--- title: Jeremiah 22:18 — Therefore thus saith the LORD concerning Jehoiakim the son of Josiah… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Therefore thus saith the LORD concerning Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah: They shall not lament for him: 'Ah my brother!' or: 'Ah sister!' They shall not lament for him: 'Ah lord!' or: 'Ah his glory!' Who acts: LORD, eyes. Jeremiah 22:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.22.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/22/) / 22:18 # Jeremiah 22:18 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** LORD, eyes · **What happens:** say, not lament, glory · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 22:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, eyes — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לָכֵ֞ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה אֶל־יְהוֹיָקִ֤ים בֶּן־יֹאשִׁיָּ֙הוּ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֔ה לֹא־יִסְפְּד֣וּ ל֔וֹ ה֥וֹי אָחִ֖י וְה֣וֹי אָח֑וֹת לֹא־יִסְפְּד֣וּ ל֔וֹ ה֥וֹי אָד֖וֹן וְה֥וֹי הֹדֹֽה׃ [Therefore thus saith the LORD concerning Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah: They shall not lament for him: 'Ah my brother!' or: 'Ah sister!' They shall not lament for him: 'Ah lord!' or: 'Ah his glory!'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.601/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:524 # text = לָכֵ֞ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה אֶל־יְהוֹיָקִ֤ים בֶּן־יֹאשִׁיָּ֙הוּ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֔ה לֹא־יִסְפְּד֣וּ ל֔וֹ ה֥וֹי אָחִ֖י וְה֣וֹי אָח֑וֹת לֹא־יִסְפְּד֣וּ ל֔וֹ ה֥וֹי אָד֖וֹן וְה֥וֹי הֹדֹֽה׃ # verse = JER.22.18 1-2 לָכֵ֞ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 לָ לָכֵן ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=JER_22:18!1|MId=o240220180011|Strong=3807a 2 כֵ֞ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_22:18!1|MId=o240220180012|Strong=3651 3 כֹּֽה־ כֹּה ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=JER_22:18!2|MId=o240220180021|Strong=3541|SpaceAfter=No 4 אָמַ֣ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=JER_22:18!3|MId=o240220180031|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240220180041;|Type=qatal 5 יְהוָ֗ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JER_22:18!4|MId=o240220180041|Strong=3068 6 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_22:18!5|MId=o240220180051|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 7 יְהוֹיָקִ֤ים יְהוֹיָקִים PROPN _ _ 4 obl _ Gloss=Jehoiakim|Ref=JER_22:18!6|MId=o240220180061|Strong=3079 8 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=JER_22:18!7|MId=o240220180071|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 9 יֹאשִׁיָּ֙הוּ֙ יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Josiah|Ref=JER_22:18!8|MId=o240220180081|Strong=2977a 10 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JER_22:18!9|MId=o240220180091|Strong=4428 11 יְהוּדָ֔ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=JER_22:18!10|MId=o240220180101|Strong=3063 12 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_22:18!11|MId=o240220180111|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 13 יִסְפְּד֣וּ סָפַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 ccomp _ Gloss=people.will.mourn|Ref=JER_22:18!12|MId=o240220180121|Strong=5594|Frame=A0:240220180101;|Type=yiqtol 14-15 ל֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 ל לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JER_22:18!13|MId=o240220180131|Strong=3807a 15 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=JER_22:18!13|MId=o240220180132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16 ה֥וֹי הוֹי INTJ _ _ 13 parataxis _ Gloss=alas!|Ref=JER_22:18!14|MId=o240220180141|Strong=1945|Type=interjection 17-18 אָחִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 אָח אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 parataxis _ Gloss=my.brother|Ref=JER_22:18!15|MId=o240220180151|Strong=0251 18 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JER_22:18!15|MId=o240220180152|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 19-20 וְה֣וֹי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_22:18!16|MId=o240220180161|Strong=2050b 20 ה֣וֹי הוֹי INTJ _ _ 16 conj _ Gloss=alas!|Ref=JER_22:18!16|MId=o240220180162|Strong=1945|Type=interjection 21 אָח֑וֹת אָחוֹת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 parataxis _ Gloss=O.sister|Ref=JER_22:18!17|MId=o240220180171|Strong=0269 22 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_22:18!18|MId=o240220180181|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 23 יִסְפְּד֣וּ סָפַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 13 parataxis _ Gloss=people.will.mourn|Ref=JER_22:18!19|MId=o240220180191|Strong=5594|Frame=A0:240220180101;|Type=yiqtol 24-25 ל֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 ל לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JER_22:18!20|MId=o240220180201|Strong=3807a 25 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=JER_22:18!20|MId=o240220180202|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 26 ה֥וֹי הוֹי INTJ _ _ 13 parataxis _ Gloss=alas!|Ref=JER_22:18!21|MId=o240220180211|Strong=1945|Type=interjection 27 אָד֖וֹן אָדוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 parataxis _ Gloss=O.lord|Ref=JER_22:18!22|MId=o240220180221|Strong=0113 28-29 וְה֥וֹי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_22:18!23|MId=o240220180231|Strong=2050b 29 ה֥וֹי הוֹי INTJ _ _ 26 conj _ Gloss=alas!|Ref=JER_22:18!23|MId=o240220180232|Strong=1945|Type=interjection 30-31 הֹדֹֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הֹד הוֹד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 parataxis _ Gloss=splendor|Ref=JER_22:18!24|MId=o240220180241|Strong=1935 31 ֹֽה הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JER_22:18!24|MId=o240220180242|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=JER_22:18!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | **not** יִסְפְּדוּ *people will mourn* | yiqtol · qal | יְהוּדָה *of Judah* | | | | | **not** יִסְפְּדוּ *people will mourn* | yiqtol · qal | יְהוּדָה *of Judah* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בְּכֵן כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ עַל יְהוֹיָקִים בַּר יֹאשִׁיָה מְלַךְ שִׁבְטָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה לָא יִסְפְּדוּן לֵיהּ וַי עַל אֲחִי וַי עַל אֲחָת לָא יִסְפְּדוּן לֵיהּ וַי עַל מַלְכָּא וַי עַל מַלְכוּתֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Therefore thus saith the LORD concerning Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah: They shall not lament for him: 'Ah my brother!' or: 'Ah sister!' They shall not lament for him: 'Ah lord!' or: 'Ah his glory!'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.601/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:524`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 22:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.22.17/) - next →: [Jeremiah 22:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.22.19/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/22/)