--- title: Jeremiah 24:8 — And as the bad figs, which cannot be eaten, they are so bad; surely… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And as the bad figs, which cannot be eaten, they are so bad; surely thus saith the LORD: So will I make Zedekiah the king of Judah, and his princes, and the residue of Jerusalem, that remain in this land, and them that dwell in the land of Egypt; Who acts: figs, LORD, I, residue. Jeremiah 24:8 in He --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.24.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/24/) / 24:8 # Jeremiah 24:8 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** figs, LORD, I, residue · **What happens:** not eat, be, say, make, remain, dwell · **To what, where:** bad figs, Zedekiah, land · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 24:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — figs, LORD, I, residue — and what happens in the verse to bad figs, Zedekiah, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְכַתְּאֵנִים֙ הָֽרָע֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־תֵאָכַ֖לְנָה מֵרֹ֑עַ כִּי־כֹ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה כֵּ֣ן אֶ֠תֵּן אֶת־צִדְקִיָּ֨הוּ מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֤ה וְאֶת־שָׂרָיו֙ וְאֵ֣ת ׀ שְׁאֵרִ֣ית יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם הַנִּשְׁאָרִים֙ בָּאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את וְהַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃ [And as the bad figs, which cannot be eaten, they are so bad; surely thus saith the LORD: So will I make Zedekiah the king of Judah, and his princes, and the residue of Jerusalem, that remain in this land, and them that dwell in the land of Egypt;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.669/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:584 # text = וְכַתְּאֵנִים֙ הָֽרָע֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־תֵאָכַ֖לְנָה מֵרֹ֑עַ כִּי־כֹ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה כֵּ֣ן אֶ֠תֵּן אֶת־צִדְקִיָּ֨הוּ מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֤ה וְאֶת־שָׂרָיו֙ וְאֵ֣ת ׀ שְׁאֵרִ֣ית יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם הַנִּשְׁאָרִים֙ בָּאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את וְהַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃ # verse = JER.24.8 1-4 וְכַתְּאֵנִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_24:8!1|MId=o240240080011|Strong=2050b 2 כַ כְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=JER_24:8!1|MId=o240240080012|Strong=3509a 3 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_24:8!1|MId=o240240080012ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 תְּאֵנִים֙ תְּאֵנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=figs|Ref=JER_24:8!1|MId=o240240080013|Strong=8384 5-6 הָֽרָע֔וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_24:8!2|MId=o240240080021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 רָע֔וֹת רַע ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 4 amod _ Gloss=bad|Ref=JER_24:8!2|MId=o240240080022|Strong=7451|Type=adjective 7 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JER_24:8!3|MId=o240240080031|Strong=0834|Type=relative 8 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_24:8!4|MId=o240240080041|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 9 תֵאָכַ֖לְנָה אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.will.be.eaten|Ref=JER_24:8!5|MId=o240240080051|Strong=0398|Frame=A1:240240080014;|Type=yiqtol 10-11 מֵרֹ֑עַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JER_24:8!6|MId=o240240080061|Strong=4480 11 רֹ֑עַ רֹעַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=badness|Ref=JER_24:8!6|MId=o240240080062|Strong=7455 12 כִּי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JER_24:8!7|MId=o240240080071|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 13 כֹ֣ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=JER_24:8!8|MId=o240240080081|Strong=3541 14 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 13 punct _ Ref=JER_24:8!8 15 אָמַ֣ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 advcl _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=JER_24:8!9|MId=o240240080091|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240240080101;|Type=qatal 16 יְהוָ֗ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 15 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JER_24:8!10|MId=o240240080101|Strong=3068 17 כֵּ֣ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 18 advmod _ Gloss=so|Ref=JER_24:8!11|MId=o240240080111|Strong=3651|Type=demonstrative 18 אֶ֠תֵּן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 15 ccomp _ Gloss=I.will.make|Ref=JER_24:8!12|MId=o240240080121|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:240240080101;A1:240240080141;240240080181;240240080201;|Type=yiqtol 19 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_24:8!13|MId=o240240080131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 20 צִדְקִיָּ֨הוּ צִדְקִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 18 obj _ Gloss=Zedekiah|Ref=JER_24:8!14|MId=o240240080141|Strong=6667a 21 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JER_24:8!15|MId=o240240080151|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 22 יְהוּדָ֤ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=JER_24:8!16|MId=o240240080161|Strong=3063 23-24 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_24:8!17|MId=o240240080171|Strong=2050b 24 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_24:8!17|MId=o240240080172|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 25-26 שָׂרָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 שָׂרָי שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 conj _ Gloss=officials|Ref=JER_24:8!18|MId=o240240080181|Strong=8269 26 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JER_24:8!18|MId=o240240080182|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27-28 וְאֵ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_24:8!19|MId=o240240080191|Strong=2050b 28 אֵ֣ת אֵת ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_24:8!19|MId=o240240080192|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 29 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=JER_24:8!19 30 שְׁאֵרִ֣ית שְׁאֵרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 conj _ Gloss=the.remnant|Ref=JER_24:8!20|MId=o240240080201|Strong=7611 31 יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jerusalem|Ref=JER_24:8!21|MId=o240240080211|Strong=3389 32-33 הַנִּשְׁאָרִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 33 mark _ Gloss=[those|Ref=JER_24:8!22|MId=o240240080221|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 נִּשְׁאָרִים֙ שָׁאַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur 30 appos _ Gloss=who].remain|Ref=JER_24:8!22|MId=o240240080222|Strong=7604|Frame=A1:240240080201;|Type=participle_active 34-36 בָּאָ֣רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_24:8!23|MId=o240240080231|Strong=0871a 35 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_24:8!23|MId=o240240080231ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 אָ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 33 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=JER_24:8!23|MId=o240240080232|Strong=0776 37-38 הַזֹּ֔את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 38 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_24:8!24|MId=o240240080241|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 38 זֹּ֔את זֹאת DET _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 36 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JER_24:8!24|MId=o240240080242|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 39-41 וְהַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 41 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_24:8!25|MId=o240240080251|Strong=2050b 40 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 41 mark _ Gloss=[those|Ref=JER_24:8!25|MId=o240240080252|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 41 יֹּשְׁבִ֖ים יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 33 conj _ Gloss=who].dwell|Ref=JER_24:8!25|MId=o240240080253|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:240240080201;|Type=participle_active 42-43 בְּאֶ֥רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 43 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_24:8!26|MId=o240240080261|Strong=0871a 43 אֶ֥רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 41 obl _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=JER_24:8!26|MId=o240240080262|Strong=0776 44 מִצְרָֽיִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 43 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=JER_24:8!27|MId=o240240080271|Strong=4714|SpaceAfter=No 45 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 44 punct _ Ref=JER_24:8!27 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** תֵאָכַלְנָה *they will be eaten* | yiqtol · niphal | | | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | אֶתֵּן *I will make* | yiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | צִדְקִיָּהוּ *Zedekiah* + שָׂרָי *officials* + שְׁאֵרִית *the remnant* | | | | נִּשְׁאָרִים *who\] remain* | participle active · niphal | | שְׁאֵרִית *the remnant* | | | | יֹּשְׁבִים *who\] dwell* | participle active · qal | שְׁאֵרִית *the remnant* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּכְתֵינַיָא בִּישְׁתָא דְלָא מִתְאַכְלָא מִבִּישׁוּ אֲרֵי כִדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ כֵּן אֶתֵּן יַת צִדְקִיָהוּ מְלַךְ שִׁבְטָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה וְיַת רַבְרְבוֹהִי וְיַת שְׁאָרָא דִירוּשְׁלֵם דְאִשְׁתְּאָרוּ בְּאַרְעָא הָדָא וּדְיַתְבִין בְּאַרְעָא דְמִצְרָיִם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And as the bad figs, which cannot be eaten, they are so bad; surely thus saith the LORD: So will I make Zedekiah the king of Judah, and his princes, and the residue of Jerusalem, that remain in this land, and them that dwell in the land of Egypt;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.669/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:584`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 24:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.24.7/) - next →: [Jeremiah 24:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.24.9/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/24/)