--- title: Jeremiah 10:2 — thus saith the LORD: Learn not the way of the nations, and be not di… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: thus saith the LORD: Learn not the way of the nations, and be not dismayed at the signs of heaven; for the nations are dismayed at them. Who acts: LORD. Jeremiah 10:2 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.10.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/10/) / 10:2 # Jeremiah 10:2 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** LORD · **What happens:** say, not learn, not dismay, dismay, sign · **To what, where:** way, signs, nations, heaven · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 10:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD — and what happens in the verse to way, signs, nations, heaven, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה אֶל־דֶּ֤רֶךְ הַגּוֹיִם֙ אַל־תִּלְמָ֔דוּ וּמֵאֹת֥וֹת הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם אַל־תֵּחָ֑תּוּ כִּֽי־יֵחַ֥תּוּ הַגּוֹיִ֖ם מֵהֵֽמָּה׃ [thus saith the LORD: Learn not the way of the nations, and be not dismayed at the signs of heaven; for the nations are dismayed at them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.298/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:256 # text = כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה אֶל־דֶּ֤רֶךְ הַגּוֹיִם֙ אַל־תִּלְמָ֔דוּ וּמֵאֹת֥וֹת הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם אַל־תֵּחָ֑תּוּ כִּֽי־יֵחַ֥תּוּ הַגּוֹיִ֖ם מֵהֵֽמָּה׃ # verse = JER.10.2 1 כֹּ֣ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=JER_10:2!1|MId=o240100020011|Strong=3541 2 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 1 punct _ Ref=JER_10:2!1 3 אָמַ֣ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=JER_10:2!2|MId=o240100020021|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240100020031;|Type=qatal 4 יְהוָ֗ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JER_10:2!3|MId=o240100020031|Strong=3068 5 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=JER_10:2!4|MId=o240100020041|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 6 דֶּ֤רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=the.way|Ref=JER_10:2!5|MId=o240100020051|Strong=1870 7-8 הַגּוֹיִם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_10:2!6|MId=o240100020061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 גּוֹיִם֙ גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.nations|Ref=JER_10:2!6|MId=o240100020062|Strong=1471 9 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=JER_10:2!7|MId=o240100020071|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 10 תִּלְמָ֔דוּ לָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 3 ccomp _ Gloss=learn|Ref=JER_10:2!8|MId=o240100020081|Strong=3925|Frame=A0:240100010081;|Type=jussive 11-13 וּמֵאֹת֥וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_10:2!9|MId=o240100020091|Strong=2050b 12 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JER_10:2!9|MId=o240100020092|Strong=4480 13 אֹת֥וֹת אוֹת NOUN _ Number=Plur 17 obl _ Gloss=the.signs|Ref=JER_10:2!9|MId=o240100020093|Strong=0226 14-15 הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_10:2!10|MId=o240100020101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 שָּׁמַ֖יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.heavens|Ref=JER_10:2!10|MId=o240100020102|Strong=8064 16 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=JER_10:2!11|MId=o240100020111|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 17 תֵּחָ֑תּוּ חָתַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 10 conj _ Gloss=be.dismayed|Ref=JER_10:2!12|MId=o240100020121|Strong=2865|Frame=A0:240100010081;|Type=jussive 18 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JER_10:2!13|MId=o240100020131|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 19 יֵחַ֥תּוּ חָתַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 10 advcl _ Gloss=they.are.dismayed|Ref=JER_10:2!14|MId=o240100020141|Strong=2865|Frame=A0:240100020152;|Type=yiqtol 20-21 הַגּוֹיִ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_10:2!15|MId=o240100020151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 גּוֹיִ֖ם גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 nsubj _ Gloss=nations|Ref=JER_10:2!15|MId=o240100020152|Strong=1471 22-23 מֵהֵֽמָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JER_10:2!16|MId=o240100020161|Strong=4480 23 הֵֽמָּה הֵמָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JER_10:2!16|MId=o240100020162|Strong=1992|Type=personal 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=JER_10:2!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | **not** תִּלְמָדוּ *learn* | jussive · qal | | | | | | **not** תֵּחָתּוּ *be dismayed* | jussive · niphal | | | | | | יֵחַתּוּ *they are dismayed* | yiqtol · qal | גּוֹיִם *nations* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ מֵאוֹרְחַת עַמְמַיָא לָא תֵילְפוּן וּמֵאַתְוָן דְמִשְׁתַּנִין בִּשְׁמַיָא לָא תִתַּבְּרוּן אֲרֵי מִתַּבְּרִין עַמְמַיָא מִנְהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [thus saith the LORD: Learn not the way of the nations, and be not dismayed at the signs of heaven; for the nations are dismayed at them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.298/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:256`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 10:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.10.1/) - next →: [Jeremiah 10:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.10.3/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/10/)