--- title: Jeremiah 29:23 — because they have wrought vile deeds in Israel, and have committed a… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: because they have wrought vile deeds in Israel, and have committed adultery with their neighbours' wives, and have spoken words in My name falsely, which I commanded them not; but I am He that knoweth, and am witness, saith the LORD. Who acts: words, I, LORD, My. Jeremiah 29:23 in Hebrew with its de --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.29.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/29/) / 29:23 # Jeremiah 29:23 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** words, I, LORD, My · **What happens:** wrought, commit, speak, not command, be, know · **To what, where:** vile deeds, Israel, adultery, words, name, witness · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 29:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — words, I, LORD, My — and what happens in the verse to vile deeds, Israel, adultery, words, name, witness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. יַ֡עַן אֲשֶׁר֩ עָשׂ֨וּ נְבָלָ֜ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַיְנַֽאֲפוּ֙ אֶת־נְשֵׁ֣י רֵֽעֵיהֶ֔ם וַיְדַבְּר֨וּ דָבָ֤ר בִּשְׁמִי֙ שֶׁ֔קֶר אֲשֶׁ֖ר ל֣וֹא צִוִּיתִ֑ם וְאָנֹכִ֛י הַיּוֹדֵ֥עַוָעֵ֖ד נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ס [because they have wrought vile deeds in Israel, and have committed adultery with their neighbours' wives, and have spoken words in My name falsely, which I commanded them not; but I am He that knoweth, and am witness, saith the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.798/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:710 # text = יַ֡עַן אֲשֶׁר֩ עָשׂ֨וּ נְבָלָ֜ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַיְנַֽאֲפוּ֙ אֶת־נְשֵׁ֣י רֵֽעֵיהֶ֔ם וַיְדַבְּר֨וּ דָבָ֤ר בִּשְׁמִי֙ שֶׁ֔קֶר אֲשֶׁ֖ר ל֣וֹא צִוִּיתִ֑ם וְאָנֹכִ֛י הַיּוֹדֵ֥עַוָעֵ֖ד נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ס # verse = JER.29.23 1 יַ֡עַן יַעַן ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=because|Ref=JER_29:23!1|MId=o240290230011|Strong=3282 2 אֲשֶׁר֩ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=JER_29:23!2|MId=o240290230021|Strong=0834|Type=relative 3 עָשׂ֨וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.did|Ref=JER_29:23!3|MId=o240290230031|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:240290220122;240290220133;A1:240290230041;|Type=qatal 4 נְבָלָ֜ה נְבָלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 obj _ Gloss=disgraceful.folly|Ref=JER_29:23!4|MId=o240290230041|Strong=5039 5-6 בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_29:23!5|MId=o240290230051|Strong=0871a 6 יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 3 obl _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=JER_29:23!5|MId=o240290230052|Strong=3478 7-8 וַיְנַֽאֲפוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_29:23!6|MId=o240290230061|Strong=2050b 8 יְנַֽאֲפוּ֙ נָאַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=they.committed.adultery|Ref=JER_29:23!6|MId=o240290230062|Strong=5003|Frame=A0:240290220122;240290220133;A1:240290230081;|Type=wayyiqtol 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_29:23!7|MId=o240290230071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 10 נְשֵׁ֣י אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 8 obj _ Gloss=the.wives|Ref=JER_29:23!8|MId=o240290230081|Strong=0802 11-12 רֵֽעֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 רֵֽעֵי רֵעַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=their.neighbors|Ref=JER_29:23!9|MId=o240290230091|Strong=7453 12 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JER_29:23!9|MId=o240290230092|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 13-14 וַיְדַבְּר֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_29:23!10|MId=o240290230101|Strong=2050b 14 יְדַבְּר֨וּ דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=they.spoke|Ref=JER_29:23!10|MId=o240290230102|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:240290220122;240290220133;A1:240290230111;|Type=wayyiqtol 15 דָבָ֤ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obj _ Gloss=a.word|Ref=JER_29:23!11|MId=o240290230111|Strong=1697 16-18 בִּשְׁמִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_29:23!12|MId=o240290230121|Strong=0871a 17 שְׁמ שֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=name|Ref=JER_29:23!12|MId=o240290230122|Strong=8034 18 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JER_29:23!12|MId=o240290230123|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 19 שֶׁ֔קֶר שֶׁקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 appos _ Gloss=falsehood|Ref=JER_29:23!13|MId=o240290230131|Strong=8267 20 אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JER_29:23!14|MId=o240290230141|Strong=0834|Type=relative 21 ל֣וֹא לֹא ADV _ _ 22 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_29:23!15|MId=o240290230151|Strong=3808|Type=negative 22-23 צִוִּיתִ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 צִוִּיתִ֑ צָוָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 19 acl:relcl _ Gloss=I|Ref=JER_29:23!16|MId=o240290230161|Strong=6680|Frame=A0:240290210031;A2:240290230162;A1:240290230131;|Type=qatal 23 ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ Gloss=commanded.them|Ref=JER_29:23!16|MId=o240290230162|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 24-25 וְאָנֹכִ֛י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_29:23!17|MId=o240290230171|Strong=2050b 25 אָנֹכִ֛י אָנֹכִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=JER_29:23!17|MId=o240290230172|Strong=0595|Type=personal 26-29 הַיּוֹדֵ֥עַוָעֵ֖ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 27 mark _ Gloss=[am].the|Ref=JER_29:23!20|MId=o240290230201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 יּוֹדֵ֥עַ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=[one.who].knows|Ref=JER_29:23!20|MId=o240290230202|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:240290210031;|Type=participle_active 28 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_29:23!21|MId=o240290230211|Strong=2050b 29 עֵ֖ד עֵד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 conj _ Gloss=a.witness|Ref=JER_29:23!21|MId=o240290230212|Strong=5707 30 נְאֻם־ נְאֻם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ Gloss=the.utterance|Ref=JER_29:23!22|MId=o240290230221|Strong=5002|SpaceAfter=No 31 יְהוָֽה יהוה PROPN _ _ 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JER_29:23!23|MId=o240290230231|Strong=3068|SpaceAfter=No 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=JER_29:23!23|SpaceAfter=No 33 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=JER_29:23!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָשׂוּ *they did* | qatal · qal | | נְבָלָה *disgraceful folly* | | | | יְנַֽאֲפוּ *they committed adultery* | wayyiqtol · piel | | נְשֵׁי *the wives* | | | | יְדַבְּרוּ *they spoke* | wayyiqtol · piel | | דָבָר *a word* | | | | **not** צִוִּיתִ *I* | qatal · piel | | שֶׁקֶר *falsehood* | ם *commanded them* | | | יּוֹדֵעַ *\[one who\] knows* | participle active · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} חֲלַף דַעֲבָדוּ קְלָנָא בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וְזַנִיאוּ יַת נְשֵׁי חַבְרֵיהוֹן וּמַלִילוּ פִּתְגָמָא בִשְׁמִי שִׁקְרָא דְלָא פַקֵידְתִּינוּן וּקְדָמַי גְלֵי וּמֵימְרֵי סָהִיד אֲמַר יְיָ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [because they have wrought vile deeds in Israel, and have committed adultery with their neighbours' wives, and have spoken words in My name falsely, which I commanded them not; but I am He that knoweth, and am witness, saith the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.798/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:710`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 29:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.29.22/) - next →: [Jeremiah 29:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.29.24/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/29/)