--- title: Jeremiah 31:21 — Set thee up waymarks, make thee guide-posts; set thy heart toward th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Set thee up waymarks, make thee guide-posts; set thy heart toward the high-way, even the way by which thou wentest; Return, O virgin of Israel, return to these thy cities. Who acts: you, thou. Jeremiah 31:21 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every cl --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.31.21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/31/) / 31:21 # Jeremiah 31:21 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** you, thou · **What happens:** set up, make, set, go, return · **To what, where:** thee, guide posts, heart, cities This is Jeremiah 31:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, thou — and what happens in the verse to thee, guide posts, heart, cities, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הַצִּ֧יבִי לָ֣ךְ צִיֻּנִ֗ים שִׂ֤מִי לָךְ֙ תַּמְרוּרִ֔ים שִׁ֣תִי לִבֵּ֔ךְ לַֽמְסִלָּ֖ה דֶּ֣רֶךְ הָלָ֑כְתְּ שׁ֚וּבִי בְּתוּלַ֣ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שֻׁ֖בִי אֶל־עָרַ֥יִךְ אֵֽלֶּה׃ [Set thee up waymarks, make thee guide-posts; set thy heart toward the high-way, even the way by which thou wentest; Return, O virgin of Israel, return to these thy cities.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.855/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:764 # text = הַצִּ֧יבִי לָ֣ךְ צִיֻּנִ֗ים שִׂ֤מִי לָךְ֙ תַּמְרוּרִ֔ים שִׁ֣תִי לִבֵּ֔ךְ לַֽמְסִלָּ֖ה דֶּ֣רֶךְ הָלָ֑כְתְּ שׁ֚וּבִי בְּתוּלַ֣ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שֻׁ֖בִי אֶל־עָרַ֥יִךְ אֵֽלֶּה׃ # verse = JER.31.21 1 הַצִּ֧יבִי נָצַב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=set.up|Ref=JER_31:21!1|MId=o240310210011|Strong=5324|Frame=AA:240310210141;A0:240310210031;|Type=imperative 2-3 לָ֣ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 ל לְ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JER_31:21!2|MId=o240310210021|Strong=3807a 3 ָ֣ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 1 obl _ Gloss=yourself|Ref=JER_31:21!2|MId=o240310210022|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 4 צִיֻּנִ֗ים צִיּוּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 obj _ Gloss=road.markers|Ref=JER_31:21!3|MId=o240310210031|Strong=6725 5 שִׂ֤מִי שׂים VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 1 parataxis _ Gloss=place|Ref=JER_31:21!4|MId=o240310210041|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:240310210141;A1:240310210061;|Type=imperative 6-7 לָךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 ל לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JER_31:21!5|MId=o240310210051|Strong=3807a 7 ָךְ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 5 obl _ Gloss=yourself|Ref=JER_31:21!5|MId=o240310210052|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 8 תַּמְרוּרִ֔ים תַּמְרוּרִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 obj _ Gloss=guideposts|Ref=JER_31:21!6|MId=o240310210061|Strong=8564 9 שִׁ֣תִי שִׁית VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 1 parataxis _ Gloss=set|Ref=JER_31:21!7|MId=o240310210071|Strong=7896|Frame=A0:240310210141;A1:240310210081;|Type=imperative 10-11 לִבֵּ֔ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לִבּ לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=heart|Ref=JER_31:21!8|MId=o240310210081|Strong=3820 11 ֵ֔ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_31:21!8|MId=o240310210082|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 12-14 לַֽמְסִלָּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_31:21!9|MId=o240310210091|Strong=3807a 13 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_31:21!9|MId=o240310210091ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 מְסִלָּ֖ה מְסִלָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=highway|Ref=JER_31:21!9|MId=o240310210092|Strong=4546 15 דֶּ֣רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 appos _ Gloss=[the].way|Ref=JER_31:21!10|MId=o240310210101|Strong=1870 16 הָלָ֑כְתְּ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 15 acl _ Gloss=[which].you.went|Ref=JER_31:21!12|MId=o240310210121|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:240310210141;|Type=qatal 17 שׁ֚וּבִי שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 1 parataxis _ Gloss=return|Ref=JER_31:21!13|MId=o240310210131|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:240310210141;|Type=imperative 18 בְּתוּלַ֣ת בְּתוּלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 parataxis _ Gloss=O.virgin|Ref=JER_31:21!14|MId=o240310210141|Strong=1330 19 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=JER_31:21!15|MId=o240310210151|Strong=3478 20 שֻׁ֖בִי שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 17 parataxis _ Gloss=return|Ref=JER_31:21!16|MId=o240310210161|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:240310210141;|Type=imperative 21 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_31:21!17|MId=o240310210171|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 עָרַ֥יִךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 עָרַ֥י עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 20 obl _ Gloss=cities|Ref=JER_31:21!18|MId=o240310210181|Strong=5892 23 ִךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_31:21!18|MId=o240310210182|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 24 אֵֽלֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 22 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=JER_31:21!19|MId=o240310210191|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=JER_31:21!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הַצִּיבִי *set up* | imperative · hiphil | צִיֻּנִים *road markers* | | | בְּתוּלַת *O virgin* | | שִׂמִי *place* | imperative · qal | בְּתוּלַת *O virgin* | תַּמְרוּרִים *guideposts* | | | | שִׁתִי *set* | imperative · qal | בְּתוּלַת *O virgin* | לִבּ *heart* | | | | הָלָכְתְּ *\[which\] you went* | qatal · qal | בְּתוּלַת *O virgin* | | | | | שׁוּבִי *return* | imperative · qal | בְּתוּלַת *O virgin* | | | | | שֻׁבִי *return* | imperative · qal | בְּתוּלַת *O virgin* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} כְּנִשְׁתָּא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל אֶדְכְּרִי לִיךְ עוֹבָדֵי אֲבָהָתִיךְ תַּקְנַיָא שְׁפוּכִי תַחֲנוּנִין בִּמְרַר שַׁוִיאִי לִבִּיךְ אִסְתַּכָּלִי בְּעוֹבָדִין דַעֲבַדְתְּ אִם תַּקְנִין דְכֵן גְלֵית לְאוֹרַח רְחִיקָא כְּדוֹ תּוּבוּ כְּנִשְׁתָּא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל וּתְתוּבוּן לִקְרְוָךְ אִלֵין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Set thee up waymarks, make thee guide-posts; set thy heart toward the high-way, even the way by which thou wentest; Return, O virgin of Israel, return to these thy cities.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.855/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:764`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 31:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.31.20/) - next →: [Jeremiah 31:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.31.22/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/31/)