--- title: Jeremiah 10:5 — They are like a pillar in a garden of cucumbers, and speak not; they… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: They are like a pillar in a garden of cucumbers, and speak not; they must needs be borne, because they cannot go. Be not afraid of them, for they cannot do evil, neither is it in them to do good. Who acts: customs, you, evil. Jeremiah 10:5 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 191 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.10.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/10/) / 10:5 # Jeremiah 10:5 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** customs, you, evil · **What happens:** be, not speak, bear, not go, not be, not do · **To what, where:** garden, customs, evil, good · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 10:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — customs, you, evil — and what happens in the verse to garden, customs, evil, good, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כְּתֹ֨מֶר מִקְשָׁ֥ה הֵ֙מָּה֙ וְלֹ֣א יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ נָשׂ֥וֹא יִנָּשׂ֖וּא כִּ֣י לֹ֣א יִצְעָ֑דוּ אַל־תִּֽירְא֤וּ מֵהֶם֙ כִּי־לֹ֣א יָרֵ֔עוּ וְגַם־הֵיטֵ֖יב אֵ֥ין אוֹתָֽם׃ס [They are like a pillar in a garden of cucumbers, and speak not; they must needs be borne, because they cannot go.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.301/) [Be not afraid of them, for they cannot do evil, neither is it in them to do good.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.302/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:259 # text = כְּתֹ֨מֶר מִקְשָׁ֥ה הֵ֙מָּה֙ וְלֹ֣א יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ נָשׂ֥וֹא יִנָּשׂ֖וּא כִּ֣י לֹ֣א יִצְעָ֑דוּ אַל־תִּֽירְא֤וּ מֵהֶם֙ כִּי־לֹ֣א יָרֵ֔עוּ וְגַם־הֵיטֵ֖יב אֵ֥ין אוֹתָֽם׃ס # verse = JER.10.5 1-2 כְּתֹ֨מֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=[are].like|Ref=JER_10:5!1|MId=o240100050011|Strong=3509a 2 תֹ֨מֶר תֹּמֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=a.scarecrow|Ref=JER_10:5!1|MId=o240100050012|Strong=8560a 3 מִקְשָׁ֥ה מִקְשָׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.cucumber.field|Ref=JER_10:5!2|MId=o240100050021|Strong=4750 4 הֵ֙מָּה֙ הֵמָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=JER_10:5!3|MId=o240100050031|Strong=1992|Type=personal 5-6 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_10:5!4|MId=o240100050041|Strong=2050b 6 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 7 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_10:5!4|MId=o240100050042|Strong=3808|Type=negative 7 יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.speak|Ref=JER_10:5!5|MId=o240100050051|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:240100030071;|Type=yiqtol 8 נָשׂ֥וֹא נָשָׂא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 9 obl:npmod _ Gloss=actually.(carry)|Ref=JER_10:5!6|MId=o240100050061|Strong=5375|Type=infinitive_absolute 9 יִנָּשׂ֖וּא נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 7 ccomp _ Gloss=they.are.carried|Ref=JER_10:5!7|MId=o240100050071|Strong=5375|Frame=A1:240100030071;|Type=yiqtol 10 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JER_10:5!8|MId=o240100050081|Strong=3588 11 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 12 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_10:5!9|MId=o240100050091|Strong=3808|Type=negative 12 יִצְעָ֑דוּ צָעַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 9 advcl _ Gloss=they.walk|Ref=JER_10:5!10|MId=o240100050101|Strong=6805|Frame=A0:240100030071;|Type=yiqtol 13 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 14 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=JER_10:5!11|MId=o240100050111|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 14 תִּֽירְא֤וּ יָרֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 9 parataxis _ Gloss=be.afraid|Ref=JER_10:5!12|MId=o240100050121|Strong=3372|Frame=A0:240100010081;|Type=jussive 15-16 מֵהֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JER_10:5!13|MId=o240100050131|Strong=4480 16 הֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JER_10:5!13|MId=o240100050132|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 17 כִּי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JER_10:5!14|MId=o240100050141|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 18 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_10:5!15|MId=o240100050151|Strong=3808|Type=negative 19 יָרֵ֔עוּ רָעַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 9 advcl _ Gloss=they.do.harm|Ref=JER_10:5!16|MId=o240100050161|Strong=7489|Frame=A0:240100030071;|Type=yiqtol 20-21 וְגַם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_10:5!17|MId=o240100050171|Strong=2050b 21 גַם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=JER_10:5!17|MId=o240100050172|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 22 הֵיטֵ֖יב יָטַב VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 23 nsubj _ Gloss=doing.good|Ref=JER_10:5!18|MId=o240100050181|Strong=3190|Type=infinitive_absolute 23 אֵ֥ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 9 conj _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=JER_10:5!19|MId=o240100050191|Strong=0369|Type=negative 24-25 אוֹתָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_10:5!20|MId=o240100050201|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 25 ָֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JER_10:5!20|MId=o240100050202|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=JER_10:5!20|SpaceAfter=No 27 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=JER_10:5!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** יְדַבֵּרוּ *they speak* | yiqtol · piel | | | | | | **not** יִנָּשׂוּא *they are carried* | yiqtol · niphal | | | | | | **not** יִצְעָדוּ *they walk* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** תִּֽירְאוּ *be afraid* | jussive · qal | | | | | | **not** יָרֵעוּ *they do harm* | yiqtol · hiphil | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} עוֹבַד נְגִיד זְקִיפִין אִינוּן וְלָא מְמַלְלִין אִתְנַטָלָא יִתְנַטְלוּן אֲרֵי לֵית בְּהוֹן רוּחָא לַהֲלָכָא לָא תִדַחֲלוּן מִנְהוֹן אֲרֵי לָא מַבְאֲשִׁין וְאַף לְאֵיטָבָא לֵית אִינוּן יָדְעִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [They are like a pillar in a garden of cucumbers, and speak not; they must needs be borne, because they cannot go.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.301/) 2. [Be not afraid of them, for they cannot do evil, neither is it in them to do good.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.302/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:259`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 10:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.10.4/) - next →: [Jeremiah 10:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.10.6/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/10/)