--- title: Jeremiah 2:27 — Who say to a stock: 'Thou art my father', and to a stone: 'Thou hast… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Who say to a stock: 'Thou art my father', and to a stone: 'Thou hast brought us forth', for they have turned their back unto Me, and not their face; but in the time of their trouble they will say: 'Arise, and save us.' Who acts: Thou, fathers. Jeremiah 2:27 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.2.27/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/2/) / 2:27 # Jeremiah 2:27 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** Thou, fathers · **What happens:** say, be, bring, turn, arise, save · **To what, where:** stock, father, us, back · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 2:27 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Thou, fathers — and what happens in the verse to stock, father, us, back, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אֹמְרִ֨ים לָעֵ֜ץ אָ֣בִי אַ֗תָּה וְלָאֶ֙בֶן֙ אַ֣תְּ יְלִדְתָּ֔נוּ כִּֽי־פָנ֥וּ אֵלַ֛י עֹ֖רֶף וְלֹ֣א פָנִ֑ים וּבְעֵ֤ת רָֽעָתָם֙ יֹֽאמְר֔וּ ק֖וּמָה וְהוֹשִׁיעֵֽנוּ׃ [Who say to a stock: 'Thou art my father', and to a stone: 'Thou hast brought us forth', for they have turned their back unto Me, and not their face; but in the time of their trouble they will say: 'Arise, and save us.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.51/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:45 # text = אֹמְרִ֨ים לָעֵ֜ץ אָ֣בִי אַ֗תָּה וְלָאֶ֙בֶן֙ אַ֣תְּ יְלִדְתָּ֔נוּ כִּֽי־פָנ֥וּ אֵלַ֛י עֹ֖רֶף וְלֹ֣א פָנִ֑ים וּבְעֵ֤ת רָֽעָתָם֙ יֹֽאמְר֔וּ ק֖וּמָה וְהוֹשִׁיעֵֽנוּ׃ # verse = JER.2.27 1 אֹמְרִ֨ים אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=[who].say|Ref=JER_2:27!1|MId=o240020270011|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240020260071;|Type=participle_active 2-4 לָעֵ֜ץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_2:27!2|MId=o240020270021|Strong=3807a 3 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_2:27!2|MId=o240020270021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 עֵ֜ץ עֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 obl _ Gloss=wood|Ref=JER_2:27!2|MId=o240020270022|Strong=6086 5-6 אָ֣בִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 אָ֣ב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 ccomp _ Gloss=father|Ref=JER_2:27!3|MId=o240020270031|Strong=0001 6 ִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[are].my|Ref=JER_2:27!3|MId=o240020270032|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 7 אַ֗תָּה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JER_2:27!4|MId=o240020270041|Strong=0859|Type=personal 8-11 וְלָאֶ֙בֶן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_2:27!5|MId=o240020270051|Strong=2050b 9 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_2:27!5|MId=o240020270052|Strong=3807a 10 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_2:27!5|MId=o240020270052ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 אֶ֙בֶן֙ אֶבֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=stone|Ref=JER_2:27!5|MId=o240020270053|Strong=0068 12 אַ֣תְּ אַתְּ PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JER_2:27!6|MId=o240020270061|Strong=0859b|Type=personal 13-14 יְלִדְתָּ֔נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 יְלִדְתּ יָלַד VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 5 parataxis _ Gloss=you|Ref=JER_2:27!8|MId=o240020270081|Strong=3205|Frame=A0:240020270061;A1:240020270082;|Type=qatal 14 ָ֔נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 obj _ Gloss=gave.birth.to.us|Ref=JER_2:27!8|MId=o240020270082|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 15 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 16 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JER_2:27!9|MId=o240020270091|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 16 פָנ֥וּ פָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 advcl _ Gloss=they.have.turned|Ref=JER_2:27!10|MId=o240020270101|Strong=6437|Frame=A0:240020260071;A1:240020270121;|Type=qatal 17-18 אֵלַ֛י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 אֵל אֶל ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_2:27!11|MId=o240020270111|Strong=0413 18 ַ֛י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=JER_2:27!11|MId=o240020270112|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 19 עֹ֖רֶף עֹרֶף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obj _ Gloss=a.neck|Ref=JER_2:27!12|MId=o240020270121|Strong=6203 20-21 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_2:27!13|MId=o240020270131|Strong=2050b 21 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 16 conj _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_2:27!13|MId=o240020270132|Strong=3808|Type=negative 22 פָנִ֑ים פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 21 obj _ Gloss=a.face|Ref=JER_2:27!14|MId=o240020270141|Strong=6440 23-25 וּבְעֵ֤ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_2:27!15|MId=o240020270151|Strong=2050b 24 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=JER_2:27!15|MId=o240020270152|Strong=0871a 25 עֵ֤ת עֵת NOUN _ Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=the.time|Ref=JER_2:27!15|MId=o240020270153|Strong=6256 26-27 רָֽעָתָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 רָֽעָת רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=their.calamity|Ref=JER_2:27!16|MId=o240020270161|Strong=7451b 27 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JER_2:27!16|MId=o240020270162|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 28 יֹֽאמְר֔וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=they.will.say|Ref=JER_2:27!17|MId=o240020270171|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240020260071;|Type=yiqtol 29-30 ק֖וּמָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 ק֖וּמ קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 28 ccomp _ Gloss=arise|Ref=JER_2:27!18|MId=o240020270181|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:240020220121;|Type=imperative 30 ָה ה X _ _ 29 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_2:27!18|MId=o240020270182|Strong=1886j|Type=paragogic_he 31-33 וְהוֹשִׁיעֵֽנוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_2:27!19|MId=o240020270191|Strong=2050b 32 הוֹשִׁיע יָשַׁע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 29 conj _ Gloss=save|Ref=JER_2:27!19|MId=o240020270192|Strong=3467|Frame=AA:240020220121;A0:240020270193;|Type=imperative 33 ֵֽנוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 32 obj _ Gloss=us|Ref=JER_2:27!19|MId=o240020270193|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=JER_2:27!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אֹמְרִים *\[who\] say* | participle active · qal | | | | | | יְלִדְתּ *you* | qatal · qal | אַתְּ *you* | ָנוּ *gave birth to us* | | | | **not** פָנוּ *they have turned* | qatal · qal | | עֹרֶף *a neck* | | | | יֹֽאמְרוּ *they will say* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | קוּמ *arise* | imperative · qal | | | | | | הוֹשִׁיע *save* | imperative · hiphil | ֵֽנוּ *us* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אָמְרִין לְצֵלֶם אָעָא אֲבוּנָא אַתְּ וּלְמָה דְמִתְעֲבֵיד מִן אַבָנָא אָמְרִין לֵיהּ אַתְּ בְּרֵיתָנָא אֲרֵי אַחְזָרוּ בְּפוּלְחָנִי קְדַל וְלָא שַׁוִיאוּ דְחַלְתִּי לִקְבֵיל אַפֵיהוֹן וּכְעִידַן דְבִישְׁתָא אַתְיָא עֲלֵיהוֹן כָּפְרִין בְּטַעֲוַתְהוֹן וּמוֹדָן קָדָמַי וְאָמְרִין רַחֵים עֲלָנָא וּפְרוֹקָנָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Who say to a stock: 'Thou art my father', and to a stone: 'Thou hast brought us forth', for they have turned their back unto Me, and not their face; but in the time of their trouble they will say: 'Arise, and save us.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.51/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:45`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 2:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.2.26/) - next →: [Jeremiah 2:28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.2.28/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/2/)