--- title: Jeremiah 25:26 — and all the kings of the north, far and near, one with another; and… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and all the kings of the north, far and near, one with another; and all the kingdoms of the world, which are upon the face of the earth. — And the king of Sheshach shall drink after them. Who acts: kingdoms, king. Jeremiah 25:26 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the p --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.25.26/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/25/) / 25:26 # Jeremiah 25:26 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** kingdoms, king · **What happens:** be, drink This is Jeremiah 25:26 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — kingdoms, king — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאֵ֣ת ׀ כָּל־מַלְכֵ֣י הַצָּפ֗וֹן הַקְּרֹבִ֤ים וְהָֽרְחֹקִים֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־אָחִ֔יו וְאֵת֙ כָּל־הַמַּמְלְכ֣וֹת הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הָאֲדָמָ֑ה וּמֶ֥לֶךְ שֵׁשַׁ֖ךְ יִשְׁתֶּ֥ה אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם׃ [and all the kings of the north, far and near, one with another; and all the kingdoms of the world, which are upon the face of the earth. — And the king of Sheshach shall drink after them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.697/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:612 # text = וְאֵ֣ת ׀ כָּל־מַלְכֵ֣י הַצָּפ֗וֹן הַקְּרֹבִ֤ים וְהָֽרְחֹקִים֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־אָחִ֔יו וְאֵת֙ כָּל־הַמַּמְלְכ֣וֹת הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הָאֲדָמָ֑ה וּמֶ֥לֶךְ שֵׁשַׁ֖ךְ יִשְׁתֶּ֥ה אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם׃ # verse = JER.25.26 1-2 וְאֵ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_25:26!1|MId=o240250260011|Strong=2050b 2 אֵ֣ת אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_25:26!1|MId=o240250260012|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=JER_25:26!1 4 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=all|Ref=JER_25:26!2|MId=o240250260021|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 5 מַלְכֵ֣י מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.kings|Ref=JER_25:26!3|MId=o240250260031|Strong=4428 6-7 הַצָּפ֗וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_25:26!4|MId=o240250260041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 צָּפ֗וֹן צָפוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.north|Ref=JER_25:26!4|MId=o240250260042|Strong=6828 8-9 הַקְּרֹבִ֤ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_25:26!5|MId=o240250260051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 קְּרֹבִ֤ים קָרֹוב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 amod _ Gloss=near|Ref=JER_25:26!5|MId=o240250260052|Strong=7138|Type=adjective 10-12 וְהָֽרְחֹקִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_25:26!6|MId=o240250260061|Strong=2050b 11 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_25:26!6|MId=o240250260062|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 רְחֹקִים֙ רָחֹוק ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 conj _ Gloss=far|Ref=JER_25:26!6|MId=o240250260063|Strong=7350|Type=adjective 13 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 advmod _ Gloss=each|Ref=JER_25:26!7|MId=o240250260071|Strong=0376 14 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_25:26!8|MId=o240250260081|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 15-16 אָחִ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 אָחִ֔י אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 nmod _ Gloss=brother|Ref=JER_25:26!9|MId=o240250260091|Strong=0251 16 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JER_25:26!9|MId=o240250260092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 17-18 וְאֵת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_25:26!10|MId=o240250260101|Strong=2050b 18 אֵת֙ אֵת ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_25:26!10|MId=o240250260102|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 19 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JER_25:26!11|MId=o240250260111|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 20-21 הַמַּמְלְכ֣וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_25:26!12|MId=o240250260121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 מַּמְלְכ֣וֹת מַמְלָכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=kingdoms|Ref=JER_25:26!12|MId=o240250260122|Strong=4467 22-23 הָאָ֔רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_25:26!13|MId=o240250260131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 אָ֔רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.earth|Ref=JER_25:26!13|MId=o240250260132|Strong=0776 24 אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 26 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JER_25:26!14|MId=o240250260141|Strong=0834|Type=relative 25 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=[are].on|Ref=JER_25:26!15|MId=o240250260151|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 26 פְּנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 19 acl:relcl _ Gloss=the.surface|Ref=JER_25:26!16|MId=o240250260161|Strong=6440 27-28 הָאֲדָמָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_25:26!17|MId=o240250260171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 אֲדָמָ֑ה אֲדָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.ground|Ref=JER_25:26!17|MId=o240250260172|Strong=0127 29-30 וּמֶ֥לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_25:26!18|MId=o240250260181|Strong=2050b 30 מֶ֥לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JER_25:26!18|MId=o240250260182|Strong=4428 31 שֵׁשַׁ֖ךְ שֵׁשַׁךְ PROPN _ _ 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Sheshach|Ref=JER_25:26!19|MId=o240250260191|Strong=8347 32 יִשְׁתֶּ֥ה שָׁתָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.will.drink|Ref=JER_25:26!20|MId=o240250260201|Strong=8354|Frame=A0:240250260182;A1:240250170032;|Type=yiqtol 33-34 אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 אַחֲרֵי אַחַר ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=JER_25:26!21|MId=o240250260211|Strong=0310 34 הֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JER_25:26!21|MId=o240250260212|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=JER_25:26!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִשְׁתֶּה *he will drink* | yiqtol · qal | מֶלֶךְ *the king* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְיַת כָּל מַלְכֵי צִפּוּנָא דְקָרִיבִין וּדְרָחִיקִין גְבַר לַאֲחוֹהִי וְיַת כָּל מַלְכְּוַת עַמְמַיָא דְעַל אַפֵּי אַרְעָא וּמַלְכָּא דְבָבֶל יִשְׁתֵּי בַּתְרֵיהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and all the kings of the north, far and near, one with another; and all the kingdoms of the world, which are upon the face of the earth. — And the king of Sheshach shall drink after them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.697/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:612`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 25:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.25.25/) - next →: [Jeremiah 25:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.25.27/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/25/)