--- title: Judges 9:51 — But there was a strong tower within the city, and thither fled all t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But there was a strong tower within the city, and thither fled all the men and women, even all they of the city, and shut themselves in, and got them up to the roof of the tower. Who acts: men. Judges 9:51 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clau --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.51/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/9/) / 9:51 # Judges 9:51 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** men · **What happens:** flee, shut in, get up · **To what, where:** men This is Judges 9:51 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men — and what happens in the verse to men, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּמִגְדַּל־עֹז֮ הָיָ֣ה בְתוֹךְ־הָעִיר֒ וַיָּנֻ֨סוּ שָׁ֜מָּה כָּל־הָאֲנָשִׁ֣ים וְהַנָּשִׁ֗ים וְכֹל֙ בַּעֲלֵ֣י הָעִ֔יר וַֽיִּסְגְּר֖וּ בַּעֲדָ֑ם וַֽיַּעֲל֖וּ עַל־גַּ֥ג הַמִּגְדָּֽל׃ [But there was a strong tower within the city, and thither fled all the men and women, even all they of the city, and shut themselves in, and got them up to the roof of the tower.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.311/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:295 # text = וּמִגְדַּל־עֹז֮ הָיָ֣ה בְתוֹךְ־הָעִיר֒ וַיָּנֻ֨סוּ שָׁ֜מָּה כָּל־הָאֲנָשִׁ֣ים וְהַנָּשִׁ֗ים וְכֹל֙ בַּעֲלֵ֣י הָעִ֔יר וַֽיִּסְגְּר֖וּ בַּעֲדָ֑ם וַֽיַּעֲל֖וּ עַל־גַּ֥ג הַמִּגְדָּֽל׃ # verse = JDG.9.51 1-2 וּמִגְדַּל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:51!1|MId=o070090510011|Strong=2050b 2 מִגְדַּל־ מִגְדָּל NOUN _ Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=a.tower|Ref=JDG_9:51!1|MId=o070090510012|Strong=4026 3 עֹז֮ עֹז NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.strength|Ref=JDG_9:51!2|MId=o070090510021|Strong=5797 4 הָיָ֣ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 cop _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=JDG_9:51!3|MId=o070090510031|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:070090510012;|Type=qatal 5-6 בְתוֹךְ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_9:51!4|MId=o070090510041|Strong=0871a 6 תוֹךְ־ תָּוֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=the.middle|Ref=JDG_9:51!4|MId=o070090510042|Strong=8432 7-8 הָעִיר֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_9:51!5|MId=o070090510051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 עִיר֒ עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.city|Ref=JDG_9:51!5|MId=o070090510052|Strong=5892 9-10 וַיָּנֻ֨סוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:51!6|MId=o070090510061|Strong=2050b 10 יָּנֻ֨סוּ נוּס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=they.fled|Ref=JDG_9:51!6|MId=o070090510062|Strong=5127|Frame=A0:070090510092;070090510103;070090510121;|Type=wayyiqtol 11-12 שָׁ֜מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 שָׁ֜מּ שָׁם ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_9:51!7|MId=o070090510071|Strong=8033 12 ָה ה X _ _ 11 nmod _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=JDG_9:51!7|MId=o070090510072|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 13 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JDG_9:51!8|MId=o070090510081|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 הָאֲנָשִׁ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_9:51!9|MId=o070090510091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 אֲנָשִׁ֣ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=men|Ref=JDG_9:51!9|MId=o070090510092|Strong=0376 16-18 וְהַנָּשִׁ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:51!10|MId=o070090510101|Strong=2050b 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_9:51!10|MId=o070090510102|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 נָּשִׁ֗ים אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 15 conj _ Gloss=women|Ref=JDG_9:51!10|MId=o070090510103|Strong=0802 19-20 וְכֹל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:51!11|MId=o070090510111|Strong=2050b 20 כֹל֙ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JDG_9:51!11|MId=o070090510112|Strong=3605 21 בַּעֲלֵ֣י בַּעַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.citizens|Ref=JDG_9:51!12|MId=o070090510121|Strong=1167 22-23 הָעִ֔יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_9:51!13|MId=o070090510131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 עִ֔יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.city|Ref=JDG_9:51!13|MId=o070090510132|Strong=5892 24-25 וַֽיִּסְגְּר֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:51!14|MId=o070090510141|Strong=2050b 25 יִּסְגְּר֖וּ סָגַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=they.shut.the.door|Ref=JDG_9:51!14|MId=o070090510142|Strong=5462|Frame=A0:070090510092;070090510103;070090510121;|Type=wayyiqtol 26-27 בַּעֲדָ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בַּעֲד בַּעַד ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=behind|Ref=JDG_9:51!15|MId=o070090510151|Strong=1157 27 ָ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JDG_9:51!15|MId=o070090510152|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 28-29 וַֽיַּעֲל֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:51!16|MId=o070090510161|Strong=2050b 29 יַּעֲל֖וּ עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=they.went.up|Ref=JDG_9:51!16|MId=o070090510162|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:070090510092;070090510103;070090510121;|Type=wayyiqtol 30 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JDG_9:51!17|MId=o070090510171|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 31 גַּ֥ג גָּג NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 obl _ Gloss=the.roof|Ref=JDG_9:51!18|MId=o070090510181|Strong=1406 32-33 הַמִּגְדָּֽל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_9:51!19|MId=o070090510191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 מִּגְדָּֽל מִגְדָּל NOUN _ Number=Sing 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.tower|Ref=JDG_9:51!19|MId=o070090510192|Strong=4026 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=JDG_9:51!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָיָה *it was* | qatal · qal | מִגְדַּל־ *a tower* | | | | | יָּנֻסוּ *they fled* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* + נָּשִׁים *women* + בַּעֲלֵי *the citizens* | | | | | יִּסְגְּרוּ *they shut the door* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* + נָּשִׁים *women* + בַּעֲלֵי *the citizens* | | | | | יַּעֲלוּ *they went up* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* + נָּשִׁים *women* + בַּעֲלֵי *the citizens* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּמִגְדַל תַּקִיף הֲוָה בְּגוֹ קַרְתָּא וְאַפִיכוּ לְתַמָן כָּל גַבְרַיָא וּנְשַׁיָא וְכָל יַתְבֵי קַרְתָּא וְאַגִיפוּ בְּאַפֵּיהוֹן וּסְלִיקוּ עַל אִגַר מִגְדָלָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But there was a strong tower within the city, and thither fled all the men and women, even all they of the city, and shut themselves in, and got them up to the roof of the tower.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.311/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:295`. - ← previous: [Judges 9:50](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.50/) - next →: [Judges 9:52](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.52/) - ↑ back to [Judges 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/9/)