--- title: Judges 9:40 — And Abimelech chased him, and he fled before him, and there fell man… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Abimelech chased him, and he fled before him, and there fell many wounded, even unto the entrance of the gate. Who acts: Abimelech, Gaal, many wounded. Judges 9:40 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.40/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/9/) / 9:40 # Judges 9:40 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** Abimelech, Gaal, many wounded · **What happens:** chase, flee, fall · **To what, where:** Gaal This is Judges 9:40 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Abimelech, Gaal, many wounded — and what happens in the verse to Gaal, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּרְדְּפֵ֣הוּ אֲבִימֶ֔לֶךְ וַיָּ֖נָס מִפָּנָ֑יו וַֽיִּפְּל֛וּ חֲלָלִ֥ים רַבִּ֖ים עַד־פֶּ֥תַח הַשָּֽׁעַר׃ [And Abimelech chased him, and he fled before him, and there fell many wounded, even unto the entrance of the gate.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.300/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:284 # text = וַיִּרְדְּפֵ֣הוּ אֲבִימֶ֔לֶךְ וַיָּ֖נָס מִפָּנָ֑יו וַֽיִּפְּל֛וּ חֲלָלִ֥ים רַבִּ֖ים עַד־פֶּ֥תַח הַשָּֽׁעַר׃ # verse = JDG.9.40 1-3 וַיִּרְדְּפֵ֣הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:40!1|MId=o070090400011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּרְדְּפ רָדַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he|Ref=JDG_9:40!1|MId=o070090400012|Strong=7291|Frame=A1:070090400013;A0:070090400021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ֵ֣הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ Gloss=pursued.him|Ref=JDG_9:40!1|MId=o070090400013|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 4 אֲבִימֶ֔לֶךְ אֲבִימֶלֶךְ PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Abimelech|Ref=JDG_9:40!2|MId=o070090400021|Strong=0040 5-6 וַיָּ֖נָס _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:40!3|MId=o070090400031|Strong=2050b 6 יָּ֖נָס נוּס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.fled|Ref=JDG_9:40!3|MId=o070090400032|Strong=5127|Frame=A0:070090390021;|Type=wayyiqtol 7-9 מִפָּנָ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JDG_9:40!4|MId=o070090400041|Strong=4480 8 פָּנָ֑י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 6 obl _ Gloss=before|Ref=JDG_9:40!4|MId=o070090400042|Strong=6440 9 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=him|Ref=JDG_9:40!4|MId=o070090400043|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10-11 וַֽיִּפְּל֛וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:40!5|MId=o070090400051|Strong=2050b 11 יִּפְּל֛וּ נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.fell|Ref=JDG_9:40!5|MId=o070090400052|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:070090400061;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 חֲלָלִ֥ים חָלָל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ Gloss=[those].fatally.wounded|Ref=JDG_9:40!6|MId=o070090400061|Strong=2491|Type=adjective 13 רַבִּ֖ים רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 amod _ Gloss=many|Ref=JDG_9:40!7|MId=o070090400071|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 14 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_9:40!8|MId=o070090400081|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 15 פֶּ֥תַח פֶּתַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=the.entrance|Ref=JDG_9:40!9|MId=o070090400091|Strong=6607 16-17 הַשָּֽׁעַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_9:40!10|MId=o070090400101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 שָּֽׁעַר שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.gate|Ref=JDG_9:40!10|MId=o070090400102|Strong=8179 18 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 17 punct _ Ref=JDG_9:40!10 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּרְדְּפ *he* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲבִימֶלֶךְ *Abimelech* | ֵהוּ *pursued him* | | | | יָּנָס *he fled* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יִּפְּלוּ *they fell* | wayyiqtol · qal | חֲלָלִים *\[those\] fatally wounded* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְרַדְפֵיהּ אֲבִימֶלֶךְ וְאַפַּךְ מִן קֳדָמוֹהִי וּנְפַלוּ קְטוֹלִין סַגִיאִין עַד מַעֲלָנָא דְתַרְעָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Abimelech chased him, and he fled before him, and there fell many wounded, even unto the entrance of the gate.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.300/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:284`. - ← previous: [Judges 9:39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.39/) - next →: [Judges 9:41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.41/) - ↑ back to [Judges 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/9/)