--- title: Jeremiah 19:9 — and I will cause them to eat the flesh of their sons and the flesh o… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and I will cause them to eat the flesh of their sons and the flesh of their daughters, and they shall eat every one the flesh of his friend, in the siege and in the straitness, wherewith their enemies, and they that seek their life, shall straiten them. Who acts: I, carcasses, enemies. Jeremiah 19:9 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.19.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/19/) / 19:9 # Jeremiah 19:9 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** I, carcasses, enemies · **What happens:** cause, eat, seek, straiten · **To what, where:** carcasses, flesh, one, siege, life This is Jeremiah 19:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, carcasses, enemies — and what happens in the verse to carcasses, flesh, one, siege, life, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהַֽאֲכַלְתִּ֞ים אֶת־בְּשַׂ֣ר בְּנֵיהֶ֗ם וְאֵת֙ בְּשַׂ֣ר בְּנֹתֵיהֶ֔ם וְאִ֥ישׁ בְּשַׂר־רֵעֵ֖הוּ יֹאכֵ֑לוּ בְּמָצוֹר֙ וּבְמָצ֔וֹק אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָצִ֧יקוּ לָהֶ֛ם אֹיְבֵיהֶ֖ם וּמְבַקְשֵׁ֥י נַפְשָֽׁם׃ [and I will cause them to eat the flesh of their sons and the flesh of their daughters, and they shall eat every one the flesh of his friend, in the siege and in the straitness, wherewith their enemies, and they that seek their life, shall straiten them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.541/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:468 # text = וְהַֽאֲכַלְתִּ֞ים אֶת־בְּשַׂ֣ר בְּנֵיהֶ֗ם וְאֵת֙ בְּשַׂ֣ר בְּנֹתֵיהֶ֔ם וְאִ֥ישׁ בְּשַׂר־רֵעֵ֖הוּ יֹאכֵ֑לוּ בְּמָצוֹר֙ וּבְמָצ֔וֹק אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָצִ֧יקוּ לָהֶ֛ם אֹיְבֵיהֶ֖ם וּמְבַקְשֵׁ֥י נַפְשָֽׁם׃ # verse = JER.19.9 1-3 וְהַֽאֲכַלְתִּ֞ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_19:9!1|MId=o240190090011|Strong=2050b 2 הַֽאֲכַלְתִּ֞י אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I|Ref=JER_19:9!1|MId=o240190090012|Strong=0398|Frame=AA:240190060061;A0:240190090013;A1:240190090031;240190090061;|Type=weqatal 3 ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ Gloss=will.make.them.eat|Ref=JER_19:9!1|MId=o240190090013|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_19:9!2|MId=o240190090021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5 בְּשַׂ֣ר בָּשָׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 xcomp _ Gloss=the.flesh|Ref=JER_19:9!3|MId=o240190090031|Strong=1320 6-7 בְּנֵיהֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בְּנֵי בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=their.sons|Ref=JER_19:9!4|MId=o240190090041|Strong=1121 7 הֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JER_19:9!4|MId=o240190090042|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 8-9 וְאֵת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_19:9!5|MId=o240190090051|Strong=2050b 9 אֵת֙ אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_19:9!5|MId=o240190090052|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 10 בְּשַׂ֣ר בָּשָׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=the.flesh|Ref=JER_19:9!6|MId=o240190090061|Strong=1320 11-12 בְּנֹתֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בְּנֹתֵי בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=their.daughters|Ref=JER_19:9!7|MId=o240190090071|Strong=1323 12 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JER_19:9!7|MId=o240190090072|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 13-14 וְאִ֥ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_19:9!8|MId=o240190090081|Strong=2050b 14 אִ֥ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=everyone|Ref=JER_19:9!8|MId=o240190090082|Strong=0376 15 בְּשַׂר־ בָּשָׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obj _ Gloss=the.flesh|Ref=JER_19:9!9|MId=o240190090091|Strong=1320|SpaceAfter=No 16-17 רֵעֵ֖הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 רֵע רֵעַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.neighbor|Ref=JER_19:9!10|MId=o240190090101|Strong=7453 17 ֵ֖הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JER_19:9!10|MId=o240190090102|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 18 יֹאכֵ֑לוּ אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.will.eat|Ref=JER_19:9!11|MId=o240190090111|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:240190070041;240190070052;A1:240190090091;|Type=yiqtol 19-20 בְּמָצוֹר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=in.[the]|Ref=JER_19:9!12|MId=o240190090121|Strong=0871a 20 מָצוֹר֙ מָצוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=siege|Ref=JER_19:9!12|MId=o240190090122|Strong=4692 21-23 וּבְמָצ֔וֹק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_19:9!13|MId=o240190090131|Strong=2050b 22 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=in.[the]|Ref=JER_19:9!13|MId=o240190090132|Strong=0871a 23 מָצ֔וֹק מָצוֹק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 conj _ Gloss=distress|Ref=JER_19:9!13|MId=o240190090133|Strong=4689 24 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 25 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JER_19:9!14|MId=o240190090141|Strong=0834|Type=relative 25 יָצִ֧יקוּ צוּק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 23 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.will.bring.distress|Ref=JER_19:9!15|MId=o240190090151|Strong=6693|Frame=AA:240190090171;240190090182;A0:240190090133;|Type=yiqtol 26-27 לָהֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 ל לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_19:9!16|MId=o240190090161|Strong=3807a 27 ָהֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JER_19:9!16|MId=o240190090162|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 28-29 אֹיְבֵיהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 אֹיְבֵי אָיַב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ Gloss=enemies|Ref=JER_19:9!17|MId=o240190090171|Strong=0341|Type=participle_active 29 הֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JER_19:9!17|MId=o240190090172|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 30-31 וּמְבַקְשֵׁ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_19:9!18|MId=o240190090181|Strong=2050b 31 מְבַקְשֵׁ֥י בָּקַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur 28 conj _ Gloss=[those.who].seek|Ref=JER_19:9!18|MId=o240190090182|Strong=1245|Frame=A1:240190090191;|Type=participle_active 32-33 נַפְשָֽׁם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 נַפְשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=life|Ref=JER_19:9!19|MId=o240190090191|Strong=5315 33 ָֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=(of).their|Ref=JER_19:9!19|MId=o240190090192|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=JER_19:9!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הַֽאֲכַלְתִּי *I* | weqatal · hiphil | ם *will make them eat* | בְּשַׂר *the flesh* + בְּשַׂר *the flesh* | | | | יֹאכֵלוּ *they will eat* | yiqtol · qal | | בְּשַׂר־ *the flesh* | | | | יָצִיקוּ *they will bring distress* | yiqtol · hiphil | מָצוֹק *distress* | | | אֹיְבֵי *enemies* + מְבַקְשֵׁי *\[those who\] seek* | | מְבַקְשֵׁי *\[those who\] seek* | participle active · piel | | נַפְשׁ *life* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאוֹכְלִינוּן יַת בְּשַׂר בְּנֵיהוֹן וְיַת בְּשַׂר בְּנַתְהוֹן וּגְבַר נִכְסֵי קָרִיבֵיהּ יִבְזוּן בִּצְיָרָא וּבְעָקְתָא דִיעִיקוּן לְהוֹן בַּעֲלֵי דְבָבֵיהוֹן וּדְבָעָן לְמִקְטַלְהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and I will cause them to eat the flesh of their sons and the flesh of their daughters, and they shall eat every one the flesh of his friend, in the siege and in the straitness, wherewith their enemies, and they that seek their life, shall straiten them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.541/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:468`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 19:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.19.8/) - next →: [Jeremiah 19:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.19.10/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/19/)