--- title: Judges 9:9 — But the olive-tree said unto them: Should I leave my fatness, seeing… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But the olive-tree said unto them: Should I leave my fatness, seeing that by me they honour God and man, and go to hold sway over the trees? Who acts: olive tree, I, trees. Judges 9:9 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/9/) / 9:9 # Judges 9:9 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** olive tree, I, trees · **What happens:** say, leave, see, honour, go, hold · **To what, where:** fatness, God, sway, trees · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 9:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — olive tree, I, trees — and what happens in the verse to fatness, God, sway, trees, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לָהֶם֙ הַזַּ֔יִת הֶחֳדַ֙לְתִּי֙ אֶת־דִּשְׁנִ֔י אֲשֶׁר־בִּ֛י יְכַבְּד֥וּ אֱלֹהִ֖ים וַאֲנָשִׁ֑ים וְהָ֣לַכְתִּ֔י לָנ֖וּעַ עַל־הָעֵצִֽים׃ [But the olive-tree said unto them: Should I leave my fatness, seeing that by me they honour God and man, and go to hold sway over the trees?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.269/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:253 # text = וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לָהֶם֙ הַזַּ֔יִת הֶחֳדַ֙לְתִּי֙ אֶת־דִּשְׁנִ֔י אֲשֶׁר־בִּ֛י יְכַבְּד֥וּ אֱלֹהִ֖ים וַאֲנָשִׁ֑ים וְהָ֣לַכְתִּ֔י לָנ֖וּעַ עַל־הָעֵצִֽים׃ # verse = JDG.9.9 1-2 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:9!1|MId=o070090090011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.said|Ref=JDG_9:9!1|MId=o070090090012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070090090032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 לָהֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 ל לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_9:9!2|MId=o070090090021|Strong=3807a 4 ָהֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JDG_9:9!2|MId=o070090090022|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5-6 הַזַּ֔יִת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the.olive|Ref=JDG_9:9!3|MId=o070090090031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 זַּ֔יִת זַיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=tree|Ref=JDG_9:9!3|MId=o070090090032|Strong=2132 7-8 הֶחֳדַ֙לְתִּי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הֶ הַ PART _ _ 8 advmod _ Gloss=will|Ref=JDG_9:9!4|MId=o070090090041|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 8 חֳדַ֙לְתִּי֙ חָדַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 ccomp _ Gloss=I.cease?|Ref=JDG_9:9!4|MId=o070090090042|Strong=2308|Frame=A0:070090090032;A1:070090090061;|Type=qatal 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_9:9!5|MId=o070090090051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 10-11 דִּשְׁנִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 דִּשְׁנ דֶּשֶׁן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obj _ Gloss=fatness|Ref=JDG_9:9!6|MId=o070090090061|Strong=1880 11 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JDG_9:9!6|MId=o070090090062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 12 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JDG_9:9!7|MId=o070090090071|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 13-14 בִּ֛י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=JDG_9:9!8|MId=o070090090081|Strong=0871a 14 ִ֛י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=JDG_9:9!8|MId=o070090090082|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 15 יְכַבְּד֥וּ כָּבֵד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 10 acl:relcl _ Gloss=people.honor|Ref=JDG_9:9!9|MId=o070090090091|Strong=3513|Frame=A0:;A1:070090090101;070090090112;|Type=yiqtol 16 אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 obj _ Gloss=gods|Ref=JDG_9:9!10|MId=o070090090101|Strong=0430 17-18 וַאֲנָשִׁ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:9!11|MId=o070090090111|Strong=2050b 18 אֲנָשִׁ֑ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 conj _ Gloss=men|Ref=JDG_9:9!11|MId=o070090090112|Strong=0376 19-20 וְהָ֣לַכְתִּ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_9:9!12|MId=o070090090121|Strong=2050b 20 הָ֣לַכְתִּ֔י הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 8 conj _ Gloss=will.I.go|Ref=JDG_9:9!12|MId=o070090090122|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:070090090032;|Type=weqatal 21-22 לָנ֖וּעַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_9:9!13|MId=o070090090131|Strong=3807a 22 נ֖וּעַ נוּעַ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 20 advcl _ Gloss=sway|Ref=JDG_9:9!13|MId=o070090090132|Strong=5128|Frame=A0:070090090032;|Type=infinitive_construct 23 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=JDG_9:9!14|MId=o070090090141|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 24-25 הָעֵצִֽים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_9:9!15|MId=o070090090151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 עֵצִֽים עֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 22 obl _ Gloss=trees|Ref=JDG_9:9!15|MId=o070090090152|Strong=6086 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=JDG_9:9!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *it said* | wayyiqtol · qal | זַּיִת *tree* | | | | | חֳדַלְתִּי *I cease?* | qatal · qal | זַּיִת *tree* | דִּשְׁנ *fatness* | | | | יְכַבְּדוּ *people honor* | yiqtol · piel | | אֱלֹהִים *gods* + אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | הָלַכְתִּי *will I go* | weqatal · qal | זַּיִת *tree* | | | | | נוּעַ *sway* | infinitive construct · qal | זַּיִת *tree* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן זֵיתָא הַאֶשְׁבּוֹק יַת מִשְׁחִי דְמִנֵיהּ מְיַקְרִין קֳדָם יְיָ וּבֵיהּ מִתְפַּנְקִין בְּנֵי אֱנָשָׁא וְאֵהַךְ לְמֶעְבַּד מַלְכוּ עַל אִילָנַיָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But the olive-tree said unto them: Should I leave my fatness, seeing that by me they honour God and man, and go to hold sway over the trees?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.269/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:253`. - ← previous: [Judges 9:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.8/) - next →: [Judges 9:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.10/) - ↑ back to [Judges 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/9/)