--- title: Jeremiah 15:4 — And I will cause them to be a horror among all the kingdoms of the e… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And I will cause them to be a horror among all the kingdoms of the earth, because of Manasseh the son of Hezekiah king of Judah, for that which he did in Jerusalem. Who acts: I, kinds, LORD. Jeremiah 15:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every claus --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.15.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/15/) / 15:4 # Jeremiah 15:4 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** I, kinds, LORD · **What happens:** cause, be, do · **To what, where:** kinds, horror, Jerusalem This is Jeremiah 15:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, kinds, LORD — and what happens in the verse to kinds, horror, Jerusalem, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּנְתַתִּ֣ים לְזַֽעֲוָ֔ה לְכֹ֖ל מַמְלְכ֣וֹת הָאָ֑רֶץ בִּ֠גְלַל מְנַשֶּׁ֤ה בֶן־יְחִזְקִיָּ֙הוּ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֔ה עַ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֖ה בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ [And I will cause them to be a horror among all the kingdoms of the earth, because of Manasseh the son of Hezekiah king of Judah, for that which he did in Jerusalem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.435/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:371 # text = וּנְתַתִּ֣ים לְזַֽעֲוָ֔ה לְכֹ֖ל מַמְלְכ֣וֹת הָאָ֑רֶץ בִּ֠גְלַל מְנַשֶּׁ֤ה בֶן־יְחִזְקִיָּ֙הוּ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֔ה עַ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֖ה בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ # verse = JER.15.4 1-3 וּנְתַתִּ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_15:4!1|MId=o240150040011|Strong=2050b 2 נְתַתִּ֣י נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I|Ref=JER_15:4!1|MId=o240150040012|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:240150030061;A1:240150040013;|Type=weqatal 3 ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ Gloss=will.make.them|Ref=JER_15:4!1|MId=o240150040013|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 4-5 לְזַֽעֲוָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=JER_15:4!3|MId=o240150040031|Strong=3807a 5 זַֽעֲוָ֔ה זַעֲוָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=a.terror|Ref=JER_15:4!3|MId=o240150040032|Strong=2189 6-7 לְכֹ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JER_15:4!4|MId=o240150040041|Strong=3807a 7 כֹ֖ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=JER_15:4!4|MId=o240150040042|Strong=3605 8 מַמְלְכ֣וֹת מַמְלָכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.kingdoms|Ref=JER_15:4!5|MId=o240150040051|Strong=4467 9-10 הָאָ֑רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_15:4!6|MId=o240150040061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 אָ֑רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.earth|Ref=JER_15:4!6|MId=o240150040062|Strong=0776 11-12 בִּ֠גְלַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בִּ֠ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JER_15:4!7|MId=o240150040071|Strong=0871a 12 גְלַל גָּלָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=account|Ref=JER_15:4!7|MId=o240150040072|Strong=1558 13 מְנַשֶּׁ֤ה מְנַשֶּׁה PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Manasseh|Ref=JER_15:4!8|MId=o240150040081|Strong=4519 14 בֶן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=JER_15:4!9|MId=o240150040091|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 15 יְחִזְקִיָּ֙הוּ֙ יְחִזְקִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Hezekiah|Ref=JER_15:4!10|MId=o240150040101|Strong=3169a 16 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JER_15:4!11|MId=o240150040111|Strong=4428 17 יְהוּדָ֔ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=JER_15:4!12|MId=o240150040121|Strong=3063 18 עַ֥ל עַל ADP _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=on|Ref=JER_15:4!13|MId=o240150040131|Strong=5921 19 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=[that].which|Ref=JER_15:4!14|MId=o240150040141|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 20 עָשָׂ֖ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.did|Ref=JER_15:4!15|MId=o240150040151|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:240150040081;|Type=qatal 21-22 בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_15:4!16|MId=o240150040161|Strong=0871a 22 ירוּשָׁלִָֽם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 20 obl _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=JER_15:4!16|MId=o240150040162|Strong=3389 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=JER_15:4!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נְתַתִּי *I* | weqatal · qal | | ם *will make them* | | | | עָשָׂה *he did* | qatal · qal | מְנַשֶּׁה *of Manasseh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאֶתְּנִינוּן לִזְיַע לְכָל מַלְכְּוַת אַרְעָא עַל דְלָא תָבוּ כִּמְנַשֶׁה בַר יְחִזְקִיָה מְלַךְ שִׁבְטָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה עַל דְאַסְגֵי לְמֶעְבַּד בִּירוּשְׁלֵם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And I will cause them to be a horror among all the kingdoms of the earth, because of Manasseh the son of Hezekiah king of Judah, for that which he did in Jerusalem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.435/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:371`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 15:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.15.3/) - next →: [Jeremiah 15:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.15.5/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/15/)