--- title: Jeremiah 23:38 — But if ye say: 'The burden of the LORD'; therefore thus saith the LO… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But if ye say: 'The burden of the LORD'; therefore thus saith the LORD: Because ye say this word: 'The burden of the LORD', and I have sent unto you, saying: 'Ye shall not say: The burden of the LORD'; Who acts: ye, LORD, I. Jeremiah 23:38 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 191 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.23.38/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/23/) / 23:38 # Jeremiah 23:38 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** ye, LORD, I · **What happens:** say, send, not say, burden · **To what, where:** burden, word, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 23:38 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, LORD, I — and what happens in the verse to burden, word, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאִם־מַשָּׂ֣א יְהוָה֮ תֹּאמֵרוּ֒ לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה יַ֧עַן אֲמָרְכֶ֛ם אֶת־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּ֖ה מַשָּׂ֣א יְהוָ֑ה וָאֶשְׁלַ֤ח אֲלֵיכֶם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹ֥א תֹאמְר֖וּ מַשָּׂ֥א יְהוָֽה׃ [But if ye say: 'The burden of the LORD'; therefore thus saith the LORD: Because ye say this word: 'The burden of the LORD', and I have sent unto you, saying: 'Ye shall not say: The burden of the LORD';](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.659/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:574 # text = וְאִם־מַשָּׂ֣א יְהוָה֮ תֹּאמֵרוּ֒ לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה יַ֧עַן אֲמָרְכֶ֛ם אֶת־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּ֖ה מַשָּׂ֣א יְהוָ֑ה וָאֶשְׁלַ֤ח אֲלֵיכֶם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹ֥א תֹאמְר֖וּ מַשָּׂ֥א יְהוָֽה׃ # verse = JER.23.38 1-2 וְאִם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_23:38!1|MId=o240230380011|Strong=2050b 2 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=JER_23:38!1|MId=o240230380012|Strong=0518 3 מַשָּׂ֣א מַשָּׂא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obj _ Gloss=the.burden|Ref=JER_23:38!2|MId=o240230380021|Strong=4853 4 יְהוָה֮ יהוה PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JER_23:38!3|MId=o240230380031|Strong=3068 5 תֹּאמֵרוּ֒ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.say|Ref=JER_23:38!4|MId=o240230380041|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240230370042;A1:240230380021;|Type=yiqtol 6-7 לָכֵ֗ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לָ לָכֵן ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=JER_23:38!5|MId=o240230380051|Strong=3807a 7 כֵ֗ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 5 conj _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_23:38!5|MId=o240230380052|Strong=3651 8 כֹּ֚ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=JER_23:38!6|MId=o240230380061|Strong=3541 9 אָמַ֣ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 ccomp _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=JER_23:38!7|MId=o240230380071|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240230380081;|Type=qatal 10 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 9 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JER_23:38!8|MId=o240230380081|Strong=3068 11 יַ֧עַן יַעַן ADV _ _ 9 ccomp _ Gloss=because|Ref=JER_23:38!9|MId=o240230380091|Strong=3282 12-13 אֲמָרְכֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 אֲמָר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 11 acl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JER_23:38!10|MId=o240230380101|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240230380102;A1:240230380122;|Type=infinitive_construct 13 ְכֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ Gloss=have.spoken|Ref=JER_23:38!10|MId=o240230380102|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 14 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_23:38!11|MId=o240230380111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 15-16 הַדָּבָ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_23:38!12|MId=o240230380121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 דָּבָ֥ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=word|Ref=JER_23:38!12|MId=o240230380122|Strong=1697 17-18 הַזֶּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_23:38!13|MId=o240230380131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 זֶּ֖ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 16 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JER_23:38!13|MId=o240230380132|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 19 מַשָּׂ֣א מַשָּׂא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 appos _ Gloss=the.burden|Ref=JER_23:38!14|MId=o240230380141|Strong=4853 20 יְהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JER_23:38!15|MId=o240230380151|Strong=3068 21-22 וָאֶשְׁלַ֤ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_23:38!16|MId=o240230380161|Strong=2050b 22 אֶשְׁלַ֤ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 12 conj _ Gloss=I.sent|Ref=JER_23:38!16|MId=o240230380162|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:240230380151;|Type=wayyiqtol 23-24 אֲלֵיכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 אֲלֵי אֶל ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_23:38!17|MId=o240230380171|Strong=0413 24 כֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JER_23:38!17|MId=o240230380172|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 25-26 לֵאמֹ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 28 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=JER_23:38!18|MId=o240230380181|Strong=3807a 26 אמֹ֔ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 25 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_23:38!18|MId=o240230380182|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240230380151;A1:240230380201;|Type=infinitive_construct 27 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 28 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_23:38!19|MId=o240230380191|Strong=3808|Type=negative 28 תֹאמְר֖וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 22 advcl _ Gloss=you.must.say|Ref=JER_23:38!20|MId=o240230380201|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240230370042;A1:240230380211;|Type=yiqtol 29 מַשָּׂ֥א מַשָּׂא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obj _ Gloss=the.burden|Ref=JER_23:38!21|MId=o240230380211|Strong=4853 30 יְהוָֽה יהוה PROPN _ _ 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JER_23:38!22|MId=o240230380221|Strong=3068|SpaceAfter=No 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=JER_23:38!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תֹּאמֵרוּ *you will say* | yiqtol · qal | | מַשָּׂא *the burden* | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | אֲמָר *you* | infinitive construct · qal | ְכֶם *have spoken* | דָּבָר *word* | | | | אֶשְׁלַח *I sent* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *of Yahweh* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | יְהוָה *of Yahweh* | תֹאמְרוּ *you must say* | | | | **not** תֹאמְרוּ *you must say* | yiqtol · qal | | מַשָּׂא *the burden* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאִם נְבוּאָה בִשְׁמָא דַייָ תֵימְרוּן בְּכֵן כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ חֲלַף דַאֲמַרְתּוּן יַת פִּתְגָמָא הָדֵין נְבוּאָה בִּשְׁמָא דַייָ וְשַׁלְחֵית לְוַתְכוֹן לְמֵימָר לָא תֵימְרוּן נְבוּאֲתָא מִקָדָם יְיָ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But if ye say: 'The burden of the LORD'; therefore thus saith the LORD: Because ye say this word: 'The burden of the LORD', and I have sent unto you, saying: 'Ye shall not say: The burden of the LORD';](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.659/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:574`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 23:37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.23.37/) - next →: [Jeremiah 23:39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.23.39/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/23/)