--- title: Judges 9:49 — And all the people likewise cut down every man his bough, and follow… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And all the people likewise cut down every man his bough, and followed Abimelech, and put them to the hold, and set the hold on fire upon them; so that all the men of the tower of Shechem died also, about a thousand men and women. Who acts: people, men. Judges 9:49 in Hebrew with its dependency tree --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.49/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/9/) / 9:49 # Judges 9:49 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** people, men · **What happens:** cut down, follow, put, set, die · **To what, where:** man, Abimelech, people, hold, fire, thousand men This is Judges 9:49 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, men — and what happens in the verse to man, Abimelech, people, hold, fire, thousand men, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּכְרְת֨וּ גַם־כָּל־הָעָ֜ם אִ֣ישׁ שׂוֹכֹ֗ה וַיֵּ֨לְכ֜וּ אַחֲרֵ֤י אֲבִימֶ֙לֶךְ֙ וַיָּשִׂ֣ימוּ עַֽל־הַצְּרִ֔יחַ וַיַּצִּ֧יתוּ עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם אֶֽת־הַצְּרִ֖יחַ בָּאֵ֑שׁ וַיָּמֻ֜תוּ גַּ֣ם כָּל־אַנְשֵׁ֧י מִֽגְדַּל־שְׁכֶ֛םמִֽגְדַּל־שְׁכֶ֛ם כְּאֶ֖לֶף אִ֥ישׁ וְאִשָּֽׁה׃פ [And all the people likewise cut down every man his bough, and followed Abimelech, and put them to the hold, and set the hold on fire upon them; so that all the men of the tower of Shechem died also, about a thousand men and women.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.309/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:293 # text = וַיִּכְרְת֨וּ גַם־כָּל־הָעָ֜ם אִ֣ישׁ שׂוֹכֹ֗ה וַיֵּ֨לְכ֜וּ אַחֲרֵ֤י אֲבִימֶ֙לֶךְ֙ וַיָּשִׂ֣ימוּ עַֽל־הַצְּרִ֔יחַ וַיַּצִּ֧יתוּ עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם אֶֽת־הַצְּרִ֖יחַ בָּאֵ֑שׁ וַיָּמֻ֜תוּ גַּ֣ם כָּל־אַנְשֵׁ֧י מִֽגְדַּל־שְׁכֶ֛םמִֽגְדַּל־שְׁכֶ֛ם כְּאֶ֖לֶף אִ֥ישׁ וְאִשָּֽׁה׃פ # verse = JDG.9.49 1-2 וַיִּכְרְת֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:49!1|MId=o070090490011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּכְרְת֨וּ כָּרַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.cut.off|Ref=JDG_9:49!1|MId=o070090490012|Strong=3772|Frame=A0:070090490042;A1:070090490061;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 גַם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=JDG_9:49!2|MId=o070090490021|Strong=1571|SpaceAfter=No 4 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JDG_9:49!3|MId=o070090490031|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 הָעָ֜ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_9:49!4|MId=o070090490041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 עָ֜ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=people|Ref=JDG_9:49!4|MId=o070090490042|Strong=5971 7 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=everyone|Ref=JDG_9:49!5|MId=o070090490051|Strong=0376 8-9 שׂוֹכֹ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 שׂוֹכ שׂוֹךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=branch|Ref=JDG_9:49!6|MId=o070090490061|Strong=7754 9 ֹ֗ה הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his.own|Ref=JDG_9:49!6|MId=o070090490062|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10-11 וַיֵּ֨לְכ֜וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:49!7|MId=o070090490071|Strong=2050b 11 יֵּ֨לְכ֜וּ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.went|Ref=JDG_9:49!7|MId=o070090490072|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:070090490042;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 אַחֲרֵ֤י אַחַר ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=JDG_9:49!8|MId=o070090490081|Strong=0310 13 אֲבִימֶ֙לֶךְ֙ אֲבִימֶלֶךְ PROPN _ _ 11 obl _ Gloss=Abimelech|Ref=JDG_9:49!9|MId=o070090490091|Strong=0040 14-15 וַיָּשִׂ֣ימוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:49!10|MId=o070090490101|Strong=2050b 15 יָּשִׂ֣ימוּ שׂים VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.put.[them]|Ref=JDG_9:49!10|MId=o070090490102|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:070090490042;A1:070090490061;|Type=wayyiqtol 16 עַֽל־ עַל ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=JDG_9:49!11|MId=o070090490111|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 הַצְּרִ֔יחַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the.underground|Ref=JDG_9:49!12|MId=o070090490121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 צְּרִ֔יחַ צְרִיחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=chamber|Ref=JDG_9:49!12|MId=o070090490122|Strong=6877 19-20 וַיַּצִּ֧יתוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:49!13|MId=o070090490131|Strong=2050b 20 יַּצִּ֧יתוּ יָצַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.set.on.fire|Ref=JDG_9:49!13|MId=o070090490132|Strong=3341|Frame=AA:070090490042;A0:070090490162;|Type=wayyiqtol 21-22 עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 עֲלֵי עַל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=JDG_9:49!14|MId=o070090490141|Strong=5921 22 הֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JDG_9:49!14|MId=o070090490142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 23 אֶֽת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_9:49!15|MId=o070090490151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 24-25 הַצְּרִ֖יחַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the.underground|Ref=JDG_9:49!16|MId=o070090490161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 צְּרִ֖יחַ צְרִיחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obj _ Gloss=chamber|Ref=JDG_9:49!16|MId=o070090490162|Strong=6877 26-28 בָּאֵ֑שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JDG_9:49!17|MId=o070090490171|Strong=0871a 27 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JDG_9:49!17|MId=o070090490171ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 אֵ֑שׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=JDG_9:49!17|MId=o070090490172|Strong=0784 29-30 וַיָּמֻ֜תוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:49!18|MId=o070090490181|Strong=2050b 30 יָּמֻ֜תוּ מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.died|Ref=JDG_9:49!18|MId=o070090490182|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:070090490211;|Type=wayyiqtol 31 גַּ֣ם גַּם ADV _ _ 32 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=JDG_9:49!19|MId=o070090490191|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 32 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JDG_9:49!20|MId=o070090490201|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 33 אַנְשֵׁ֧י אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.men|Ref=JDG_9:49!21|MId=o070090490211|Strong=0376 34-35 מִֽגְדַּל־שְׁכֶ֛םמִֽגְדַּל־שְׁכֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 מִֽגְדַּל־שְׁכֶ֛ם מִגְדָּל NOUN _ Number=Sing 33 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_9:49!22|MId=o070090490221 35 מִֽגְדַּל־שְׁכֶ֛ם שְׁכֶם PROPN _ _ 33 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.tower.of.Shechem|Ref=JDG_9:49!23|MId=o070090490231 36-37 כְּאֶ֖לֶף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=about|Ref=JDG_9:49!24|MId=o070090490241|Strong=3509a 37 אֶ֖לֶף אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Sing 38 nummod _ Gloss=a.thousand|Ref=JDG_9:49!24|MId=o070090490242|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 38 אִ֥ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 parataxis _ Gloss=man|Ref=JDG_9:49!25|MId=o070090490251|Strong=0376 39-40 וְאִשָּֽׁה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 40 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:49!26|MId=o070090490261|Strong=2050b 40 אִשָּֽׁה אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 38 conj _ Gloss=woman|Ref=JDG_9:49!26|MId=o070090490262|Strong=0802 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=JDG_9:49!26|SpaceAfter=No 42 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=JDG_9:49!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּכְרְתוּ *they cut off* | wayyiqtol · qal | עָם *people* | שׂוֹכ *branch* | | | | יֵּלְכוּ *they went* | wayyiqtol · qal | עָם *people* | | | | | יָּשִׂימוּ *they put \[them\]* | wayyiqtol · qal | עָם *people* | שׂוֹכ *branch* | | | | יַּצִּיתוּ *they set on fire* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | צְּרִיחַ *chamber* | | | עָם *people* | | יָּמֻתוּ *they died* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַנְשֵׁי *the men* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְקָצוּ אַף כָּל עַמָא גְבַר סוֹכֵיה וַאֲזַלוּ בָּתַר אֲבִימֶלֶךְ וְשַׁוִיאוּ עַל צְרִיחַ וְאַדְלִיקוּ עֲלֵיהוֹן יַת צְרִיחַ בְּנוּרָא וְאִתְקְטָלוּ אַף כָּל אֱנָשֵׁי מִגְדַל שְׁכֶם כְּאֶלֶף גְבַר וְאִתְּתָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And all the people likewise cut down every man his bough, and followed Abimelech, and put them to the hold, and set the hold on fire upon them; so that all the men of the tower of Shechem died also, about a thousand men and women.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.309/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:293`. - ← previous: [Judges 9:48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.48/) - next →: [Judges 9:50](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.50/) - ↑ back to [Judges 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/9/)