--- title: Jeremiah 22:3 — Thus saith the LORD: Execute ye justice and righteousness, and deliv… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Thus saith the LORD: Execute ye justice and righteousness, and deliver the spoiled out of the hand of the oppressor; and do no wrong, do no violence, to the stranger, the fatherless, nor the widow, neither shed innocent blood in this place. Who acts: LORD, ye. Jeremiah 22:3 in Hebrew with its depend --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.22.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/22/) / 22:3 # Jeremiah 22:3 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** LORD, ye · **What happens:** say, execute, deliver, do, shed · **To what, where:** justice, spoiled, hand, wrong, violence, innocent blood · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 22:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, ye — and what happens in the verse to justice, spoiled, hand, wrong, violence, innocent blood, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה עֲשׂ֤וּ מִשְׁפָּט֙ וּצְדָקָ֔ה וְהַצִּ֥ילוּ גָז֖וּל מִיַּ֣ד עָשׁ֑וֹק וְגֵר֩ יָת֨וֹם וְאַלְמָנָ֤ה אַל־תֹּנוּ֙ אַל־תַּחְמֹ֔סוּ וְדָ֣ם נָקִ֔י אַֽל־תִּשְׁפְּכ֖וּ בַּמָּק֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ [Thus saith the LORD: Execute ye justice and righteousness, and deliver the spoiled out of the hand of the oppressor; and do no wrong, do no violence, to the stranger, the fatherless, nor the widow, neither shed innocent blood in this place.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.583/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:509 # text = כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה עֲשׂ֤וּ מִשְׁפָּט֙ וּצְדָקָ֔ה וְהַצִּ֥ילוּ גָז֖וּל מִיַּ֣ד עָשׁ֑וֹק וְגֵר֩ יָת֨וֹם וְאַלְמָנָ֤ה אַל־תֹּנוּ֙ אַל־תַּחְמֹ֔סוּ וְדָ֣ם נָקִ֔י אַֽל־תִּשְׁפְּכ֖וּ בַּמָּק֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ # verse = JER.22.3 1 כֹּ֣ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=JER_22:3!1|MId=o240220030011|Strong=3541 2 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 1 punct _ Ref=JER_22:3!1 3 אָמַ֣ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=JER_22:3!2|MId=o240220030021|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240220030031;|Type=qatal 4 יְהוָ֗ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JER_22:3!3|MId=o240220030031|Strong=3068 5 עֲשׂ֤וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 3 ccomp _ Gloss=do|Ref=JER_22:3!4|MId=o240220030041|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:240220020051;240220020122;240220020132;A1:240220030051;240220030062;|Type=imperative 6 מִשְׁפָּט֙ מִשְׁפָּט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obj _ Gloss=justice|Ref=JER_22:3!5|MId=o240220030051|Strong=4941 7-8 וּצְדָקָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_22:3!6|MId=o240220030061|Strong=2050b 8 צְדָקָ֔ה צְדָקָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=righteousness|Ref=JER_22:3!6|MId=o240220030062|Strong=6666 9-10 וְהַצִּ֥ילוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_22:3!7|MId=o240220030071|Strong=2050b 10 הַצִּ֥ילוּ נָצַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 5 conj _ Gloss=deliver|Ref=JER_22:3!7|MId=o240220030072|Strong=5337|Frame=AA:240220020051;240220020122;240220020132;A0:240220030081;|Type=imperative 11 גָז֖וּל גָּזַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=[one.who.has.been].robbed|Ref=JER_22:3!8|MId=o240220030081|Strong=1497|Type=participle_passive 12-13 מִיַּ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=from.[the]|Ref=JER_22:3!9|MId=o240220030091|Strong=4480 13 יַּ֣ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=JER_22:3!9|MId=o240220030092|Strong=3027 14 עָשׁ֑וֹק עָשׁוֹק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.an.oppressor|Ref=JER_22:3!10|MId=o240220030101|Strong=6216 15-16 וְגֵר֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_22:3!11|MId=o240220030111|Strong=2050b 16 גֵר֩ גֵּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obj _ Gloss=sojourner|Ref=JER_22:3!11|MId=o240220030112|Strong=1616 17 יָת֨וֹם יָתוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 conj _ Gloss=fatherless|Ref=JER_22:3!12|MId=o240220030121|Strong=3490 18-19 וְאַלְמָנָ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_22:3!13|MId=o240220030131|Strong=2050b 19 אַלְמָנָ֤ה אַלְמָנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 conj _ Gloss=widow|Ref=JER_22:3!13|MId=o240220030132|Strong=0490 20 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=JER_22:3!14|MId=o240220030141|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 21 תֹּנוּ֙ יָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 5 conj _ Gloss=maltreat|Ref=JER_22:3!15|MId=o240220030151|Strong=3238|Frame=AA:240220020051;240220020122;240220020132;A0:240220030112;240220030121;240220030132;|Type=jussive 22 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=JER_22:3!16|MId=o240220030161|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 23 תַּחְמֹ֔סוּ חָמַס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 5 parataxis _ Gloss=treat.violently|Ref=JER_22:3!17|MId=o240220030171|Strong=2554|Frame=A0:240220020051;240220020122;240220020132;A1:240220030112;240220030121;240220030132;|Type=jussive 24-25 וְדָ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_22:3!18|MId=o240220030181|Strong=2050b 25 דָ֣ם דָּם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obj _ Gloss=blood|Ref=JER_22:3!18|MId=o240220030182|Strong=1818 26 נָקִ֔י נָקִי ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 amod _ Gloss=innocent|Ref=JER_22:3!19|MId=o240220030191|Strong=5355|Type=adjective 27 אַֽל־ אַל ADV _ _ 28 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=JER_22:3!20|MId=o240220030201|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 28 תִּשְׁפְּכ֖וּ שָׁפַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 5 conj _ Gloss=shed|Ref=JER_22:3!21|MId=o240220030211|Strong=8210|Frame=A0:240220020051;240220020122;240220020132;A1:240220030182;|Type=jussive 29-31 בַּמָּק֥וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_22:3!22|MId=o240220030221|Strong=0871a 30 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_22:3!22|MId=o240220030221ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 מָּק֥וֹם מָקוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=place|Ref=JER_22:3!22|MId=o240220030222|Strong=4725 32-33 הַזֶּֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_22:3!23|MId=o240220030231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 זֶּֽה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 31 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JER_22:3!23|MId=o240220030232|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=JER_22:3!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | עֲשׂוּ *do* | imperative · qal | | מִשְׁפָּט *justice* + צְדָקָה *righteousness* | | | | הַצִּילוּ *deliver* | imperative · hiphil | גָזוּל *\[one who has been\] robbed* | | | | | **not** תֹּנוּ *maltreat* | jussive · hiphil | גֵר *sojourner* + יָתוֹם *fatherless* + אַלְמָנָה *widow* | | | | | **not** תַּחְמֹסוּ *treat violently* | jussive · qal | | גֵר *sojourner* + יָתוֹם *fatherless* + אַלְמָנָה *widow* | | | | **not** תִּשְׁפְּכוּ *shed* | jussive · qal | | דָם *blood* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ עֲבִידוּ דִינָא וּצְדַקְתָּא וְשֵׁיזִיבוּ אֲנִיסָא מִיַד דְאָנִיס לֵיהּ וְגִיוֹר יִתַּם וְאַרְמְלָא לָא תוֹנוּן וְלָא תֵינְסוּן וְדַם זַכָּאֵי לָא תֵישְׁדוּן בְּאַתְרָא הָדֵין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Thus saith the LORD: Execute ye justice and righteousness, and deliver the spoiled out of the hand of the oppressor; and do no wrong, do no violence, to the stranger, the fatherless, nor the widow, neither shed innocent blood in this place.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.583/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:509`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 22:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.22.2/) - next →: [Jeremiah 22:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.22.4/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/22/)