בָּ֔נוּ כִּ֥י כָאִ֖ישׁ גְּבוּרָת֑וֹ וַיָּ֣קָם גִּדְע֗וֹן וַֽיַּהֲרֹג֙ אֶת־זֶ֣בַח וְאֶת־צַלְמֻנָּ֔ע וַיִּקַּח֙ אֶת־הַשַּׂ֣הֲרֹנִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּצַוְּארֵ֥י גְמַלֵּיהֶֽם׃ # verse = JDG.8.21 1-2 וַיֹּ֜אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_8:21!1|MId=o070080210011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֜אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JDG_8:21!1|MId=o070080210012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070080210021;070080210032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 זֶ֣בַח זֶבַח PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Zebah|Ref=JDG_8:21!2|MId=o070080210021|Strong=2078 4-5 וְצַלְמֻנָּ֗ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_8:21!3|MId=o070080210031|Strong=2050b 5 צַלְמֻנָּ֗ע צַלְמֻנָּע PROPN _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=Zalmunna|Ref=JDG_8:21!3|MId=o070080210032|Strong=6759 6 ק֤וּם קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=arise|Ref=JDG_8:21!4|MId=o070080210041|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:070080210051;|Type=imperative 7 אַתָּה֙ אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_8:21!5|MId=o070080210051|Strong=0859|Type=personal 8-9 וּפְגַע־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_8:21!6|MId=o070080210061|Strong=2050b 9 פְגַע־ פָּגַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 6 conj _ Gloss=fall|Ref=JDG_8:21!6|MId=o070080210062|Strong=6293|Frame=A0:070080130021;|Type=imperative 10-11 בָּ֔נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JDG_8:21!7|MId=o070080210071|Strong=0871a 11 ָ֔נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=JDG_8:21!7|MId=o070080210072|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 12 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JDG_8:21!8|MId=o070080210081|Strong=3588 13-15 כָאִ֖ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 כָ כְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=[is].like|Ref=JDG_8:21!9|MId=o070080210091|Strong=3509a 14 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_8:21!9|MId=o070080210091ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 אִ֖ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 advcl _ Gloss=man|Ref=JDG_8:21!9|MId=o070080210092|Strong=0376 16-17 גְּבוּרָת֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 גְּבוּרָת גְּבוּרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Gloss=strength|Ref=JDG_8:21!10|MId=o070080210101|Strong=1369 17 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_8:21!10|MId=o070080210102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18-19 וַיָּ֣קָם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_8:21!11|MId=o070080210111|Strong=2050b 19 יָּ֣קָם קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.arose|Ref=JDG_8:21!11|MId=o070080210112|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:070080210121;|Type=wayyiqtol 20 גִּדְע֗וֹן גִּדְעוֹן PROPN _ _ 19 nsubj _ Gloss=Gideon|Ref=JDG_8:21!12|MId=o070080210121|Strong=1439 21-22 וַֽיַּהֲרֹג֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_8:21!13|MId=o070080210131|Strong=2050b 22 יַּהֲרֹג֙ הָרַג VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.killed|Ref=JDG_8:21!13|MId=o070080210132|Strong=2026|Frame=A0:070080210121;A1:070080210151;070080210171;|Type=wayyiqtol 23 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_8:21!14|MId=o070080210141|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 24 זֶ֣בַח זֶבַח PROPN _ _ 22 obj _ Gloss=Zebah|Ref=JDG_8:21!15|MId=o070080210151|Strong=2078 25-26 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_8:21!16|MId=o070080210161|Strong=2050b 26 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_8:21!16|MId=o070080210162|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 27 צַלְמֻנָּ֔ע צַלְמֻנָּע PROPN _ _ 24 conj _ Gloss=Zalmunna|Ref=JDG_8:21!17|MId=o070080210171|Strong=6759 28-29 וַיִּקַּח֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_8:21!18|MId=o070080210181|Strong=2050b 29 יִּקַּח֙ לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.took|Ref=JDG_8:21!18|MId=o070080210182|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:070080210121;A1:070080210202;|Type=wayyiqtol 30 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_8:21!19|MId=o070080210191|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 31-32 הַשַּׂ֣הֲרֹנִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_8:21!20|MId=o070080210201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 שַּׂ֣הֲרֹנִ֔ים שַׂהֲרֹנִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 29 obj _ Gloss=ornaments|Ref=JDG_8:21!20|MId=o070080210202|Strong=7720 33 אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 35 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JDG_8:21!21|MId=o070080210211|Strong=0834|Type=relative 34-35 בְּצַוְּארֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=[were].on|Ref=JDG_8:21!22|MId=o070080210221|Strong=0871a 35 צַוְּארֵ֥י צַוָּאר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 32 acl:relcl _ Gloss=the.necks|Ref=JDG_8:21!22|MId=o070080210222|Strong=6677 36-37 גְמַלֵּיהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 גְמַלֵּי גָּמָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 35 compound:smixut _ Gloss=their.camels|Ref=JDG_8:21!23|MId=o070080210231|Strong=1581 37 הֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JDG_8:21!23|MId=o070080210232|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=JDG_8:21!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | זֶבַח *Zebah* + צַלְמֻנָּע *Zalmunna* | | | | | קוּם *arise* | imperative · qal | אַתָּה *you* | | | | | פְגַע־ *fall* | imperative · qal | | | | | | יָּקָם *he arose* | wayyiqtol · qal | גִּדְעוֹן *Gideon* | | | | | יַּהֲרֹג *he killed* | wayyiqtol · qal | גִּדְעוֹן *Gideon* | זֶבַח *Zebah* + צַלְמֻנָּע *Zalmunna* | | | | יִּקַּח *he took* | wayyiqtol · qal | גִּדְעוֹן *Gideon* | שַּׂהֲרֹנִים *ornaments* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר זֶבַח וְצַלְמֻנָע קוּם אַתְּ וּשְׁלַט בָּנָא אֲרֵי כְגַבְרָא כֵּן גְבוּרְתֵּיהּ וְקָם גִדְעוֹן וּקְטַל יַת זֶבַח וְיַת צַלְמֻנָע וּנְסִיב יַת עִנְקַיָא דִי בְצַוְארֵי גְמַלֵיהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then Zebah and Zalmunna said: 'Rise thou, and fall upon us; for as the man is, so is his strength.' And Gideon arose, and slew Zebah and Zalmunna, and took the crescents that were on their camels' necks.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.245/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:230`. - ← previous: [Judges 8:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.8.20/) - next →: [Judges 8:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.8.22/) - ↑ back to [Judges 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/8/)