--- title: Jeremiah 15:3 — And I will appoint over them four kinds, saith the LORD: the sword t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And I will appoint over them four kinds, saith the LORD: the sword to slay, and the dogs to drag, and the fowls of the heaven, and the beasts of the earth, to devour and to destroy. Who acts: I, LORD. Jeremiah 15:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of e --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.15.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/15/) / 15:3 # Jeremiah 15:3 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** I, LORD · **What happens:** appoint, say, slay, drag, devour, destroy · **To what, where:** four kinds · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 15:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, LORD — and what happens in the verse to four kinds, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּפָקַדְתִּ֨י עֲלֵיהֶ֜ם אַרְבַּ֤ע מִשְׁפָּחוֹת֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה אֶת־הַחֶ֣רֶב לַֽהֲרֹ֔ג וְאֶת־הַכְּלָבִ֖ים לִסְחֹ֑ב וְאֶת־ע֧וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֛יִם וְאֶת־בֶּהֱמַ֥ת הָאָ֖רֶץ לֶאֱכֹ֥ל וּלְהַשְׁחִֽית׃ [And I will appoint over them four kinds, saith the LORD: the sword to slay, and the dogs to drag, and the fowls of the heaven, and the beasts of the earth, to devour and to destroy.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.434/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:370 # text = וּפָקַדְתִּ֨י עֲלֵיהֶ֜ם אַרְבַּ֤ע מִשְׁפָּחוֹת֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה אֶת־הַחֶ֣רֶב לַֽהֲרֹ֔ג וְאֶת־הַכְּלָבִ֖ים לִסְחֹ֑ב וְאֶת־ע֧וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֛יִם וְאֶת־בֶּהֱמַ֥ת הָאָ֖רֶץ לֶאֱכֹ֥ל וּלְהַשְׁחִֽית׃ # verse = JER.15.3 1-2 וּפָקַדְתִּ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_15:3!1|MId=o240150030011|Strong=2050b 2 פָקַדְתִּ֨י פָּקַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.will.appoint|Ref=JER_15:3!1|MId=o240150030012|Strong=6485|Frame=A0:240150010021;A1:240150030041;|Type=weqatal 3-4 עֲלֵיהֶ֜ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 עֲלֵי עַל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=JER_15:3!2|MId=o240150030021|Strong=5921 4 הֶ֜ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JER_15:3!2|MId=o240150030022|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5 אַרְבַּ֤ע אַרְבַּע NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 nummod _ Gloss=four|Ref=JER_15:3!3|MId=o240150030031|Strong=0702|Type=cardinal_number 6 מִשְׁפָּחוֹת֙ מִשְׁפָּחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=kinds|Ref=JER_15:3!4|MId=o240150030041|Strong=4940 7 נְאֻם־ נְאֻם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=the.utterance|Ref=JER_15:3!5|MId=o240150030051|Strong=5002|SpaceAfter=No 8 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JER_15:3!6|MId=o240150030061|Strong=3068 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_15:3!7|MId=o240150030071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 10-11 הַחֶ֣רֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_15:3!8|MId=o240150030081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 חֶ֣רֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=sword|Ref=JER_15:3!8|MId=o240150030082|Strong=2719 12-13 לַֽהֲרֹ֔ג _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_15:3!9|MId=o240150030091|Strong=3807a 13 הֲרֹ֔ג הָרַג VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 11 advcl _ Gloss=kill|Ref=JER_15:3!9|MId=o240150030092|Strong=2026|Frame=A0:240150030082;A1:240150010122;|Type=infinitive_construct 14-15 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_15:3!10|MId=o240150030101|Strong=2050b 15 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_15:3!10|MId=o240150030102|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 16-17 הַכְּלָבִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_15:3!11|MId=o240150030111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 כְּלָבִ֖ים כֶּלֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 conj _ Gloss=dogs|Ref=JER_15:3!11|MId=o240150030112|Strong=3611 18-19 לִסְחֹ֑ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_15:3!12|MId=o240150030121|Strong=3807a 19 סְחֹ֑ב סָחַב VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 17 advcl _ Gloss=drag.away|Ref=JER_15:3!12|MId=o240150030122|Strong=5498|Frame=A0:240150030112;A1:240150010122;|Type=infinitive_construct 20-21 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_15:3!13|MId=o240150030131|Strong=2050b 21 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_15:3!13|MId=o240150030132|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 22 ע֧וֹף עוֹף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 conj _ Gloss=the.bird[s]|Ref=JER_15:3!14|MId=o240150030141|Strong=5775 23-24 הַשָּׁמַ֛יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_15:3!15|MId=o240150030151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 שָּׁמַ֛יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.heavens|Ref=JER_15:3!15|MId=o240150030152|Strong=8064 25-26 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_15:3!16|MId=o240150030161|Strong=2050b 26 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_15:3!16|MId=o240150030162|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 27 בֶּהֱמַ֥ת בְּהֵמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 conj _ Gloss=the.animal[s]|Ref=JER_15:3!17|MId=o240150030171|Strong=0929 28-29 הָאָ֖רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_15:3!18|MId=o240150030181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 אָ֖רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.earth|Ref=JER_15:3!18|MId=o240150030182|Strong=0776 30-31 לֶאֱכֹ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 לֶ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_15:3!19|MId=o240150030191|Strong=3807a 31 אֱכֹ֥ל אָכַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 22 advcl _ Gloss=devour|Ref=JER_15:3!19|MId=o240150030192|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:240150030141;240150030171;A1:240150010122;|Type=infinitive_construct 32-34 וּלְהַשְׁחִֽית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_15:3!20|MId=o240150030201|Strong=2050b 33 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_15:3!20|MId=o240150030202|Strong=3807a 34 הַשְׁחִֽית שָׁחַת VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 31 conj _ Gloss=destroy|Ref=JER_15:3!20|MId=o240150030203|Strong=7843|Frame=AA:240150030141;240150030171;A0:240150010122;|Type=infinitive_construct 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=JER_15:3!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | פָקַדְתִּי *I will appoint* | weqatal · qal | | מִשְׁפָּחוֹת *kinds* | | | | הֲרֹג *kill* | infinitive construct · qal | חֶרֶב *sword* | | | | | סְחֹב *drag away* | infinitive construct · qal | כְּלָבִים *dogs* | | | | | אֱכֹל *devour* | infinitive construct · qal | עוֹף *the bird\[s\]* + בֶּהֱמַת *the animal\[s\]* | | | | | הַשְׁחִֽית *destroy* | infinitive construct · hiphil | | | | עוֹף *the bird\[s\]* + בֶּהֱמַת *the animal\[s\]* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַסְעַר עֲלֵיהוֹן אַרְבַּע פוּרְעֲנוּן בִּישַׁן אֲמַר יְיָ יַת דְקַטְלִין בְּחַרְבָּא לְמִקְטַל וְיַת כַּלְבַיָא לְגָרְרָא וְיַת עוֹפָא דִשְׁמַיָא וְיַת בְּעִירָא דְאַרְעָא לְמֵיכַל וּלְחַבָּלָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And I will appoint over them four kinds, saith the LORD: the sword to slay, and the dogs to drag, and the fowls of the heaven, and the beasts of the earth, to devour and to destroy.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.434/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:370`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 15:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.15.2/) - next →: [Jeremiah 15:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.15.4/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/15/)