--- title: Jeremiah 10:25 — Pour out Thy wrath upon the nations that know Thee not, and upon the… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Pour out Thy wrath upon the nations that know Thee not, and upon the families that call not on Thy name; for they have devoured Jacob, yea, they have devoured him and consumed him, and have laid waste his habitation. Who acts: you, nations, families, Thy. Jeremiah 10:25 in Hebrew with its dependency --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.10.25/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/10/) / 10:25 # Jeremiah 10:25 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** you, nations, families, Thy · **What happens:** pour out, not know, not call, devour, consume, lay · **To what, where:** wrath, Thee, name, Jacob, waste · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 10:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, nations, families, Thy — and what happens in the verse to wrath, Thee, name, Jacob, waste, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. שְׁפֹ֣ךְ חֲמָתְךָ֗ עַל־הַגּוֹיִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־יְדָע֔וּךָ וְעַל֙ מִשְׁפָּח֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּשִׁמְךָ֖ לֹ֣א קָרָ֑אוּ כִּֽי־אָכְל֣וּ אֶֽת־יַעֲקֹ֗ב וַאֲכָלֻ֙הוּ֙ וַיְכַלֻּ֔הוּ וְאֶת־נָוֵ֖הוּ הֵשַֽׁמּוּ׃פ [Pour out Thy wrath upon the nations that know Thee not, and upon the families that call not on Thy name; for they have devoured Jacob, yea, they have devoured him and consumed him, and have laid waste his habitation.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.324/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:278 # text = שְׁפֹ֣ךְ חֲמָתְךָ֗ עַל־הַגּוֹיִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־יְדָע֔וּךָ וְעַל֙ מִשְׁפָּח֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּשִׁמְךָ֖ לֹ֣א קָרָ֑אוּ כִּֽי־אָכְל֣וּ אֶֽת־יַעֲקֹ֗ב וַאֲכָלֻ֙הוּ֙ וַיְכַלֻּ֔הוּ וְאֶת־נָוֵ֖הוּ הֵשַֽׁמּוּ׃פ # verse = JER.10.25 1 שְׁפֹ֣ךְ שָׁפַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=pour.out|Ref=JER_10:25!1|MId=o240100250011|Strong=8210|Frame=A0:240100240021;A1:240100250021;|Type=imperative 2-3 חֲמָתְךָ֗ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 חֲמָת חֵמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 obj _ Gloss=rage|Ref=JER_10:25!2|MId=o240100250021|Strong=2534 3 ְךָ֗ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_10:25!2|MId=o240100250022|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 4 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JER_10:25!3|MId=o240100250031|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 הַגּוֹיִם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_10:25!4|MId=o240100250041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 גּוֹיִם֙ גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 obl _ Gloss=nations|Ref=JER_10:25!4|MId=o240100250042|Strong=1471 7 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JER_10:25!5|MId=o240100250051|Strong=0834|Type=relative 8 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_10:25!6|MId=o240100250061|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 יְדָע֔וּךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 יְדָע֔וּ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 6 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they|Ref=JER_10:25!7|MId=o240100250071|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:240100250042;A1:240100250072;|Type=qatal 10 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ Gloss=have.known.you|Ref=JER_10:25!7|MId=o240100250072|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 11-12 וְעַל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_10:25!8|MId=o240100250081|Strong=2050b 12 עַל֙ עַל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JER_10:25!8|MId=o240100250082|Strong=5921 13 מִשְׁפָּח֔וֹת מִשְׁפָּחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 6 conj _ Gloss=clans|Ref=JER_10:25!9|MId=o240100250091|Strong=4940 14 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JER_10:25!10|MId=o240100250101|Strong=0834|Type=relative 15-17 בְּשִׁמְךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JER_10:25!11|MId=o240100250111|Strong=0871a 16 שִׁמ שֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=name|Ref=JER_10:25!11|MId=o240100250112|Strong=8034 17 ְךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_10:25!11|MId=o240100250113|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 18 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_10:25!12|MId=o240100250121|Strong=3808|Type=negative 19 קָרָ֑אוּ קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 13 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.have.called|Ref=JER_10:25!13|MId=o240100250131|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:240100250091;|Type=qatal 20 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JER_10:25!14|MId=o240100250141|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 21 אָכְל֣וּ אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 advcl _ Gloss=they.have.consumed|Ref=JER_10:25!15|MId=o240100250151|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:240100250042;240100250091;A1:240100250171;|Type=qatal 22 אֶֽת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_10:25!16|MId=o240100250161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 23 יַעֲקֹ֗ב יַעֲקֹב PROPN _ _ 21 obj _ Gloss=Jacob|Ref=JER_10:25!17|MId=o240100250171|Strong=3290 24-26 וַאֲכָלֻ֙הוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_10:25!18|MId=o240100250181|Strong=2050b 25 אֲכָלֻ֙ אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=they|Ref=JER_10:25!18|MId=o240100250182|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:240100250042;240100250091;A1:240100250183;|Type=qatal 26 הוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ Gloss=have.consumed.him|Ref=JER_10:25!18|MId=o240100250183|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 27-29 וַיְכַלֻּ֔הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_10:25!19|MId=o240100250191|Strong=2050b 28 יְכַלֻּ֔ כָּלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=they|Ref=JER_10:25!19|MId=o240100250192|Strong=3615|Frame=A0:240100250042;240100250091;A1:240100250193;|Type=wayyiqtol 29 הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ Gloss=have.made.an.end.of.him|Ref=JER_10:25!19|MId=o240100250193|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 30-31 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_10:25!20|MId=o240100250201|Strong=2050b 31 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_10:25!20|MId=o240100250202|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 32-33 נָוֵ֖הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 נָו נָוֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 34 obj _ Gloss=habitation|Ref=JER_10:25!21|MId=o240100250211|Strong=5116 33 ֵ֖הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JER_10:25!21|MId=o240100250212|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 34 הֵשַֽׁמּוּ שָׁמֵם VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=they.have.devastated|Ref=JER_10:25!22|MId=o240100250221|Strong=8074|Frame=AA:240100250042;240100250091;A0:240100250211;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=JER_10:25!22|SpaceAfter=No 36 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=JER_10:25!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שְׁפֹךְ *pour out* | imperative · qal | | חֲמָת *rage* | | | | **not** יְדָעוּ *they* | qatal · qal | גּוֹיִם *nations* | ךָ *have known you* | | | | **not** קָרָאוּ *they have called* | qatal · qal | מִשְׁפָּחוֹת *clans* | | | | | אָכְלוּ *they have consumed* | qatal · qal | גּוֹיִם *nations* + מִשְׁפָּחוֹת *clans* | יַעֲקֹב *Jacob* | | | | אֲכָלֻ *they* | qatal · qal | גּוֹיִם *nations* + מִשְׁפָּחוֹת *clans* | הוּ *have consumed him* | | | | יְכַלֻּ *they* | wayyiqtol · piel | גּוֹיִם *nations* + מִשְׁפָּחוֹת *clans* | הוּ *have made an end of him* | | | | הֵשַֽׁמּוּ *they have devastated* | qatal · hiphil | נָו *habitation* | | | גּוֹיִם *nations* + מִשְׁפָּחוֹת *clans* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} שְׁפוֹךְ חֵימָתָךְ עַל עַמְמַיָא דְלָא אֲלִיפוּ לְמֵידַע דְחַלְתָּךְ וְעַל זַרְעִיתָא דְכַשְׂדָאֵי דִי בְפּוּלְחַן שְׁמָךְ לָא תְבָעוּ אֲרֵי שְׁלִיטוּ בִּדְבֵית יַעֲקֹב וּבְזוּ נִכְסֵהוֹן וְשֵׁיצִיאוּנוּן וְיַת מְדוֹרְהוֹן אַצְדִיאוּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Pour out Thy wrath upon the nations that know Thee not, and upon the families that call not on Thy name; for they have devoured Jacob, yea, they have devoured him and consumed him, and have laid waste his habitation.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.324/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:278`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 10:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.10.24/) - next →: [Jeremiah 11:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.11.1/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/10/)