--- title: Jeremiah 20:10 — For I have heard the whispering of many, terror on every side: 'Deno… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For I have heard the whispering of many, terror on every side: 'Denounce, and we will denounce him'; even of all my familiar friends, them that watch for my halting: 'Peradventure he will be enticed, and we shall prevail against him, and we shall take our revenge on him.' Who acts: I, we, our. Jerem --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.20.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/20/) / 20:10 # Jeremiah 20:10 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** I, we, our · **What happens:** hear, denounce, watch, entice, prevail, take · **To what, where:** whispering, LORD, revenge This is Jeremiah 20:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, we, our — and what happens in the verse to whispering, LORD, revenge, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּ֣י שָׁמַ֜עְתִּי דִּבַּ֣ת רַבִּים֮ מָג֣וֹר מִסָּבִיב֒ הַגִּ֙ידוּ֙ וְנַגִּידֶ֔נּוּ כֹּ֚ל אֱנ֣וֹשׁ שְׁלוֹמִ֔י שֹׁמְרֵ֖י צַלְעִ֑י אוּלַ֤י יְפֻתֶּה֙ וְנ֣וּכְלָה ל֔וֹ וְנִקְחָ֥ה נִקְמָתֵ֖נוּ מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃ [For I have heard the whispering of many, terror on every side: 'Denounce, and we will denounce him'; even of all my familiar friends, them that watch for my halting: 'Peradventure he will be enticed, and we shall prevail against him, and we shall take our revenge on him.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.558/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:484 # text = כִּ֣י שָׁמַ֜עְתִּי דִּבַּ֣ת רַבִּים֮ מָג֣וֹר מִסָּבִיב֒ הַגִּ֙ידוּ֙ וְנַגִּידֶ֔נּוּ כֹּ֚ל אֱנ֣וֹשׁ שְׁלוֹמִ֔י שֹׁמְרֵ֖י צַלְעִ֑י אוּלַ֤י יְפֻתֶּה֙ וְנ֣וּכְלָה ל֔וֹ וְנִקְחָ֥ה נִקְמָתֵ֖נוּ מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃ # verse = JER.20.10 1 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 2 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JER_20:10!1|MId=o240200100011|Strong=3588 2 שָׁמַ֜עְתִּי שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.have.heard|Ref=JER_20:10!2|MId=o240200100021|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:240200030111;A1:240200100031;|Type=qatal 3 דִּבַּ֣ת דִּבָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=[the].whispering|Ref=JER_20:10!3|MId=o240200100031|Strong=1681 4 רַבִּים֮ רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.many.[people]|Ref=JER_20:10!4|MId=o240200100041|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 5 מָג֣וֹר מָגוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=terror|Ref=JER_20:10!5|MId=o240200100051|Strong=4032 6-7 מִסָּבִיב֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=[is].from|Ref=JER_20:10!6|MId=o240200100061|Strong=4480 7 סָּבִיב֒ סָבִיב ADV _ Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=round.about|Ref=JER_20:10!6|MId=o240200100062|Strong=5439 8 הַגִּ֙ידוּ֙ נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 parataxis _ Gloss=tell|Ref=JER_20:10!7|MId=o240200100071|Strong=5046|Frame=AA:240200100041;A0:240200030111;|Type=imperative 9-11 וְנַגִּידֶ֔נּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_20:10!8|MId=o240200100081|Strong=2050b 10 נַגִּיד נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=let|Ref=JER_20:10!8|MId=o240200100082|Strong=5046|Frame=AA:240200100041;A0:240200100083;|Type=yiqtol 11 ֶ֔נּוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obj _ Gloss=us.tell.about.him|Ref=JER_20:10!8|MId=o240200100083|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 12 כֹּ֚ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ Gloss=every|Ref=JER_20:10!9|MId=o240200100091|Strong=3605 13 אֱנ֣וֹשׁ אֱנוֹשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(the).person|Ref=JER_20:10!10|MId=o240200100101|Strong=0582 14-15 שְׁלוֹמִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 שְׁלוֹמ שָׁלוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.peace|Ref=JER_20:10!11|MId=o240200100111|Strong=7965 15 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JER_20:10!11|MId=o240200100112|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 16 שֹׁמְרֵ֖י שָׁמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 2 parataxis _ Gloss=[are].watching|Ref=JER_20:10!12|MId=o240200100121|Strong=8104|Frame=A0:240200100101;A1:240200100131;|Type=participle_active 17-18 צַלְעִ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 צַלְע צֶלַע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=stumbling|Ref=JER_20:10!13|MId=o240200100131|Strong=6761 18 ִ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=(of).my|Ref=JER_20:10!13|MId=o240200100132|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 19 אוּלַ֤י אוּלַי ADV _ _ 20 advmod _ Gloss=perhaps|Ref=JER_20:10!14|MId=o240200100141|Strong=0194 20 יְפֻתֶּה֙ פָּתָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.will.be.deceived|Ref=JER_20:10!15|MId=o240200100151|Strong=6601|Frame=A1:240200030111;|Type=yiqtol 21-22 וְנ֣וּכְלָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_20:10!16|MId=o240200100161|Strong=2050b 22 נ֣וּכְלָה יָכֹל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 20 conj _ Gloss=we.will.prevail|Ref=JER_20:10!16|MId=o240200100162|Strong=3201|Frame=A0:240200100101;|Type=cohortative 23-24 ל֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 ל לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_20:10!17|MId=o240200100171|Strong=3807a 24 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=JER_20:10!17|MId=o240200100172|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 25-26 וְנִקְחָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_20:10!18|MId=o240200100181|Strong=2050b 26 נִקְחָ֥ה לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 20 conj _ Gloss=we.will.take|Ref=JER_20:10!18|MId=o240200100182|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:240200100101;A1:240200100191;|Type=cohortative 27-28 נִקְמָתֵ֖נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 נִקְמָת נְקָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 26 obj _ Gloss=vengeance|Ref=JER_20:10!19|MId=o240200100191|Strong=5360 28 ֵ֖נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=JER_20:10!19|MId=o240200100192|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 29-30 מִמֶּֽנּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 מִמּ מִן ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JER_20:10!20|MId=o240200100201|Strong=4480 30 ֶֽנּוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=JER_20:10!20|MId=o240200100202|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=JER_20:10!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שָׁמַעְתִּי *I have heard* | qatal · qal | | דִּבַּת *\[the\] whispering* | | | | הַגִּידוּ *tell* | imperative · hiphil | | | | רַבִּים *of many \[people\]* | | נַגִּיד *let* | yiqtol · hiphil | ֶנּוּ *us tell about him* | | | רַבִּים *of many \[people\]* | | שֹׁמְרֵי *\[are\] watching* | participle active · qal | אֱנוֹשׁ *(the) person* | צַלְע *stumbling* | | | | יְפֻתֶּה *he will be deceived* | yiqtol · pual | | | | | | נוּכְלָה *we will prevail* | cohortative · qal | אֱנוֹשׁ *(the) person* | | | | | נִקְחָה *we will take* | cohortative · qal | אֱנוֹשׁ *(the) person* | נִקְמָת *vengeance* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲרֵי שְׁמָעֵית מִלֵי סַגִיאַיָא דְמִתְכַּנְשִׁין מִסְחוֹר סְחוֹר הֲווֹ וּנְחַוִינֵיהּ כָּל אֱנַשׁ שְׁלָמִי כָמְנִין לְאַבְאָשָׁא לִי מָאִים יִטְעֵי וְנִכּוֹל לֵיהּ וְנִתְפְּרַע פּוּרְעֲנוּתָנָא מִנֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For I have heard the whispering of many, terror on every side: 'Denounce, and we will denounce him'; even of all my familiar friends, them that watch for my halting: 'Peradventure he will be enticed, and we shall prevail against him, and we shall take our revenge on him.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.558/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:484`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 20:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.20.9/) - next →: [Jeremiah 20:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.20.11/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/20/)