--- title: Jeremiah 32:18 — who showest mercy unto thousands, and recompensest the iniquity of t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: who showest mercy unto thousands, and recompensest the iniquity of the fathers into the bosom of their children after them; the great, the mighty God, the LORD of hosts is His name; Who acts: great. Jeremiah 32:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of ev --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.32.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/32/) / 32:18 # Jeremiah 32:18 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** great · **What happens:** show, recompense, be, bosom · **To what, where:** mercy, iniquity, bosom, name, children This is Jeremiah 32:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — great — and what happens in the verse to mercy, iniquity, bosom, name, children, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. עֹ֤שֶׂה חֶ֙סֶד֙ לַֽאֲלָפִ֔ים וּמְשַׁלֵּם֙ עֲוֺ֣ן אָב֔וֹת אֶל־חֵ֥יק בְּנֵיהֶ֖ם אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם הָאֵ֤ל הַגָּדוֹל֙ הַגִּבּ֔וֹר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת שְׁמֽוֹ׃ [who showest mercy unto thousands, and recompensest the iniquity of the fathers into the bosom of their children after them; the great, the mighty God, the LORD of hosts is His name;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.893/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:801 # text = עֹ֤שֶׂה חֶ֙סֶד֙ לַֽאֲלָפִ֔ים וּמְשַׁלֵּם֙ עֲוֺ֣ן אָב֔וֹת אֶל־חֵ֥יק בְּנֵיהֶ֖ם אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם הָאֵ֤ל הַגָּדוֹל֙ הַגִּבּ֔וֹר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת שְׁמֽוֹ׃ # verse = JER.32.18 1 עֹ֤שֶׂה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[you.are].doing|Ref=JER_32:18!1|MId=o240320180011|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:240320170021;A1:240320180021;|Type=participle_active 2 חֶ֙סֶד֙ חֶסֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 obj _ Gloss=covenant.loyalty|Ref=JER_32:18!2|MId=o240320180021|Strong=2617 3-4 לַֽאֲלָפִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_32:18!3|MId=o240320180031|Strong=3807a 4 אֲלָפִ֔ים אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Plur 1 obl _ Gloss=thousands|Ref=JER_32:18!3|MId=o240320180032|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 5-6 וּמְשַׁלֵּם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_32:18!4|MId=o240320180041|Strong=2050b 6 מְשַׁלֵּם֙ שָׁלֵם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing 1 conj _ Gloss=[you.are].paying.back|Ref=JER_32:18!4|MId=o240320180042|Strong=7999|Frame=A0:240320170021;A1:240320180051;|Type=participle_active 7 עֲוֺ֣ן עָוֺן NOUN _ Number=Sing 6 obj _ Gloss=[the].iniquity|Ref=JER_32:18!5|MId=o240320180051|Strong=5771 8 אָב֔וֹת אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.fathers|Ref=JER_32:18!6|MId=o240320180061|Strong=0001 9 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=JER_32:18!7|MId=o240320180071|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 10 חֵ֥יק חֵיק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=the.bosom|Ref=JER_32:18!8|MId=o240320180081|Strong=2436 11-12 בְּנֵיהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בְּנֵי בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=their.children|Ref=JER_32:18!9|MId=o240320180091|Strong=1121 12 הֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JER_32:18!9|MId=o240320180092|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 13-14 אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 אַחֲרֵי אַחַר ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=JER_32:18!10|MId=o240320180101|Strong=0310 14 הֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod _ Gloss=them|Ref=JER_32:18!10|MId=o240320180102|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 15-16 הָאֵ֤ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_32:18!11|MId=o240320180111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 אֵ֤ל אֵל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=JER_32:18!11|MId=o240320180112|Strong=0410 17-18 הַגָּדוֹל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_32:18!12|MId=o240320180121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 גָּדוֹל֙ גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=JER_32:18!12|MId=o240320180122|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 19-20 הַגִּבּ֔וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_32:18!13|MId=o240320180131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 גִּבּ֔וֹר גִּבּוֹר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 amod _ Gloss=mighty|Ref=JER_32:18!13|MId=o240320180132|Strong=1368|Type=adjective 21 יְהוָ֥ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 1 acl _ Gloss=[is].Yahweh|Ref=JER_32:18!14|MId=o240320180141|Strong=3068 22 צְבָא֖וֹת צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Plur 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hosts|Ref=JER_32:18!15|MId=o240320180151|Strong=6635 23-24 שְׁמֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 שְׁמ שֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ Gloss=name|Ref=JER_32:18!16|MId=o240320180161|Strong=8034 24 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JER_32:18!16|MId=o240320180162|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=JER_32:18!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עֹשֶׂה *\[you are\] doing* | participle active · qal | | חֶסֶד *covenant loyalty* | | | | מְשַׁלֵּם *\[you are\] paying back* | participle active · piel | | עֲוֺן *\[the\] iniquity* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} עֱבֵיד טִיבוּ לְאַלְפֵי דָרִין וּמְשַׁלֵם חוֹבֵי אֲבָהָתָא לְבָנַיָא כַּד מְשַׁלְמִין לְמֶחֱטֵי בַּתְרֵיהוֹן אֱלָהָא רַבָּא גַבְרָא יְיָ צְבָאוֹת שְׁמֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [who showest mercy unto thousands, and recompensest the iniquity of the fathers into the bosom of their children after them; the great, the mighty God, the LORD of hosts is His name;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.893/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:801`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 32:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.32.17/) - next →: [Jeremiah 32:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.32.19/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/32/)