--- title: Jeremiah 31:30 — But every one shall die for his own iniquity; every man that eateth… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But every one shall die for his own iniquity; every man that eateth the sour grapes, his teeth shall be set on edge. Who acts: one, man. Jeremiah 31:30 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.31.30/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/31/) / 31:30 # Jeremiah 31:30 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** one, man · **What happens:** die, eat, set · **To what, where:** sour grapes, man, edge This is Jeremiah 31:30 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — one, man — and what happens in the verse to sour grapes, man, edge, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּ֛י אִם־אִ֥ישׁ בַּעֲוֺנ֖וֹ יָמ֑וּת כָּל־הָֽאָדָ֛ם הָאֹכֵ֥ל הַבֹּ֖סֶר תִּקְהֶ֥ינָה שִׁנָּֽיו׃ס [But every one shall die for his own iniquity; every man that eateth the sour grapes, his teeth shall be set on edge.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.865/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:773 # text = כִּ֛י אִם־אִ֥ישׁ בַּעֲוֺנ֖וֹ יָמ֑וּת כָּל־הָֽאָדָ֛ם הָאֹכֵ֥ל הַבֹּ֖סֶר תִּקְהֶ֥ינָה שִׁנָּֽיו׃ס # verse = JER.31.30 1 כִּ֛י כִּי SCONJ _ ExtPos=SCONJ 7 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JER_31:30!1|MId=o240310300011|Strong=3588 2 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 1 fixed _ Gloss=(if)|Ref=JER_31:30!2|MId=o240310300021|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 3 אִ֥ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=everyone|Ref=JER_31:30!3|MId=o240310300031|Strong=0376 4-6 בַּעֲוֺנ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JER_31:30!4|MId=o240310300041|Strong=0871a 5 עֲוֺנ עָוֺן NOUN _ Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=his.own|Ref=JER_31:30!4|MId=o240310300042|Strong=5771 6 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=iniquity|Ref=JER_31:30!4|MId=o240310300043|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 7 יָמ֑וּת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.will.die|Ref=JER_31:30!5|MId=o240310300051|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:240310300031;|Type=yiqtol 8 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 dislocated _ Gloss=every|Ref=JER_31:30!6|MId=o240310300061|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 הָֽאָדָ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_31:30!7|MId=o240310300071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 אָדָ֛ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=person|Ref=JER_31:30!7|MId=o240310300072|Strong=0120 11-12 הָאֹכֵ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הָ הַ SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=[who]|Ref=JER_31:30!8|MId=o240310300081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 אֹכֵ֥ל אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 8 acl:relcl _ Gloss=eats|Ref=JER_31:30!8|MId=o240310300082|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:240310300072;A1:240310300092;|Type=participle_active 13-14 הַבֹּ֖סֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the.sour|Ref=JER_31:30!9|MId=o240310300091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 בֹּ֖סֶר בֹּסֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=grape[s]|Ref=JER_31:30!9|MId=o240310300092|Strong=1155 15 תִּקְהֶ֥ינָה קָהָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 7 parataxis _ Gloss=they.will.be.blunt|Ref=JER_31:30!10|MId=o240310300101|Strong=6949|Frame=A0:240310300111;|Type=yiqtol 16-17 שִׁנָּֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 שִׁנָּֽי שֵׁן NOUN _ Number=Dual 15 nsubj _ Gloss=teeth|Ref=JER_31:30!11|MId=o240310300111|Strong=8127 17 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JER_31:30!11|MId=o240310300112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 17 punct _ Ref=JER_31:30!11|SpaceAfter=No 19 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 17 punct _ Ref=JER_31:30!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָמוּת *he will die* | yiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *everyone* | | | | | אֹכֵל *eats* | participle active · qal | אָדָם *person* | בֹּסֶר *grape\[s\]* | | | | תִּקְהֶינָה *they will be blunt* | yiqtol · qal | שִׁנָּֽי *teeth* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֱלָהֵין אֱנַשׁ בְּחוֹבֵיהּ יְמוּת כָּל אֱנַשׁ דְיֶחְטֵי הוּא יְמוּת: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But every one shall die for his own iniquity; every man that eateth the sour grapes, his teeth shall be set on edge.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.865/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:773`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 31:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.31.29/) - next →: [Jeremiah 31:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.31.31/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/31/)