--- title: Jeremiah 20:16 — And let that man be as the cities which the LORD overthrew, and repe… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And let that man be as the cities which the LORD overthrew, and repented not; and let him hear a cry in the morning, and an alarm at noontide; Who acts: you, man, LORD. Jeremiah 20:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.20.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/20/) / 20:16 # Jeremiah 20:16 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** you, man, LORD · **What happens:** let, be, overthrow, not repent, hear · **To what, where:** man, cities, cry This is Jeremiah 20:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, man, LORD — and what happens in the verse to man, cities, cry, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהָיָה֙ הָאִ֣ישׁ הַה֔וּא כֶּֽעָרִ֛ים אֲשֶׁר־הָפַ֥ךְ יְהוָ֖ה וְלֹ֣א נִחָ֑ם וְשָׁמַ֤ע זְעָקָה֙ בַּבֹּ֔קֶר וּתְרוּעָ֖ה בְּעֵ֥ת צָהֳרָֽיִם׃ [And let that man be as the cities which the LORD overthrew, and repented not; and let him hear a cry in the morning, and an alarm at noontide;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.564/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:490 # text = וְהָיָה֙ הָאִ֣ישׁ הַה֔וּא כֶּֽעָרִ֛ים אֲשֶׁר־הָפַ֥ךְ יְהוָ֖ה וְלֹ֣א נִחָ֑ם וְשָׁמַ֤ע זְעָקָה֙ בַּבֹּ֔קֶר וּתְרוּעָ֖ה בְּעֵ֥ת צָהֳרָֽיִם׃ # verse = JER.20.16 1-2 וְהָיָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_20:16!1|MId=o240200160011|Strong=2050b 2 הָיָה֙ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 cop _ Gloss=he.will.be|Ref=JER_20:16!1|MId=o240200160012|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:240200160022;|Type=weqatal 3-4 הָאִ֣ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_20:16!2|MId=o240200160021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=person|Ref=JER_20:16!2|MId=o240200160022|Strong=0376 5-6 הַה֔וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_20:16!3|MId=o240200160031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 ה֔וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 det _ Gloss=that|Ref=JER_20:16!3|MId=o240200160032|Strong=1931|Type=personal 7-9 כֶּֽעָרִ֛ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 כֶּֽ כְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=JER_20:16!4|MId=o240200160041|Strong=3509a 8 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_20:16!4|MId=o240200160041ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 עָרִ֛ים עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=cities|Ref=JER_20:16!4|MId=o240200160042|Strong=5892 10 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JER_20:16!5|MId=o240200160051|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 11 הָפַ֥ךְ הָפַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.overthrew|Ref=JER_20:16!6|MId=o240200160061|Strong=2015|Frame=A0:240200160071;A1:240200160043;|Type=qatal 12 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 11 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JER_20:16!7|MId=o240200160071|Strong=3068 13-14 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_20:16!8|MId=o240200160081|Strong=2050b 14 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_20:16!8|MId=o240200160082|Strong=3808|Type=negative 15 נִחָ֑ם נָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 conj _ Gloss=he.had.compassion|Ref=JER_20:16!9|MId=o240200160091|Strong=5162|Frame=A0:240200160071;|Type=qatal 16-17 וְשָׁמַ֤ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_20:16!10|MId=o240200160101|Strong=2050b 17 שָׁמַ֤ע שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=he.will.hear|Ref=JER_20:16!10|MId=o240200160102|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:240200160022;A1:240200160111;|Type=weqatal 18 זְעָקָה֙ זְעָקָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 obj _ Gloss=a.cry.of.distress|Ref=JER_20:16!11|MId=o240200160111|Strong=2201 19-21 בַּבֹּ֔קֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_20:16!12|MId=o240200160121|Strong=0871a 20 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_20:16!12|MId=o240200160121ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 בֹּ֔קֶר בֹּקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=morning|Ref=JER_20:16!12|MId=o240200160122|Strong=1242 22-23 וּתְרוּעָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_20:16!13|MId=o240200160131|Strong=2050b 23 תְרוּעָ֖ה תְּרוּעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 conj _ Gloss=a.shout.of.alarm|Ref=JER_20:16!13|MId=o240200160132|Strong=8643 24-25 בְּעֵ֥ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=at.[the]|Ref=JER_20:16!14|MId=o240200160141|Strong=0871a 25 עֵ֥ת עֵת NOUN _ Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=time|Ref=JER_20:16!14|MId=o240200160142|Strong=6256 26 צָהֳרָֽיִם צָהֳרַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.noon(s)|Ref=JER_20:16!15|MId=o240200160151|Strong=6672a|SpaceAfter=No 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=JER_20:16!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָיָה *he will be* | weqatal · qal | אִישׁ *person* | | | | | הָפַךְ *he overthrew* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | **not** נִחָם *he had compassion* | qatal · niphal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | שָׁמַע *he will hear* | weqatal · qal | אִישׁ *person* | זְעָקָה *a cry of distress* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וִיהֵי גַבְרָא הַהוּא כְּקִרְוַיָא דַהֲפָךְ יְיָ בְּרוּגְזֵיהּ וְלָא אִתּוֹתְבָא וְיִשְׁמַע צַוְחָתָא בְּצַפְרָא וְיַבָּבָא בְּעִדַן טִיהֲרָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And let that man be as the cities which the LORD overthrew, and repented not; and let him hear a cry in the morning, and an alarm at noontide;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.564/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:490`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 20:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.20.15/) - next →: [Jeremiah 20:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.20.17/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/20/)