--- title: Jeremiah 15:18 — Why is my pain perpetual, and my wound incurable, so that it refuset… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Why is my pain perpetual, and my wound incurable, so that it refuseth to be healed? Wilt Thou indeed be unto me as a deceitful brook, as waters that fail? Who acts: pain, wound, my, Thou. Jeremiah 15:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.15.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/15/) / 15:18 # Jeremiah 15:18 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** pain, wound, my, Thou, waters · **What happens:** be, refuse, not heal, pain, wound, fail This is Jeremiah 15:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — pain, wound, my, Thou, waters — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לָ֣מָּה הָיָ֤ה כְאֵבִי֙ נֶ֔צַח וּמַכָּתִ֖י אֲנוּשָׁ֑ה֙ מֵֽאֲנָה֙ הֵֽרָפֵ֔א הָי֨וֹ תִֽהְיֶ֥ה לִי֙ כְּמ֣וֹ אַכְזָ֔ב מַ֖יִם לֹ֥א נֶאֱמָֽנוּ׃ס [Why is my pain perpetual, and my wound incurable, so that it refuseth to be healed?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.452/) [Wilt Thou indeed be unto me as a deceitful brook, as waters that fail?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.453/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:385 # text = לָ֣מָּה הָיָ֤ה כְאֵבִי֙ נֶ֔צַח וּמַכָּתִ֖י אֲנוּשָׁ֑ה֙ מֵֽאֲנָה֙ הֵֽרָפֵ֔א הָי֨וֹ תִֽהְיֶ֥ה לִי֙ כְּמ֣וֹ אַכְזָ֔ב מַ֖יִם לֹ֥א נֶאֱמָֽנוּ׃ס # verse = JER.15.18 1-2 לָ֣מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 לָ֣ לָמָה ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_15:18!1|MId=o240150180011|Strong=3807a 2 מָּה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 6 obl _ Gloss=why?|Ref=JER_15:18!1|MId=o240150180012|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 3 הָיָ֤ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 cop _ Gloss=is.it|Ref=JER_15:18!2|MId=o240150180021|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:240150180031;|Type=qatal 4-5 כְאֵבִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 כְאֵב כְּאֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=pain|Ref=JER_15:18!3|MId=o240150180031|Strong=3511 5 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JER_15:18!3|MId=o240150180032|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 6 נֶ֔צַח נֵצַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=perpetuity|Ref=JER_15:18!4|MId=o240150180041|Strong=5331 7-9 וּמַכָּתִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_15:18!5|MId=o240150180051|Strong=2050b 8 מַכָּת מַכָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=wound|Ref=JER_15:18!5|MId=o240150180052|Strong=4347 9 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JER_15:18!5|MId=o240150180053|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 10 אֲנוּשָׁ֑ה֙ אָנוּשׁ ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 obj _ Gloss=incurable|Ref=JER_15:18!6|MId=o240150180061|Strong=0605a|Type=adjective 11 מֵֽאֲנָה֙ מָאֵן VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 parataxis _ Gloss=it.has.refused|Ref=JER_15:18!7|MId=o240150180071|Strong=3985|Frame=A0:240150180052;A1:240150180081;|Type=qatal 12 הֵֽרָפֵ֔א רָפָא VERB _ HebBinyan=NIPHAL 11 obj _ Gloss=to.be.healed|Ref=JER_15:18!8|MId=o240150180081|Strong=7495|Frame=A1:240150180052;|Type=infinitive_construct 13 הָי֨וֹ הָיָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 16 obl:npmod _ Gloss=surely.(be)|Ref=JER_15:18!9|MId=o240150180091|Strong=1961|Type=infinitive_absolute 14 תִֽהְיֶ֥ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 16 cop _ Gloss=you.are|Ref=JER_15:18!10|MId=o240150180101|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:240150160151;|Type=yiqtol 15-16 לִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 ל לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_15:18!11|MId=o240150180111|Strong=3807a 16 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 parataxis _ Gloss=me|Ref=JER_15:18!11|MId=o240150180112|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 17 כְּמ֣וֹ כְּמוֹ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=JER_15:18!12|MId=o240150180121|Strong=3644 18 אַכְזָ֔ב אַכְזָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=a.deceitful.thing|Ref=JER_15:18!13|MId=o240150180131|Strong=0391|Type=adjective 19 מַ֖יִם מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 appos _ Gloss=waters|Ref=JER_15:18!14|MId=o240150180141|Strong=4325 20 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=[which].not|Ref=JER_15:18!15|MId=o240150180151|Strong=3808|Type=negative 21 נֶאֱמָֽנוּ אָמַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 19 acl _ Gloss=they.are.reliable|Ref=JER_15:18!16|MId=o240150180161|Strong=0539|Frame=A0:240150180141;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=JER_15:18!16|SpaceAfter=No 23 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=JER_15:18!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָיָה *is it* | qatal · qal | כְאֵב *pain* | | | | | מֵֽאֲנָה *it has refused* | qatal · piel | מַכָּת *wound* | הֵֽרָפֵא *to be healed* | | | | הֵֽרָפֵא *to be healed* | infinitive construct · niphal | | מַכָּת *wound* | | | | תִֽהְיֶה *you are* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** נֶאֱמָֽנוּ *they are reliable* | qatal · niphal | מַיִם *waters* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} לְמָה הֲוָה כֵיבִי לְאַפְרַשׁ וּמְחָתִי תַקִיפָא לִמְסַרְבָא לְאִתַּסָאָה לָא יְהֵי מֵימְרָךְ לִי כַּדְבִין כְּמַבַּע דְמַיִין דְפַסְקִין מוֹהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Why is my pain perpetual, and my wound incurable, so that it refuseth to be healed?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.452/) 2. [Wilt Thou indeed be unto me as a deceitful brook, as waters that fail?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.453/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:385`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 15:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.15.17/) - next →: [Jeremiah 15:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.15.19/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/15/)